Plant Foods: Characterization, Extraction, Processing, and Waste Revalorization

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2026 | Viewed by 1532

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratorio de Microscopia Confocal-Multifotónica, Centro de Nanociencias y Micro y Nanotecnologías, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Luis Enrique Erro S/N, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México C.P. 07738, Mexico
Interests: plant food; vegetable tissues; bioactive compounds; drying and extraction process; agroindustry waste; circular economy; biomaterials; microscopy; histology and Image analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Biotecnología, Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ctra. Yautepec-Jojutla, Km.6, calle CEPROBI No. 8, Col. San Isidro, Yautepec C.P. 62739, Morelos, Mexico
Interests: food science; agricultural plant science; encapsulation; bioactive compounds of agave waste; microscopy; histology and digital image analysis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Biotecnología, Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ctra. Yautepec-Jojutla, Km. 6, calle CEPROBI No. 8, Col. San Isidro, Yautepec C.P. 62739, Morelos, Mexico
Interests: food science; revaluation of agave waste; fermentation; probiotics; prebiotics; encapsulation; biomaterials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Plant food research encompasses a depth knowledge with respect to their physical, chemical, macro-/micro-, and nanometric characterization using high-resolution analytical techniques, microscopy, and image analysis; the characterization and/or extraction of the nutritional and functional compounds from plant foods, processes to which both the raw material and its constituents are subjected, and the methods used for this extraction, from traditional methods to emerging technologies; and the revalorization of plant food waste through the development or proposal of by-products that offer added value to production chains.

- Plant food characterization

Characterization is the analytical process of identifying and quantifying the chemical, physical, nutritional, functional, and sensory properties of plant materials. The mechanical properties of plant foods are characterized using equipment such as the Universal Mechanical Testing Machine, the indentation tester, and structural high-resolution equipment such as microscopy techniques and image analysis. These processes are vital to understanding a plant's potential applications and to developing optimized processing methods.

- Extraction methods

Extraction involves separating and recovering valuable components, such as proteins, lipids, bioactive compounds, metabolites, and others, from the plant matrix. Both conventional techniques and emerging technologies are used.

- Process and technologies

The processes and technologies to which plants are subjected range from the study of physiological, chemical, and biochemical processes to the processes to which plants are subjected under conservation efforts, or technologies that transform the components of a raw plant into a final product or processed food.

- Waste or residue revalorization

Revalorization turns agricultural and food processing by-products into higher-value products, contributing to a circular economy and minimizing environmental impact.

This multi-stage approach (circular economy and life cycle analysis) is key to creating both new food products and higher-value ingredients from agricultural by-products.

Dr. Maria de Jesus Perea-Flores
Dr. Brenda Hildeliza Camacho Díaz
Dr. Sandra Victoria Ávila-Reyes
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plants
  • agroindustrial waste or residues
  • process
  • characterization
  • metabolites
  • biopolymers
  • extraction
  • chemical composition
  • ancestral plants
  • circular economy

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • Reprint: MDPI Books provides the opportunity to republish successful Special Issues in book format, both online and in print.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

13 pages, 5297 KB  
Article
Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from Pomegranate Seeds (Punica granatum L.) Using Microwave- and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Techniques
by Wendy Magaly Arias-Balderas, Elba Ronquillo-de Jesús, Omar Patiño-Rodríguez, Chelsi Amairani Cortes-Reyna and Miguel Angel Aguilar-Méndez
Plants 2026, 15(8), 1247; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15081247 - 18 Apr 2026
Viewed by 272
Abstract
In this study, we compared the effects of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) on the total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, morphological characteristics, and tentative identification of bioactive compounds by LC-ESI-MS/MS in pomegranate seeds. We conducted a phytochemical characterization of the extracts [...] Read more.
In this study, we compared the effects of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) on the total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, morphological characteristics, and tentative identification of bioactive compounds by LC-ESI-MS/MS in pomegranate seeds. We conducted a phytochemical characterization of the extracts by determining the total phenolic content and total flavonoids. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and free radical inhibition methods (DPPH and ABTS). Morphological characteristics were analyzed via scanning electron microscopy, UV-Vis and FTIR of the extracts were recorded. Additionally, the main bioactive compounds were identified using HPLC-MS. Our results demonstrated that MAE was the most efficient technique, yielding a higher content of total phenols (35.47 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (14.44 mg CAE/g) and antioxidant activity (0.19 and 0.41 mmol TEAC/g, as determined by FRAP and ABTS, respectively). In terms of morphological characteristics, UAE induced more changes in the structure of the plant material compared to MAE. According to HPLC-MS analysis, the extract obtained using MAE notably contained coumaric acid, cyanidin, and quercetin, whereas the UAE extract included coumaric acid, cyanidin, kaempferol, and epicatechin. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that MAE is a more efficient method than UAE for extracting bioactive compounds. Pomegranate seeds may represent a potential source of these compounds for application in various industrial areas. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

23 pages, 2769 KB  
Article
Thermal Processing Techniques Differentially Modulate Phytochemicals, Antioxidant Potential, and Genoprotective Effects of Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) and Chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cycla)
by Marta Frlin, Karlo Miškec and Ivana Šola
Plants 2025, 14(24), 3808; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14243808 - 14 Dec 2025
Viewed by 821
Abstract
Thermal processing alters the nutritional and functional properties of vegetable food. In this study, using electrophoretic, spectrophotometric, and statistical analyses, we analyzed the effects of boiling, blanching, steaming, and blanching followed by pan-frying and air-frying on the concentration of bioactive compounds in kale [...] Read more.
Thermal processing alters the nutritional and functional properties of vegetable food. In this study, using electrophoretic, spectrophotometric, and statistical analyses, we analyzed the effects of boiling, blanching, steaming, and blanching followed by pan-frying and air-frying on the concentration of bioactive compounds in kale and chard, and the biological effects of their extracts. In addition to analyzing the vegetable tissues, the residual water remaining after thermal processing was also examined to assess the nutritional potential of this often overlooked and typically discarded by-product. The residual cooking water had the highest antioxidant capacity, according to ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays (57.83% ± 18.16%, 33.58% ± 16.55%, and 81.58% ± 0.78% for kale and 74.53% ± 4.56%, 13.62% ± 7.34%, and 82.97% ± 0.44% for chard, respectively). Air-frying and cooking water contained the highest total phenolics (0.48 ± 0.17 mg GAE/g fw and 0.35 ± 0.06 mg GAE/g fw for kale and 0.88 ± 0.21 mg GAE/g fw and 0.80 ± 0.06 mg GAE/g fw for chard, respectively). Thermally processed chard had a higher concentration of oxidative marker H2O2 than kale. An inverse relationship between soluble sugars and H2O2 levels was observed. In kale, cooking processes caused the greatest reduction in soluble sugars, whereas in chard, this effect was most pronounced during blanching. Chard had more photosynthetic pigments than kale. Heat treatments caused more differences between kale samples than chard samples. Pan-frying best preserved chlorophylls, porphyrins, and carotenoids. According to both PC and HC analysis, the tissues of kale were clearly distinguishable from the water remaining after boiling/blanching/steaming kale. These results may help to optimize industrial processing conditions to better preserve bioactive compounds and create opportunities for the valorization of cooking by-products. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

Back to TopTop