The solidification and micro- and macro-segregation behaviors of as-cast INCONEL 718 (IN718) alloy at different temperatures under a slow cooling rate (5 °C/min) were investigated in this study. The results indicate that the solid-liquid interfac...
The primary carbide in high carbon chromium bearing steels, which arises from solute segregation during non-equilibrium solidification, is one of the key factors affecting the mechanical properties and performance of the related components. In this w...
Increasing the removal efficiency of impurities during non-equilibrium solidification of hypereutectic Al-Si alloy remains a great challenge for the upgrading of metallurgical silicon (MG-Si) to solar grade Si (SOG-Si). Hence, a manageable method was...
Due to the high computational costs of the Eulerian multiphase model, which solves the conservation equations for each considered phase, a two-phase mixture model is proposed to reduce these costs in the current study. Only one single equation for ea...
To explore the influence of double-electrode regulation technology on the solidification microstructure and properties of GCr15 bearing steel, the double-electrode insertion process was employed in this study, combined with metallographic analysis, m...
In this work, a novel internal heat absorption technology using inorganic material rods is employed during the solidification process of steel ingots, aiming to control their solidification and improve the quality of the final product. The study inve...
Solidification segregation behavior and homogenization heat treatment processes of a difficult-to-deform superalloy for use at 850 °C were studied. Additionally, the effect of carbon content on homogenization, the thermal treatment process, and p...
In order to achieve long-term and stable ultrasonic treatment in the direct chill semi-continuous casting process, a new L-shaped ceramic ultrasonic wave guide rod is designed to introduce ultrasonic bending vibration into 2A14 aluminum alloy melt. T...
The prediction and controlling of the solidification structure and macro-segregation in heavy steel casting, which is usually produced in limited quantities, was a conundrum in the foundry field. In this work, the cooling and solidification processes...
In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) solidification model was developed that uses a SOLA algorithm to solve momentum equations and accelerate iterative convergence. The macrosegregation behavior of a sand-cast Sn-6 wt.% Pb alloy was numerically in...
Mold with diameter sizes of 140 mm, 80 mm, 40 mm and 15 mm were designed to obtain the ingot of Fe-30Mn-10Al-1.1C low-density steel under different cooling rates. The influence of cooling rate on the grain morphology and elemental segregation behavio...
The statistical correlation was applied to analyze the specific and quantitative correlation relationship between the solidification structure and central segregation along the casting direction in carbon steel billet. On this basis, the segregation...
The solidification structure and segregation of continuously cast billets produced by different continuous casting processes are investigated to elucidate their effect on segregated bands in hot-rolled section steel. It suggested that segregated spot...
Understanding the Si segregation behavior in hypereutectic Al-Si alloys is important for controlling the micro- and macrostructures of ingots. The macrosegregation mechanism and morphological evolution of the primary Si phase were investigated during...
The structure and composition of large-scale Al–Cu alloy ingots are inhomogeneous, and the segregation of (especially) elemental Cu negatively affects the uniformity and stability of the subsequent components. In this work, four ultrasonic gene...
As an advanced near-net-shape processing method in which directly preformed, semi-finished products are created from liquid metals, spray forming has become popular in the development and application of new materials and is supporting industrializati...
γ-Al2O3 particles form inevitably in liquid Al- alloys during liquid-handling and casting processes. Such oxide particles may act as potential nucleation sites during solidification. Recent research revealed that native γ-Al2O3 particles...
In this paper, the precipitation thermodynamics and growth kinetics of TiN inclusions in GCr15 bearing steel during solidification were calculated in more detail. A more reasonable formula for calculating the segregation of the solute elements was ad...
Controlling the segregation behavior of primary Si in the solidification process of hypereutectic Al-Si alloy is crucial for enhancing the design ability of the solidification structure. To explore the separation condition and morphological evolution...
The solidification cracking behavior in laser welds of steel/copper dissimilar metals was systematically investigated. T2 copper and SUS304 stainless steel were used in the study. The results showed that the occurrence of solidification cracking in w...
A 3D numerical model was built to investigate the transport phenomena in slab continuous casting process with secondary electromagnetic stirring (S-EMS). In the model, the columnar grain grew from strand surface and it should be treated as a porous m...
During solidification of metallic materials, heterogeneous nucleation occurs on substrates, either endogenous or exogenous. The potency of the substrates for nucleation is mainly dependent upon the atomic arrangements on the substrate surface, which...
For this article, we studied the microstructure and solute segregation seen around the melt pool boundary of orientation-controlled 316L austenitic stainless steel produced by laser powder bed fusion, using transmission electron microscopy and energy...
The paper presents ground reasoning and results of experiments and modeling of heavy hollow ingot manufacturing using advanced electroslag technology. The requirements for ingots for huge diameter reactor pressure vessels include high density, homoge...
Controlling the formation of MnS inclusions during solidification influences the mechanical properties and machinability of the resulfurized steel. A coupled segregation–nucleation–growth model was developed by the finite-difference metho...
This paper presents a numerical simulation of the steel grade transition from the ladle nozzle to the solidification end of the bloom. The simulation is based on models encompassing fluid flow, solidification, heat transfer, an electromagnetic field,...
The solution heat treatment (SHT) of the third generation of single crystal (SC) Ni-based superalloys required up to 45 h and was expensive. In this study, SHT based on liquid metal cooling (LMC) was optimized to greatly reduce processing time. The e...
A Ni-based superalloy CMSX-6 was directionally solidified at various drawing speeds (5–20 μm·s−1) and diameters (4 mm, 12 mm) under a 0.5 T weak transverse magnetic field. The results show that the application of a weak transverse magnetic field sign...
The effect of cooling rate on the evolution of AlN inclusions precipitated during solidification in FeCrAl stainless steel was investigated using an experimental study and thermodynamic and kinetic calculations. The number and size of AlN inclusions...
Using magnetic stirring during solidification provides a good opportunity to control the microstructure of alloys, thus controlling their physical properties. However, magnetic stirring is often accompanied by a change in local concentrations, and ne...
Alloy 625 is a widely utilized nickel-based superalloy known for its excellent mechanical strength and corrosion resistance in aggressive environments. However, its high niobium (Nb) content can lead to the formation of detrimental phases, such as La...
Prenucleation refers to the phenomenon of atomic ordering in the liquid adjacent to a liquid/solid interface at temperatures above its nucleation temperature. It produces a precursor for heterogeneous nucleation in the liquid and thus has a strong in...
Precipitation of MnS inclusions in steel affects the mechanical properties of the material significantly. The evolution of MnS inclusions along the continuous casting slab thickness and its influencing factors has not been clearly established and com...
Understanding the way samarium–cobalt alloys solidify at varying cooling rates and the regularities in alloying element distribution is crucial for optimizing subsequent homogenization and annealing processes, leading to an enhancement in the o...
As an important mechanical property, tensile behavior has been regarded as an indicator for the creep and thermal mechanical fatigue properties of Ni-based superalloys. The tensile property of Ni-based superalloys is closely related to the amount, si...
In this study, the relationship between macro segregation and the equiaxed zone in high-carbon grades with continuous casting parameters was investigated and optimized at the İsdemir iron and steel plant. The work was conducted for the 1080 qual...
A permanent magnet stirrer was built to study the effect of different magnetic field stirring modes on the solidification quality of Sn-20 wt-% Pb alloy ingots. The internal quality of the ingot can be improved by adjusting both the stirring speed an...
Tire cord steel is widely used in the tire production process of the vehicle manufacturing industry due to its excellent strength and toughness. Titanium nitride (TiN) inclusion, existing in tire rod, has a seriously detrimental effect on the fatigue...
The microstructure, phase component, corrosion resistance, microhardness, and mechanical property of the as-cast CoCrW-(0~5)Ni-(1~4)Cu alloys were investigated to reveal the synergistic effect of Ni and Cu by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electro...
Cracking of nickel superalloys with a high content of
High-carbon steel wires used for bridge cables, tire reinforcement materials and cutting materials of silicon ingot for photovoltaic industry require an extremely fine diameter and high strength. Poor control of centerline segregation, inclusion and...
Al-5Cu-0.8Mn-0.1Zr strips produced during a twin-roll-casting process are investigated in this paper. Central segregation does occur in the alloy strip, and the segregation is a mixture of Al2Cu and Al20Cu2Mn3 eutectic phases. This mixture is difficu...
Secondary cooling electromagnetic stirring (S-EMS) significantly impacts the internal quality of continuous casting slabs. In order to investigate the effects of S-EMS modes on segregation in slabs, a three-dimensional numerical model of the full-sca...
In this study, the solidification behavior of 310S stainless steel was systematically investigated by combining high-temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy (HT-CLSM), microstructural characterization, and thermodynamic calculations. The focus...
Macrosegregation, serving as a major defect in billets, can severely degrade material homogeneity. Better understanding of the physical characteristics of macrosegregation through numerical simulation could significantly contribute to the segregation...
In this study, a hybrid finite element (FE) and cellular automaton (CA) model is developed to explore crystallization behavior and alloying of Inconel713LC during Laser powder bed fusion. A cellular automaton model is considering the surface nucleati...
Using scanning and transmission electron microscopy, we studied silicon particles formed during the solidification of Al-7%Si alloy when different modifying mixtures were introduced into the melt: (1) a mixture of ultrafine powders Na3AlF6 + K2ZrF6 +...
The element distribution and the microstructures of directionally solidified ingots of Ti-45Al-8Nb and Ti-46Al-8Nb alloys were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) equipped with wavelength-dispersive X...
In this work, the evolution of the solidification microstructures of Ti–6Al–4V–xFe (x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9) alloys fabricated by levitation melting was studied by combined simulative and experimental methods. The growth of grai...
The structural investigations performed and described in this paper are focused on both the segregation phenomenon at the dendrite level, and on the external structure in the equilibrium state. Qualitative and quantitative investigations of the Zn-Al...
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