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Vaccines
Special Issues
Immunology and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Infection
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Immunology and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Infection

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 October 2024) | Viewed by 4621

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Syed Sayeem Uddin Ahmed

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
Interests: infectious disease epidemiology and ecology
Dr. Md Bashir Uddin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX 77555, USA
2. Department of Medicine, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
Interests: immunology of infectious diseases; host-pathogen interaction; antiviral agents; antimicrobial resistance; vaccine; molecular epidemiology and zoonoses

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special issue section “Immunology and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and infection” address an extended forum to advancing knowledge on the biological, immunological and epidemiological aspects of infections caused by pathogens; new insights into the mechanisms of infection; interactions of virulence factors with host cells; innate and adaptive immunity to infection; development of vaccines against pathogens that may lead to better diagnostic tools for prevention in epidemiology and Immunology of infectious diseases. This section combines original research articles and reviews on all aspects of infection in humans and animals. 

We sincerely welcome the scientific community contribution to the research on the infectious diseases immune system, epidemiology and its related infections.

Dr. Syed Sayeem Uddin Ahmed
Dr. Md Bashir Uddin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • innate and adaptive immunity
  • cytokines storm and inflammation
  • pathogenic mechanisms
  • vaccines and immunotherapies
  • diagnosis, prevention and control of infection and disease
  • epidemiology

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1055 KiB  
Article
The Immunological and Epidemiological Effectiveness of Pediatric Single-Dose Vaccination against Hepatitis A 9 to 11 Years after Its Implementation in the Tyva Republic, the Russian Federation
by Maria A. Lopatukhina, Karen K. Kyuregyan, Anastasia A. Karlsen, Fedor A. Asadi Mobarkhan, Ilya A. Potemkin, Vera S. Kichatova, Olga V. Isaeva, Lyudmila Yu. Ilchenko, Anna A. Saryglar and Mikhail I. Mikhailov
Vaccines 2024, 12(8), 907; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12080907 - 10 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1616
Abstract
Since 2012, universal single-dose HAV vaccination in children aged 3 years and older has been implemented in the Tyva Republic, a region of the Russian Federation. The aim of this prospective non-interventional observational single-center study was to determine the immunological and epidemiological effectiveness [...] Read more.
Since 2012, universal single-dose HAV vaccination in children aged 3 years and older has been implemented in the Tyva Republic, a region of the Russian Federation. The aim of this prospective non-interventional observational single-center study was to determine the immunological and epidemiological effectiveness of single-dose vaccination against hepatitis A 9 to 11 years after its implementation. The anti-HAV IgG antibodies were determined in two independent cohorts of children who were vaccinated with a single dose of monovalent pediatric inactivated vaccine (HAVRIX® 720 EU) in Tyva in 2012 and recruited 9 years (Year 9 Cohort) and 11 years (Year 11 Cohort) after immunization. The seroprotection rates defined as anti-HAV antibody concentrations ≥10 mIU/mL reached 99.4% (95% CI: 98.2–99.9% [501/504]) in the Year 9 Cohort, but decreased significantly to 75.4% (95% CI: 73.0–77.6% [1006/1335]) in the Year 11 Cohort (p < 0.0001). The anti-HAV geometric mean concentrations decreased from 1446.3 mIU/mL (95% CI: 1347.1–1545.4 mIU/mL) in the Year 9 Cohort to 282.6 mIU/mL (95% CI: 203.8–360.8, p < 0.0001) in the Year 11 Cohort. The HAV vaccination program resulted in zero rates of hepatitis A incidence in the Tyva Republic since 2016. However, the limited monitoring of HAV RNA in sewage and environmental samples demonstrated the ongoing circulation of both the regional epidemic strain of HAV genotype IA and another genotype IA strain imported recently from other parts of the Russian Federation, probably due to subclinical infections in non-vaccinated children under 3 years of age. Taken together, these data indicate the effectiveness of the single-dose HAV vaccination strategy but suggest the need to expand the vaccination program to include children aged 12 months and older to achieve maximum effectiveness. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunology and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Infection)
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15 pages, 1297 KiB  
Article
The Burden of Streptococcus pneumoniae-Related Admissions and In-Hospital Mortality: A Retrospective Observational Study between the Years 2015 and 2022 from a Southern Italian Province
by Fabrizio Cedrone, Vincenzo Montagna, Livio Del Duca, Laura Camplone, Riccardo Mazzocca, Federica Carfagnini, Valterio Fortunato and Giuseppe Di Martino
Vaccines 2023, 11(8), 1324; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11081324 - 4 Aug 2023
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2125
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) has high worldwide incidence and related morbidity and mortality, particularly among children and geriatric patients. SP infection could manifest with pneumonia, bacteremia, sepsis, meningitis, and osteomyelitis. This was a retrospective study aimed at evaluating the incidence, comorbidities, and factors associated [...] Read more.
Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) has high worldwide incidence and related morbidity and mortality, particularly among children and geriatric patients. SP infection could manifest with pneumonia, bacteremia, sepsis, meningitis, and osteomyelitis. This was a retrospective study aimed at evaluating the incidence, comorbidities, and factors associated with in-hospital mortality of pneumococcal disease-related hospitalization in a province in southern Italy from the years 2015 to 2022. This study was performed in the Local Health Authority (LHA) of Pescara. Data were collected from hospital discharge records (HDRs): this database is composed of 288,110 discharge records from LHA Pescara’s hospitals from 2015 to 2022. Streptococcus Pneumoniae-related hospitalizations were about 5% of the hospitalizations; 67% of these were without comorbidities; 21% were with one comorbidity; and 13% were with two or more comorbidities. Regarding mortality of SP infection, the most affected age group was older people, with the percentage of cases among the over-65s being more than 50% compared to the other age groups. HDRs represent a valid and useful epidemiological tool for evaluating the direct impact of pneumococcal disease on the population and also indirectly for evaluating the effectiveness of vaccination strategies and directing them. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunology and Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Infection)
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