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Relationship between Water and Soil Pollution in Terrain and Aquatic...
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Relationship between Water and Soil Pollution in Terrain and Aquatic Systems

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Soil and Water".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2024) | Viewed by 6735

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Nikolay Kasimov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Landscape Geochemistry and Soil Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian
Interests: landscape geochemistry; geochemical barriers; heavy metals and metalloids; soil catena; elements partitioning; aquatic systems; road dust
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Mikhail Lychagin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Landscape Geochemistry and Soil Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian
Interests: environmental geochemistry; soil; water; suspended matter; aquatic systems; snowcover; pollution; heavy metals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The ecological state of soils, surface, and groundwater in areas subject to anthropogenic impact is one of the most important problems of environmental geochemistry. The study of the interaction of these ecosystem components, the processes of migration, and the accumulation of pollutants has been carried out since the 1970s. A large number of publications consider the fate of pollutants in the soil-water system and show the importance of soils for reducing groundwater pollution in cities, industrial centers, and mining areas. The recent decades show the increased attention to the influence of soils in watersheds on the quality of surface waters. Presently, soil and water pollution has received special attention in connection with the problems of food security and public health. This Special Issue aims at identifying current trends in the study of this problem.

Prof. Dr. Nikolay Kasimov
Dr. Mikhail Lychagin
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • soil
  • surface water
  • groundwater
  • interaction
  • pollutants
  • anthropogenic impact
  • environmental geochemistry

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 4207 KiB  
Article
Organic Carbon in the Bottom Sediments of Lake Baikal: Geochemical Processes of Burial and Balance Values
by Tatyana Pogodaeva and Tamara Khodzher
Water 2023, 15(16), 2941; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15162941 - 15 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2519
Abstract
This is the first study of dissolved organic matter (DOM) at the Lake Baikal water-bottom interface. High-resolution profiles of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were obtained simultaneously with dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total dissolved carbon, cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+ [...] Read more.
This is the first study of dissolved organic matter (DOM) at the Lake Baikal water-bottom interface. High-resolution profiles of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were obtained simultaneously with dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total dissolved carbon, cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+, and Mn2+), and anions (HCO3−, Cl−, NO3−, and SO42−) in the pore water of Lake Baikal deepwater oxidized sediments. We evaluated the DOC fluxes quantitatively and qualitatively. They changed their direction twice under different redox conditions in the sediments (at the redox interfaces). The study revealed that the mobilization of DOC in anoxic sediments was closely related to the reductive dissolution of Fe(III) minerals, and the oxidized surface lake sediments represented an effective DOC trap binding DOC to ferric minerals. Redox conditions appeared to be the main regulator of the DOC exchange. Oxygen conditions led to the uptake of DOC by sediments (31–78 mmol C m−2 yr−1), i.e., the Lake Baikal sediments are a sink of DOC. The DOC flux was approximately 25–35% of the carbon flux at the sediment–water interface. The results of this study allow for a better understanding of the nature and properties of DOC in freshwater ecosystems and compensate for the underestimation of DOC in the internal carbon cycle of the lake. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Relationship between Water and Soil Pollution in Terrain and Aquatic Systems)
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18 pages, 4959 KiB  
Article
Background Content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons during Monitoring of Natural and Anthropogenically Transformed Landscapes in the Coastal Area Soils
by Tamara Dudnikova, Tatiana Minkina, Svetlana Sushkova, Andrey Barbashev, Elena Antonenko, Elizaveta Konstantinova, Evgenyi Shuvaev, Dina Nevidomskaya, Artem Ivantsov, Gulnora Bakoeva and Marina Gorbunova
Water 2023, 15(13), 2424; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15132424 - 30 Jun 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2023
Abstract
The large-scale studies of the Lower Don and the Taganrog Bay coastal zone were carried out to determine the background concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils. The content of 15 priority PAHs was determined by saponification method with HPLC detection and [...] Read more.
The large-scale studies of the Lower Don and the Taganrog Bay coastal zone were carried out to determine the background concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils. The content of 15 priority PAHs was determined by saponification method with HPLC detection and varied widely from 77 µg kg−1 to 16,017 µg kg−1 with mean and median values of 1040 µg kg−1 and 406 µg kg−1, respectively. PAHs’ highest concentration level was observed in the soils of the Don River delta and industrial areas of Taganrog city affected by pyrogenic contamination sources. Background monitoring sites were mostly represented with hydromorphic (Fluvisols Salic and Tidalic Fluvisols) and automorphic (Rendzic Leptosols, Mollic Leptosols) soil types in the study area. The PAHs content in the soils of the background plots did not exceed 600 µg kg−1, with a share of low-molecular-weight PAHs: about 50%. Benzo(a)pyrene content did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration (20 µg kg−1), and low-molecular-weight compounds did not exceed the threshold level for the impact of polyarenes. In automorphic soils, naphthalene and phenanthrene (35–54%) dominated in the composition of the low-molecular-weight PAHs compounds, and only phenanthrene (59–70%) dominated in hydromorphic soils. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Relationship between Water and Soil Pollution in Terrain and Aquatic Systems)
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17 pages, 4211 KiB  
Article
Assessing the Combined Pollution and Risks of Potentially Toxic Elements and PAHs in the Urban Soils of the Oldest City in Western Siberia: A Case Study of Tyumen, Russia
by Elizaveta Konstantinova, Tatiana Minkina, Elena Antonenko, Aleksey Sherstnev, Saglara Mandzhieva, Svetlana Sushkova, Vishnu D. Rajput and Alexandr Konstantinov
Water 2023, 15(11), 1996; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15111996 - 24 May 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2373
Abstract
Ensuring the sustainability of modern cities is based on creating comfortable living conditions, including reducing negative environmental impacts. The effects of various types of anthropogenic activity are manifested in a particular decrease in the quality of soils. This study aimed to assess the [...] Read more.
Ensuring the sustainability of modern cities is based on creating comfortable living conditions, including reducing negative environmental impacts. The effects of various types of anthropogenic activity are manifested in a particular decrease in the quality of soils. This study aimed to assess the co-contamination of urban topsoils in Tyumen, Russia, with potentially toxic elements (PTEs), priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and the associated ecological and health risks. A set of 241 soil samples were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence and high-performance liquid chromatography to identify PTEs and PAHs, respectively. The most hazardous substances were Ni, As, Pb, naphthalene (NAP), fluoranthene, and high-molecular-weight PAHs causing low-to-very-high individual pollution. In general, the contribution of PAHs to soil pollution was higher than that of PTEs. It was found that 96% of the samples could be classified as clean according to the total pollution index (Zc), widely used in Russia. At the same time, one-third of the samples were characterized by low-to-high contamination according to the Nemerov pollution index (NPI). Thus, the NPI was more informative for estimating total soil pollution than the Zc. The As, Pb, NAP, and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) contents exceeded the maximum permissible concentrations in soils by an order of magnitude, reaching an extremely dangerous level. However, the average ecological risk was assessed as minimal. Non-carcinogenic risks were predominantly due to PTE exposure and were moderate for children and low for adults. Throughout the city, carcinogenic risks exceeded the threshold but generally corresponded to a low level. The main source of carcinogenic risk was exposure to Co, As, and Pb. In general, the quality of Tyumen soils in terms of the content of PTEs and PAHs can be described as satisfactory. A spatial analysis of soil pollution and associated risks identified hot spots requiring further monitoring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Relationship between Water and Soil Pollution in Terrain and Aquatic Systems)
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16 pages, 1834 KiB  
Article
Contamination of Water and Sediments of Harike Wetland with Phthalate Esters and Associated Risk Assessment
by Gauri Chaudhary, Akanksha Jasrotia, Pushap Raj, Rajanbir Kaur, Arpna Kumari, Vishnu D. Rajput, Tatiana Minkina, Saglara Mandzhieva and Rajinder Kaur
Water 2023, 15(6), 1009; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15061009 - 7 Mar 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3576
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PEs) are esters that are used as plasticizers and are widely known for their contamination and toxicological effects on various environmental matrices. The present study is designed to observe the co-occurrence of phthalate esters and their ecotoxicological and human health risk [...] Read more.
Phthalate esters (PEs) are esters that are used as plasticizers and are widely known for their contamination and toxicological effects on various environmental matrices. The present study is designed to observe the co-occurrence of phthalate esters and their ecotoxicological and human health risk assessments on Harike wetland, Ramsar, a site recognized globally, is the largest freshwater wetland in Northern India. During the winter, summer, and monsoon seasons, samples of the water and sediments were collected. These samples were then analyzed for ubiquitously detected seven PEs as per the literature survey using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography. According to the results, the total PEs content in the water sample ranged from 31.5 to 95.6 mg/L, whereas in the sediments it ranged from 35.1 to 345.2 mg/100 g dw. Prominent levels of PEs in water and sediments from the Harike wetland were discovered when compared to studies from different parts of the world. Based on drinking water consumption there is a potentially high risk of PEs especially benzyl butyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate. Further, as per the US Environmental Protection Agency, chronic values of PEs levels in water and sediments are expected to possess a threat to sensitive organisms present in freshwater ecosystems. As far, as this is a detailed study that described the levels and ecotoxicological risks of PEs and is an important reference for the protection of aquatic organisms in the Harike wetland. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Relationship between Water and Soil Pollution in Terrain and Aquatic Systems)
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Review

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24 pages, 2525 KiB  
Review
Fungal-Based Remediation in the Treatment of Anthropogenic Activities and Pharmaceutical-Pollutant-Contaminated Wastewater
by Sumira Malik, Jutishna Bora, Sagnik Nag, Sweta Sinha, Sagar Mondal, Sarvesh Rustagi, Richismita Hazra, Harshavardhan Kumar, Vishnu D. Rajput, Tatiana Minkina, Najwane Said Sadier and Abdulmajeed G. Almutary
Water 2023, 15(12), 2262; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15122262 - 16 Jun 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 8166
Abstract
Pharmaceutical personal care products (PPCPs) have increased in consumption due to the worldwide post-pandemic situation, marking them as chemical and pathogenic pollutants in significantly higher concentrations than ever in the ecosystem. Considering the inexplicable levels of these chemical residues discharged into the environment, [...] Read more.
Pharmaceutical personal care products (PPCPs) have increased in consumption due to the worldwide post-pandemic situation, marking them as chemical and pathogenic pollutants in significantly higher concentrations than ever in the ecosystem. Considering the inexplicable levels of these chemical residues discharged into the environment, concerns have been raised regarding their probable ecotoxicity to marine and terrestrial life. A further concern is the potential for developing and spreading antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and genes in aquatic ecosystems due to antibiotic exposure. Hence, knowing how these compounds impact aquatic ecosystem functioning is imperative, and thus is a critical area of research. The ecological risk analysis of PPCPs in aquatic ecosystems has been carried out using various strategies. Previous studies have reported numerous approaches for eliminating these PPCPs, including conventional treatment methods, activated sludge processes, generated wetlands, biological remediation, sequencing batch reactors, phytoremediation, and membrane bioreactors. In terms of green biotechnology approaches, the current research aims to discover effective procedures for removing PPCPs and their emerging resources as pollutants. Therefore, this review focuses on the over-extensive utilization of PPCPs and their emergent sources responsible for the contamination and environmental threat for future wastewater purposes. Further, as fungi and their enzymes and derivatives can remove pharmaceuticals and personal care products from wastewater through oxidation and several processes, they have attracted the attention of the scientific community due to their ability to remove PPCPs as pollutants and their status as emerging resources in wastewater. This review examines the fundamental approach and progress of the bioremediation of pharmaceutical- and personal-care-contaminated wastewater using fungal-based systems. It also discusses mechanistic approaches through hybridizing cultures and other biological systems with fungal strains, current technologies, and prospects for future research on PPCPs in wastewater treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Relationship between Water and Soil Pollution in Terrain and Aquatic Systems)
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