Genotoxic and Carcinogenic Potential of Emerging Mycotoxins

A special issue of Toxins (ISSN 2072-6651). This special issue belongs to the section "Mycotoxins".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2024) | Viewed by 1503

Special Issue Editors

Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Interests: genetic toxicology; epigenetic alternations; ecotoxicology; cyanotoxins; advanced model systems in genetic toxicology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Interests: cyanobacterial toxins; genetic toxicology; in vitro; advanced 3D cell models; toxicogenomics; ecotoxicology; combined exposures
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Human exposure to mycotoxins is likely to increase due to climate change. Regulatory guidelines and maximum levels exist and are already enforced for known mycotoxins. However, currently unregulated, so-called “emerging mycotoxins” are also frequently accruing in agricultural products and in the human environment. There are significant data gaps regarding the genotoxic effects and potential carcinogenicity of emerging mycotoxins, and consequently, concern has been raised about their potential adverse effects, particularly following chronic exposure to low doses as humans may be exposed to mycotoxins, contaminating food, feed, and indoor environments, over a significant portion of their lifespan. To fill the knowledge gaps and establish appropriate safety measures for the protection of human and animal health, and the environment, evaluation of emerging mycotoxins with regard to their genotoxic and carcinogenic potential is urgently needed.

This Special Issue addresses research on the genotoxic and carcinogenic potential of mycotoxins and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms, focusing on emerging mycotoxins such as enniatins, beauvericin, moniliformin, fusaproliferin, Alternaria toxins (alterinariol, phomopsin A, etc.), and other emerging mycotoxins.

Dr. Alja Štern
Dr. Bojana Žegura
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • emerging mycotoxins
  • toxicity
  • genotoxicity
  • carcinogenic potential
  • mechanisms of action
  • risk assessment

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 783 KiB  
Article
In Vivo Genotoxicity and Toxicity Assessment of Sterigmatocystin Individually and in Mixture with Aflatoxin B1
by Maria Alonso-Jauregui, Adela López de Cerain, Amaya Azqueta, Adriana Rodriguez-Garraus, Ana Gloria Gil, Elena González-Peñas and Ariane Vettorazzi
Toxins 2023, 15(8), 491; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins15080491 - 03 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 987
Abstract
Mycotoxins are natural food and feed contaminants produced by several molds. The primary mode of exposure in humans and animals is through mixtures. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and sterigmatocystin (STER) are structurally related mycotoxins that share the same biosynthetic route. Few in vivo genotoxicity [...] Read more.
Mycotoxins are natural food and feed contaminants produced by several molds. The primary mode of exposure in humans and animals is through mixtures. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and sterigmatocystin (STER) are structurally related mycotoxins that share the same biosynthetic route. Few in vivo genotoxicity assays have been performed with STER. In the present genotoxicity study, Wistar rats were dosed orally with STER (20 mg/kg b.w.), AFB1 (0.25 mg/kg b.w.) or a mixture of both in an integrated micronucleus (bone marrow) and comet study (liver and kidney). STER was dosed at the highest feasible dose in corn oil. No increase in the percentage of micronuclei in bone marrow was observed at any condition. Slight DNA damage was detected in the livers of animals treated with AFB1 or the mixture (DNA strand breaks and Fpg (Formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase)-sensitive sites, respectively). Plasma, liver, and kidney samples were analyzed with LC-MS/MS demonstrating exposure to both mycotoxins. General toxicity parameters (organs absolute weight, biochemistry, and histopathology) were not altered either individually or in the mixture. The overall absence of individual genotoxicity did not allow us to set any type of interaction in the mixture. However, a possible toxicokinetic interaction was observed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genotoxic and Carcinogenic Potential of Emerging Mycotoxins)
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