Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays critical roles in cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, and anti-cancer drug resistance. Overexpression and somatic mutations of EGFR result in enhanced cancer cell survival. Therefore, EGFR can be a target...
Cordycepin is an adenosine derivative isolated from Cordyceps sinensis, which has been used as an herbal complementary and alternative medicine with various biological activities. The general anti-cancer mechanisms of cordycepin are regulated by the...
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) regulate gene expression through the epigenetic modification of chromatin structure. HDAC6, unlike many other HDACs, is present in the cytoplasm. Its deacetylates non-histone proteins and plays diverse roles in cancer cel...
The extracts of Corydalis heterocarpa, a salt-tolerant plant, exhibit diverse physiological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiadipogenic effects. However, the anti-aging effects of C. heterocarpa extract (CHE) on human skin...
Photothermal therapy (PTT), as a noninvasive and local treatment, has emerged as a promising anti-tumor strategy with minimal damage to normal tissue under spatiotemporally controllable irradiation. However, the necrosis of cancer cells during PTT wi...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world, with increasing incidence and mortality rates. Standard conventional treatments for CRC are surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Recently, immunotherapy has been introduced as...
Focusing on the anti-aging mechanism and efficient utilization of anti-aging active ingredients in the skin is an excellent strategy to mitigate aging. In this study, ribose/collagen/decarboxylated carnitine hydrochloride/palmitoyl tripeptide-1 compo...
The decline in autophagy disrupts homeostasis in skin cells, leading to oxidative stress, energy deficiency, and inflammation—all key contributors to skin photoaging. Consequently, activating autophagy has become a focal strategy for delaying s...
Pueraria montana var. lobata (Willd.) Maesen & S.M.Almeida ex Sanjappa & Predeep (P. lobata) is a medicinal herb widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries, and studies have shown that P. lobata possesses significant anti-inflammat...
Our previous study indicated that anti-Fas antibody/actinomycin D (AF/AD) induced apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma Bel-7402 cells; however, crosstalk influence between P38MAPK and autophagy on mitochondria-mediated apoptosis induced by AF/...
We used a replicative lifespan (RLS) experiment of K6001 yeast to screen for anti-aging compounds within lavender extract (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.), leading to the discovery of β-cyclocitral (CYC) as a potential anti-aging compound. Concurr...
To confer further therapeutic potential and prevent some adverse effects by the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation, we explored the effects of locally intrarenal arterial administration of hypoxic preconditioned MSCs in the anti-Thy1.1 ind...
Fish bone fermented using Monascus purpureus (FBF) has total phenols and functional amino acids that contribute to its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Colorectal cancer, one of the most prevalent cancers and the third largest cause of...
Melanoma is a malignant tumor that begins in the melanocyte and has the highest mortality rate among all cutaneous tumors. Chinese propolis (CP) has been shown to have a potent antitumor effect against various cancers. In this study, we uncovered the...
Increasing researches have focused on cancer metastasis and development. The ectonucleotidase CD73 is one of the most common cell surface enzymes that are involved in immunosuppression. In this study, the recombinant plasmid pET28a-CD73 was construct...
Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of late-onset blindness in elderly. The occurrence and development of AMD is a multifactorial complex process where autophagy plays an important role. The first-line drugs for ne...
In addition to its well-established neurotrophic action, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) also possesses other neuroprotective effects including anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidation, and suppression of autophagy. We have shown before that BDNF trig...
In recent years, efforts have been made to identify new anti-cancer therapies. Various types of nanomaterials, including silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), are being considered as an option. In addition to its well-known antibacterial activity, AgNPs exhi...
Glutamate-induced neural toxicity in autophagic neuron death is partially mediated by increased oxidative stress. Therefore, reducing oxidative stress in the brain is critical for treating or preventing neurodegenerative diseases. Selaginella tamaris...
Eurycomanone (EN) is one of the representative quassinoid diterpenoids from roots of Eurycoma longifolia Jack, a natural medicine that is widely distributed in Southeast Asia. Previous studies showed that EN induces cancer cell apoptosis and exhibits...
Abstract: Autophagy-related (Atg) gene-encoded proteins were originally described for their crucial role in macroautophagy, a catabolic pathway for cytoplasmic constituent degradation in lysosomes. Recently it has become clear that modules of this ma...
Purpose: To investigate the mechanism by which resveratrol acts upon retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and to characterize its effect upon autophagy, survival, and inflammation, with consequent implications to treatment for age-related macular d...
Skin inflammation, characterized by redness, swelling, and discomfort, is exacerbated by oxidative stress, where compounds like 7-methylsulfonylheptyl isothiocyanate (7-MSI) from cruciferous plants exhibit promising antioxidant and anti-inflammatory...
Silibinin, a dietary cancer chemopreventive flavonoid from the seeds of milk thistle, has been reported to exhibit anti-metastatic effects on renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but the mechanism underlying this phenomenon is not fully understood. The presen...
Patrinia villosa (Thunb.) Juss is a traditional herb commonly used in East Asia including Korea, Japan, and China. It has been administered to reduce and treat inflammation in Donguibogam, Korea. The mechanism for its anti-inflammatory effects has al...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health concern, particularly in Western countries where there is high consumption of processed food. Gut microbiota, intestinal inflammation, and autophagy play pivotal roles in CRC initiation and progression...
In the study, we aimed to show the role of autophagy which acting as a seesaw between apoptosis and necroptosis increasing and decreasing changes in certain vital organs under effects of envenomation by Mesobuthus nigrocinctus and anti-venom administ...
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant tumor in the head and neck. Due to its high malignancy and easy recurrence, the five-year survival rate is only 50–60%. Currently, commonly used chemotherapy drugs for OSCC includ...
Phlorizin (phloridzin) is a polyphenolic phytochemical primarily found in unripe Malus (apple). It is a glucoside of phloretin and acts as an inhibitor of renal glucose transport, thus lowering blood glucose. The objective of this study was to determ...
Pollution-induced skin damage results in oxidative stress; cellular toxicity; inflammation; and, ultimately, premature skin aging. Previous studies suggest that the activation of autophagy can protect oxidation-induced cellular damage and aging-like...
The aging population is steadily increasing, with aging and age-related diseases serving as major risk factors for morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. Peanuts, known as the “longevity nut” in China, have been shown to offer various...
Diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat inflammatory diseases induces cellular toxicity by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impairing autophagic flux. In this study, we investigated whethe...
Background: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignancy marked by rapid progression, early metastasis, and frequent relapse despite chemotherapy. Due to its genetic complexity, targeted therapies have limited success. Autophagy, a lysos...
Virus-infected cells trigger a robust innate immune response and facilitate virus replication. Here, we review the role of autophagy in virus infection, focusing on both pro-viral and anti-viral host responses using a select group of viruses. Autopha...
Cell autophagy is a well-known phenomenon in cancer, which limits the efficacy of cancer therapy, especially cancer starvation therapy. Glucose oxidase (GOx), which is considered as an attractive starvation reagent for cancer therapy, can effectively...
Lidocaine exerts potential anti-tumor effects on various cancer cell lines, and its intravesical instillation is considered safer than intravenous administration for bladder cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying its anti-tumor effects have not b...
Organotin compounds represent potential cancer therapeutics due to their pro-apoptotic action. We recently synthesized the novel organotin ferulic acid derivative tributyltin (IV) ferulate (TBT-F) and demonstrated that it displays anti-tumor properti...
Oral cancer is a malignant tumor that primarily affects areas such as the lips, tongue, buccal mucosa, salivary gland, and gingiva and has a very high malignancy. Piperlongumine (PL), isolated from long pepper (Piper longum L.), is a natural alkaloid...
Chronic liver injury may result in hepatic fibrosis, which can progress to cirrhosis and eventually liver failure. There are no drugs that are specifically approved for treating hepatic fibrosis. The natural product honokiol (HNK), a bioactive compou...
Major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I)-mediated antigen presentation plays a pivotal role in anti-tumor immunity by enabling CD8+ T cells to recognize and eliminate malignant cells. In melanoma, modulation of this pathway is critical for im...
Autophagy, which is a conserved biological process and essential mechanism in maintaining homeostasis and metabolic balance, enables cells to degrade cytoplasmic constituents through lysosomes, recycle nutrients, and survive during starvation. Autoph...
Tumor-derived small extracellular vesicle (sEV) programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) contributes to the low reactivity of cells to immune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICBT), because sEV PD-L1 binds to programmed death 1 (PD-1) in immune cells. However,...
Litchi chinensis Sonnerat is a tropical tree whose fruits contain significant amounts of bioactive polyphenols. Litchi cultivation has recently spread in Sicily where the climate conditions are particularly favorable for this crop. Recent findings ha...
Background/Objectives: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have an established role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) therapy. The loss of HLA-class-I expression allows cancer cell evasion from immune surveillance, disease progression, and failure of im...
PV-10 is a 10% formulation of rose bengal sodium that has potent immunotherapeutic and anti-cancer activity against various tumors, including metastatic melanoma and refractory neuroblastoma. Currently, PV-10 is undergoing clinical testing for refrac...
Sonic hedgehog (Shh), a member of the hedgehog (Hh) family, was originally recognized as a morphogen possessing critical characters for neural development during embryogenesis. Recently, however, Shh has emerged as an important modulator in adult neu...
Autophagy inhibition has been proposed to be a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer, however, few autophagy inhibitors have been developed. Recent studies have indicated that lysosome and autophagy related 4B cysteine peptidase (ATG4B) are two p...
Background: Burn scar pain is considered as neuropathic pain. The anti-inflammation and anti-neuroinflammation effects of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) were observed in several studies. We designed a study using a murine model involving the trans...
Different from normal cells, cancer cells must hyperactivate a variety of integrated responses in order to survive their basal stress or its exacerbation caused by exposure to anti-cancer agents. As cancer cells become particularly dependent on these...
Although surgery or the combination of chemotherapy and radiation are reported to improve the quality of life and reduce symptoms in patients with oral cancer, the prognosis of oral cancer remains generally poor. DNA alkylating agents, such as N-must...
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