Search Results (5,825)

Patients with cancer often experience intertwined symptom burden and functional decline that contribute to falls, unsafe transfers, uncontrolled symptoms, caregiver strain, and crisis-driven care. Physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R), also known as physiatry, and specialty PC both address suffering and quality of life through complementary clinical approaches; however, collaborative care with and between these two specialties is inconsistent in routine oncology practice. This paper presents a clinical implementation framework informed by targeted literature synthesis for bidirectional referral and co-management between PM&R and PC in oncology. The framework was informed by the PC referral criteria literature, cancer rehabilitation triage literature, trigger-based serious illness identification models, and implementation science. Four clinic-usable tools are proposed, including a scope and overlap map, a clinical-needs gradient, a referral trigger table linking common clinical signals to the reason for referral and expected clinical actions, and a primary-service triage workflow. This framework is intended to clarify which service is best positioned to be the primary supportive service according to the patient’s current needs, when rehabilitation therapy alone may be sufficient, and when co-management should be the default. This concept-to-practice model is designed to facilitate early, needs-based referrals and coordinated supportive care in oncology settings. Full article

Under the “dual carbon” targets, using green finance to support renewable energy use is an important way to reduce extreme climate risks. This study builds a balanced panel dataset of 271 Chinese cities from 2010 to 2021. We measured the level of Green Finance (GF) and renewable energy utilization (RE). Employing two-way fixed effects, the Spatial Durbin Model (SDM), and the Heterogeneous Spatial Autoregressive (HSAR) model, we systematically examine the promoting effects, transmission mechanisms, spatial heterogeneity, and economic–environmental consequences of GF on RE. The empirical results reveal that GF significantly enhances RE and generates pronounced positive spatial spillovers. Mechanism analysis indicates that R&D investment and environmental regulation serve as the primary transmission channels. The promotion effect is more pronounced in the eastern and central regions, as well as in areas with higher R&D investment and stricter environmental regulation, whereas the spatial spillover effect is particularly evident in coastal regions. Further consequence analysis demonstrates that GF contributes to reducing conventional energy intensity, improving green total factor productivity, and alleviating extreme climate events. Building on these findings, this study proposes spatially differentiated and sustainability-oriented policy strategies to advance China’s energy transition and foster coordinated economic and environmental sustainability. Full article

Background/Objectives: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment is limited by tumor hypoxia and poor specificity of therapeutic agents. To address these challenges, we developed brain-targeted liposomes co-encapsulating 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) and catalase (CAT), termed brain-targeted 5-ALA-CAT liposomes (BACL), which were surface-modified with the Angiopep-2 ligand to enhance blood–brain barrier penetration and achieve multimodal therapy combining targeted delivery and oxygen generation. Methods: BACL was prepared and characterized. Tumor targeting was verified by flow cytometry and in vivo imaging. In vitro antitumor activity was evaluated by wound-healing assay, colony formation assay, live/dead staining, MTT assay, and Western blotting. In vivo efficacy, apoptosis, and safety were assessed in a subcutaneous xenograft model. Transcriptome sequencing and qRT-PCR were employed to identify molecular mechanisms and novel targets. Results: BACL exhibited favorable physicochemical properties (size: 122.4 nm, PDI: 0.189, zeta potential: −12.3 mV) and spherical morphology as observed by TEM, with encapsulation efficiencies of 51.2% for 5-ALA and 43.8% for CAT. Compared with unmodified 5-ALA, BACL increased the cellular uptake efficiency by 1.6-fold in glioma cells while maintaining catalytic stability for sustained oxygen generation. In vitro experiments demonstrated that BACL significantly inhibited glioma cell migration, colony formation, and cell viability, and induced apoptosis. In a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model, BACL-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) achieved a tumor growth inhibition rate of 52%, with apoptosis induction via regulation of Bcl-2, Bax, and p53 expression, and no obvious toxicity to major organs was observed. Transcriptomic analysis combined with qRT-PCR validation revealed that BACL activates multiple antitumor signaling pathways, including targeted inhibition of IL-10 and CXCL13 to disrupt cytokine–receptor interactions, as well as coordinated regulation of S100A3 and IGSF-9 expression to suppress glioma progression. Conclusions: These multimodal actions enhanced PDT efficacy while remodeling the tumor microenvironment. Our findings position BACL as a promising therapeutic platform integrating targeted delivery, hypoxia alleviation, and immunomodulation for GBM therapy. Full article

LED-based trapping may improve whitefly management, but light conditions that attract pests may also affect beneficial predators. This study evaluated how wavelength, irradiance, and temperature influence the phototactic behavior of Bemisia tabaci Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) and its predator Serangium japonicum (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Adults were tested in Y-tube assays across multiple wavelength–irradiance combinations at 25 ± 1 °C, followed by temperature-dependent experiments at 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C under selected settings. B. tabaci MEAM1 consistently showed strong positive phototaxis. At irradiances of 100, 200, 400, 600, and 800 µW cm⁻², positive phototaxis was highest under 480 nm light, whereas at 1000 µW cm⁻², it was highest under 520 nm light. For S. japonicum, negative phototaxis was highest under 440 nm at 200 µW cm⁻² and under 400 nm at 600, 800, and 1000 µW cm⁻², and this avoidance weakened as temperature increased. Under a strict predator-safe criterion, 400 nm at 600 µW cm⁻² was the best coordinated setting at 20–30 °C, whereas 440 nm at 600 µW cm⁻² was the best strict predator-safe setting at 35 °C. These results indicate that selective LED trapping should be deployed as a temperature-aware strategy rather than as a single fixed setting. The findings provide a basis for improving the compatibility of physical and biological control in B. tabaci management. Full article

The role of externalities generated by enterprise digital transformation in advancing SDGs 8 and 9 has been largely overlooked in existing research. Taking Lighthouse Factory certification (LFC) as a quasi-natural experiment, this paper uses China’s county-level panel data from 2016 to 2023 and adopts the DID model to investigate the impact of leading enterprises’ digital transformation on regional digital entrepreneurship (RDE). The findings show that LFC promotes RDE by facilitating digital technology transfer, deepening digital technology cooperation, accelerating digital knowledge accumulation, and enhancing local digital industrial competitiveness. Moreover, this effect is more pronounced in regions with stricter environmental regulations and a stronger green transformation climate, yet is less constrained by local digital infrastructure. Interestingly, LFC exerts positive spillover effects on surrounding cities within 50–150 km and those beyond 250 km, whereas it exerts a significant siphon effect on cities within 50 km. Furthermore, LFC generates network spillovers among economically connected cities through regional digital technology transfer and cooperation networks. This paper provides empirical evidence for leveraging the demonstration effect of leading enterprises to promote the coordinated implementation of SDG 8, SDG 9, SDG 10, SDG 12 and SDG 13. Full article

This paper designs a statistical channel state information-based pinching antenna system for short-packet communication (SPC). To maximize the average maximal achievable rate (MAR) under physical collision-avoidance constraints, we formulate a highly non-convex geometry optimization problem, which is solved by our proposed novel phase-domain proximal policy optimization (PPO) framework. Unlike conventional coordinate-based approaches, the agent operates in a dual-component trigonometric phase domain, and the generated phase actions are mapped to feasible antenna positions via a customized phase-domain action mapping, which fundamentally avoids the $0/2\pi$ phase discontinuity and ensures stable learning. To evaluate the reliability of SPC, we derive a tractable statistical characterization of the received signal-to-noise ratio based on a mixture Gamma approximation over spatially correlated Rician fading channels, leading to a closed-form approximation for the average block error rate (BLER). A bisection search algorithm is further developed to minimize the required blocklength under the target reliability constraint. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed phase-domain PPO scheme significantly outperforms the conventional algorithms in terms of average MAR, average BLER, and blocklength efficiency, with the performance gain becoming more pronounced as the number of antennas per waveguide increases. Full article

Learning agility has become an essential capability for employees working in technology-driven environments characterized by rapid change and uncertainty. Despite increasing attention on learning agility, limited empirical research has examined how different levels of cognitive abilities contribute to its development, particularly among Generation Z employees. This study investigates the cognitive determinants of learning agility by distinguishing between basic cognitive abilities and high-level cognitive abilities and examining their roles across established and start-up companies. A total of 270 Generation Z employees in Indonesia participated in the study, consisting of 135 employees from established companies and 135 from start-up companies. Cognitive abilities were assessed using objective psychometric instruments, where basic cognitive abilities (reasoning, memory, attention, coordination, and perception) were measured using CogniFit, while high-level cognitive abilities were assessed through the Divergent Association Task (DAT) for creativity, the Watson–Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal for critical thinking, and the FourSight framework for problem-solving. Learning agility was measured using a multidimensional behavioral scale. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that higher-order cognitive abilities play a more prominent role in shaping learning agility than basic cognitive abilities. Creativity and problem solving consistently demonstrate significant positive relationships with learning agility across organizational contexts, while reasoning, critical thinking, and perception show context-dependent effects across organizational environments. These findings suggest that learning agility is primarily driven by generative and evaluative cognitive processes rather than by basic cognitive efficiency alone. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of the cognitive architecture of learning agility and provides insights for organizations seeking to develop adaptive talent in rapidly evolving technological environments. Full article

We develop SAFIRE (Self-Attention Fuzzy-Inspired Rule Estimator), a differentiable fuzzy-inspired rule-scoring surrogate for binary medical tabular classification coupling multi-head self-attention, Gaussian membership functions, and Hard Concrete gates for continuous rule scoring. We position SAFIRE as a smooth surrogate of the discrete $L_0$-regularised rule-selection problem and establish five mathematical results and one complexity remark: (1) the relaxed objective is differentiable almost everywhere under positive Gaussian widths (enforced by a Softplus reparameterisation) and fixed batch-normalisation statistics; (2) the deterministic-inference active threshold is strictly stricter than the expected-nonzero training threshold, identifying Hard Concrete gates as continuous rule-scoring devices rather than automatic pruning mechanisms; (3) per-sample forward complexity identifies attention and rule layers as the dominant terms; (4) the Softplus–BatchNorm–linear rule operator violates all four triangular-norm axioms—with necessary and sufficient conditions per axiom and a no-finite-parameterisation impossibility result—while a Softplus reparameterisation restores coordinate-wise monotonicity; (5) a margin-based upper bound characterises disagreement between the full classifier and a top-k rule-only surrogate; and (6) the Softplus-reparameterised constrained variant is provably coordinate-wise monotone with explicit asymptotic regimes. Evaluated on four University of California, Irvine (UCI), medical binary tabular benchmarks under repeated stratified cross-validation, SAFIRE-Prog is statistically competitive with strong interpretable, modern, and gradient-boosting baselines, with one Bonferroni-significant gain over RuleFit on the Diabetic Retinopathy Debrecen corpus. The 48-configuration Hard Concrete sweep, constrained-variant comparison, and a top-k fidelity analysis (per-fold range 0.73–0.95) provide quantitative companion measurements for the mathematical framework. A supplementary large-scale hospital electronic health record (EHR) benchmark (Diabetes 130-US Hospitals, $n=101,766$) shows the rule-scoring mechanism scales to ∼${10}^5$ records and, under severe class imbalance, statistically matches gradient boosting on accuracy while significantly exceeding it on macro-F1. The results offer a mathematically auditable pathway towards interpretable, auditable rule scoring for medical tabular classification, with rule signatures defined in a projected latent space rather than over raw clinical variables. Full article

The bidirectional differentiation potential of skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs) enables them to differentiate into myofibers or intramuscular adipocytes, which affects meat quality in livestock. However, how insulin regulates ovine SMSC metabolism remains poorly understood. SMSCs were isolated from the longissimus dorsi muscle of 1-day-old Hu sheep, cultured, identified, and induced to differentiate with insulin. After induction, lipid droplet formation and the number of nuclei per cell were assessed, and samples were collected before adipogenic induction (No_AD) and after adipogenic induction (AD) for qPCR and whole-transcriptome sequencing. Immunofluorescence confirmed cells were positive for PAX7 and DESMIN. Bodipy, Oil Red O, and hematoxylin staining revealed lipid droplets and multinucleated cells. Sequencing and qPCR indicated that insulin promoted fatty acid uptake and utilization, inhibited adipogenic differentiation, and promoted myogenic differentiation. Integrated ceRNA analysis suggested that miR-2447-z and MSTRG.8123.1 may coordinate muscle development and lipid metabolism. In conclusion, under insulin induction, ovine SMSCs may undergo metabolic adaptation through the ceRNA network mediated by miR-2447-z and MSTRG.8123.1, exhibiting enhanced myogenesis, suppressed adipogenesis, and lipid droplet accumulation. These findings provide new insights into insulin-regulated SMSC metabolism, suggesting that leveraging the bidirectional differentiation potential of SMSCs to in-fluence muscle characteristics and fat deposition may be a feasible approach for im-proving meat production traits in sheep. Full article

Background/Objectives: Obesity-associated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) drives systemic metabolic stress and accelerates chronic kidney disease, yet the mechanistic links remain unclear. Mitochondrial dysfunction has emerged as a central mediator of obesity-induced organ injury. Here, we investigated renal mitochondrial remodeling in a rat model of obesity-associated NAFLD (Ob-NAFLD) and examined the effects of metformin. Methods: Female Zucker rats (obese fa/fa and lean Fa/Fa) were fed an AIN-93G diet for eight weeks, followed by 10 weeks of metformin treatment in designated groups. Kidney tissues were analyzed using biochemical assays, immunoblotting, blue native PAGE, in-gel activity assays, and histological evaluation. Results: In Ob-NAFLD rats, renal ATP levels were elevated despite reduced electron transport chain (ETC) Complex III and increased Complex V expression, reflecting compensatory ATP synthase hyperactivity uncoupled from efficient oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial dynamics were disrupted such that inhibitory phosphorylation of DRP1 was reduced, promoting fission, and total OPA1 expression was decreased with a shift in short-to-long isoform balance, indicating impaired fusion and cristae remodeling. Notably, ATPase inhibitory factor 1 (IF1), a checkpoint that limits ATP synthase overdrive, remained stably expressed, suggesting an adaptive ceiling or failed protective control under chronic metabolic stress. Metformin partially alleviated bioenergetic stress by lowering ATP and modestly restoring Complex III, yet ETC imbalance and structural remodeling persisted, revealing the limitations of metabolic modulation alone. Conclusions: These findings position entrenched mitochondrial dysregulation as a mechanistic bridge linking obesity-driven liver disease to kidney injury. Therapeutic strategies combining metabolic interventions with targeted restoration of ETC coordination, mitochondrial dynamics, and regulatory checkpoints such as IF1 may be required to fully restore renal mitochondrial health and prevent the progression of metabolic kidney disease. Full article

Emergency departments (EDs) operate under high-pressure and time-critical conditions in which spatial configuration plays a fundamental role in shaping workflow efficiency, staff coordination, and patient experience. Although Space Syntax has been increasingly applied in healthcare environments, evidence relating specifically to ED design remains fragmented, with inconsistencies in methodological approaches, performance interpretation, and operational linkage. This study presents a structured review informed by PRISMA 2020 guidelines to synthesise peer-reviewed research published between 1990 and 2025 on the application of Space Syntax in emergency department design, resulting in 14 eligible studies. The synthesis identifies three recurring thematic domains: spatial configuration, visibility and visual connectivity, and functional adjacency. The findings indicate that spatial integration, connectivity, and visibility conditions are consistently associated with circulation efficiency, supervision capacity, and workflow continuity. However, methodological heterogeneity, particularly in spatial representation, radius selection, and validation practices, limits cross-study comparability and predictive inference. To address these limitations, this review offers an integrated conceptual synthesis of existing evidence concerning the relationships between spatial configuration, visibility, and functional adjacency in emergency department environments. The synthesis suggests that relationships between spatial configuration, visibility, and functional adjacency may be interpreted as interconnected influences on emergency department performance. Overall, this review positions Space Syntax as a configurational performance evaluation methodology rather than a predictive tool, while highlighting the need for future research to integrate spatial analysis with simulation modelling, behavioural validation, and real-world operational data to enhance applicability in high-demand emergency environments. Full article

Crisis management has evolved from a reactive organizational function into a strategic capability grounded in organizational learning, knowledge-based processes, and behavioral alignment, thereby enhancing institutional resilience in volatile environments. This study examines how organizational and financial determinants contribute to crisis management success in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It integrates crisis management culture as a learning-oriented mediating capability. It incorporates a Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)-based behavioral extension to explain how attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control shape intention toward crisis-related compliance. Using SPSS regression analysis and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the findings indicate that policies, procedures, and financial stability exert significant positive effects on crisis management success, whereas trained human resources show no direct significant impact. Crisis management culture emerges as a key mediating mechanism that enables knowledge integration, supports organizational learning processes, and translates structural preparedness into coordinated action. The TPB-based extension further shows that attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control significantly predict intention, and that intention is positively associated with crisis management success. The results suggest that effective crisis governance depends not only on formal structures and financial resources but also on learning-oriented cultures and behavioral mechanisms that transform institutional knowledge into coordinated crisis responses. Full article

This work addresses the design and implementation of an automated system for the handling and transportation of parts, integrating speed sensors, an optimized PID controller, an HMI interface, and an industrial robotic system. The speed sensors, powered by 5 V DC, enable continuous measurement of the conveyor belt’s speed and direction of rotation, providing the feedback signal required for the control loop. The core element of the system is the implementation of a PID controller applied to a direct current motor responsible for driving the conveyor belt. This controller regulates the motor speed by analyzing the error between the reference speed and the measured speed, using proportional, integral, and derivative actions to improve system stability, reduce steady-state error, and minimize oscillations. The application of PID control makes it possible to achieve an appropriate dynamic response, ensuring accuracy and reliability in the transportation process. System monitoring and operation are carried out through a human–machine interface (HMI) developed in LOGO Web Editor, which communicates with the PLC (LOGO V8) to visualize and control the status of the conveyor belt, sensors, and control elements in real time. This interface facilitates interaction between the operator and the system, allowing both virtual and physical operation. In addition, RAPID programming is used to control the IRB 14000 industrial robot, enabling the reading of PLC signals and the execution of coordinated trajectories between both arms. The operating sequence includes picking up a part with the left arm, placing it on the conveyor belt, and, after detection by sensors and PLC control, subsequent manipulation by the right arm to a specific point. Finally, both arms return to their original position, ensuring synchronized and collision-free operation. Lastly, this work integrates scientific knowledge related to the modeling, analysis, and control of dynamic systems, particularly in the implementation of closed-loop PID control optimized using genetic algorithms. This control is applied directly to an embedded system through the use of an Arduino board as the processing and control platform. Likewise, technological knowledge associated with industrial automation, PLC programming, HMI development, and industrial robotics is incorporated. The convergence of these scientific and technological approaches results in a comprehensive and compelling project that demonstrates the practical application of theoretical concepts in a functional automated system representative of real industrial environments. Full article

Prefabricated mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) systems have been increasingly adopted in energy station projects; however, systematic evaluation frameworks capable of integrating construction performance, cost constraints, and uncertain multi-indicator assessments remain limited. To address this gap, this study constructs an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)–Entropy–Fuzzy evaluation framework to assess the comprehensive benefits of BIM-enabled prefabricated MEP construction in energy stations. A hierarchical evaluation system was established based on five dimensions: schedule, quality, cost, safety, and environmental performance, and ten secondary indicators were defined. The Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to determine expert-based subjective weights, the entropy method was applied to capture objective data variability, and multiplicative normalization was employed to obtain combined weights. A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model was then introduced to transform heterogeneous construction records into comparable benefit levels and scores. The prefabricated method scored 87.80 and was classified as “high”, whereas the conventional method scored 60.85 and was classified as “low”. A Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS)-based sensitivity analysis further showed that, under 10%, 20%, and 50% criterion-weight perturbations, the prefabricated group consistently achieved higher closeness coefficients than the conventional group. The smallest margin occurred when the schedule weight was reduced by 50%, but the prefabricated group retained a positive advantage. The results demonstrate that Building Information Modeling (BIM)-enabled prefabricated MEP construction can achieve superior overall project performance through the coordinated optimization of schedule, cost, safety, quality, and environmental objectives, offering a practical evaluation framework and decision-support tool for the industrialized delivery of future energy infrastructure projects. Full article

Agriophyllum squarrosum (L.) Moq. (sand rice) is a drought-tolerant psammophytic species with high potential as a climate-resilient food crop due to its nutritional value and adaptation to arid environments. This study evaluates morphometric and biochemical variation in seeds from five natural populations across the deserts of Kazakhstan to assess their breeding potential. Seed morphometric traits showed moderate variability (CVs of 4.71–17.98%), with strong positive correlations among seed length, width, and thousand-seed weight, indicating coordinated development. In contrast, biochemical traits, particularly amino acid composition, exhibited substantially higher variability (CV up to 174.9%), reflecting metabolic flexibility under different environmental conditions. Among the amino acids reliably quantified in this study, histidine was the most abundant, while cysteine, tyrosine, and alanine showed high variability. Total protein content remained relatively stable, reaching up to 34.96% in superior accessions. Multivariate analyses revealed significant population differentiation: Akt1 was the most distinct, whereas Alm1 exhibited superior seed size and mass. Weak correlations between morphometric and biochemical traits suggest their partial independence. Integrated multivariate evaluation identified Akt2 and Alm1 as the most promising populations for breeding. Overall, the observed variation highlights strong potential to select genotypes that combine improved seed size with favorable biochemical characteristics, based on the five amino acids quantified above the LOQ, thereby supporting breeding and domestication efforts. Full article