Chronic Viral Infections and Cancer: Openings for Vaccines and Cure

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2026 | Viewed by 982

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
Interests: chronic viral infections and associated cancer; human immunodeficiency virus type 1; human hepatitis C virus; oxidative stress; T cell response; B cell response; DNA vaccines
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Guest Editor
International Vaccine Institute (IVI), Stockholm, Sweden
Interests: vaccines; virology; immunology; infectious diseases; viral vectors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Specific human virus infections are the primary cause of cancer. These viral infections are estimated to lead to about 10% of the global cancer burden. Key oncogenic viruses include Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Human papillomaviruses (HPV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), Human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1), Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), and Human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8). HPVs exist in hundreds of genotypes, of which at least 14 are of high oncogenic risk (HR) and cause cancer in men and women, including anal, cervical, penile, throat, vaginal, and vulvar cancer. HR HPV- and HBV-associated cancers are the only cancers which currently can be prevented by prophylactic vaccination. HCV is a significant cause of liver cancer, but lacks a vaccine, although it can be treated with antiviral drugs. EBV is linked to several lymphomas and stomach cancer, and there is currently no vaccine for it. HIV-1, while not a direct cause of cancer, weakens the immune system and facilitates the development of cancers, with no available vaccine.

Understanding these oncogenic viruses has paved the way for interventions such as vaccines, screening for persistent infections, and antiviral therapies. Identifying additional oncogenic viruses and uncovering their mechanisms will further enhance preventive and therapeutic strategies against viral infections and related cancers.

This Special Issue welcomes submissions of experimental papers, short communications, reviews, and activity reports focusing on the above issues. Cordial invitation to submit is addressed to the speakers of the international online conference “Chronic viral infections and cancer, openings for vaccines and cure” VIRCAN2024 held at Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia, November 21–22, 2024 (https://www.rsu.lv/en/vircan2024-conference).

Dr. Maria G. Isaguliants
Dr. Karl Ljungberg
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • chronic viral infection
  • oncogenic viruses
  • hepatitis B virus
  • high risk human papillomaviruses
  • hepatitis C virus
  • epstein–barr virus
  • human immunodeficiency virus type I
  • cancer associated with viral infection
  • immunotherapy
  • prophylactic viral vaccines
  • therapeutic viral vaccines

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Conference Report
Online Conference “Chronic Viral Infections and Cancer, Openings for Vaccines and Cure” VIRCAN2024, Monitoring the Progress
by Liba Sokolovska, Juris Jansons, Franco M. Buonaguro and Maria Isaguliants
Vaccines 2025, 13(9), 940; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines13090940 - 2 Sep 2025
Viewed by 518
Abstract
Chronic viral infections and virus-induced cancers have been actively studied for decades, with many significant advancements in basic science, disease cure, treatment, and prevention. Yet, today, these infections and pathologies remain major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. The international online conference “VIRCAN2024: [...] Read more.
Chronic viral infections and virus-induced cancers have been actively studied for decades, with many significant advancements in basic science, disease cure, treatment, and prevention. Yet, today, these infections and pathologies remain major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. The international online conference “VIRCAN2024: Chronic viral infections and cancer, openings for Vaccines and Cure” aimed to address the remaining issues, present the research carried out in this broad field, and prognose directions for its development. The conference covered oncogenicity mechanisms and new approaches in the development of treatments and vaccines. VIRCAN2024 was held on the platform of Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia. The conference was supported by the Latvian Science Council grant “Human papillomavirus genome associated correlates of disease progression and treatment response for cervical neoplasms and cancer”, and the scientific journal Vaccines (MDPI). This report summarizes the lectures and presentations given at the conference. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chronic Viral Infections and Cancer: Openings for Vaccines and Cure)
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