Special Issue in Honor of Prof. Richard J. Lewis: From Ciguatera to Conotoxin Research

A special issue of Toxins (ISSN 2072-6651). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Venoms".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 464

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Toxins is very pleased to be hosting a Special Issue in honor of Prof. Richard J. Lewis, from the Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland (Australia), acknowledging his major scientific contributions to ciguatera (fish poisoning) and conotoxin research.

Prof. Richard J. Lewis completed his PhD on the isolation and pharmacology of ciguatoxins in 1985, and continues to remain active in this field to this day. In 1995 he expanded his research interests to venom peptides isolated from cone snails, known as conotoxins. Since then, he has rapidly grown into a world-renowned leader in the discovery and pharmacological characterization of conotoxins, as well as pursued the commercial opportunities associated with his research. Through intellectual property developed in his laboratory and the spin-off company Xenome Ltd, he led the clinical development of AM336 and Xen2174, two new molecules for intractable chronic and neuropathic pain.

Throughout his career, Prof. Richard J. Lewis has contributed many original papers (>300) that have had a significant impact on the fields of both ciguatoxins and venom peptides, such as those investigating the mechanism of ciguatera-induced cold allodynia, the separate evolution of predatory and defensive venoms in cone snails, identifying new pharmacological families of conotoxins, and pioneering venomics technologies.

Thus, this Special Issue aims to gather and highlight significant advancements in both ciguatera and conotoxin research.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Sebastien Dutertre
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • ciguatera
  • conotoxin
  • fish venom
  • Richard J. Lewis

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

23 pages, 935 KiB  
Review
Reviewing Evidence for Disturbance to Coral Reefs Increasing the Risk of Ciguatera
by Michael J. Holmes and Richard J. Lewis
Toxins 2025, 17(4), 195; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins17040195 - 11 Apr 2025
Viewed by 227
Abstract
The hypothesis that disturbance to coral reefs creates new surfaces that increase the risk of ciguatera is premised upon the increased algal substrates that develop on these surfaces being colonised by high ciguatoxin (CTX)-producing Gambierdiscus species that proliferate and enter the ciguatera food [...] Read more.
The hypothesis that disturbance to coral reefs creates new surfaces that increase the risk of ciguatera is premised upon the increased algal substrates that develop on these surfaces being colonised by high ciguatoxin (CTX)-producing Gambierdiscus species that proliferate and enter the ciguatera food chain. Current evidence indicates that new algal substrates are indeed rapidly colonised by Gambierdiscus. However, the requirement that these Gambierdiscus species include at least one that is a significant (high) CTX-producer is more likely a limiting step. While ambient environmental conditions impact the capacity of Gambierdiscus to bloom, factors that limit the growth of the bloom could influence (typically increase) the flux of CTX entering marine food chains. Additionally, new algal substrates on damaged reefs can be preferentially grazed to funnel ciguatoxins from Gambierdiscus to herbivores in disturbed reef areas. In societies consuming second trophic level species (herbivores, grazers, and detritivores), such funnelling of CTX would increase the risk of ciguatera, although such risk would be partially offset over time by growth (toxin-dilution) and depuration. Here, we review evidence for six potential mechanisms to increase ciguatera risk from disturbance to coral reefs and suggest a hypothesis where ecosystem changes could increase the flux of CTX to groupers through a shift in predation from predominately feeding on planktonic-feeding prey to mostly feeding on benthic-feeding prey, increasing the potential for CTX to accumulate. Evidence for this hypothesis is stronger for the Pacific and Indian Oceans, and it may not apply to the Caribbean Sea/Atlantic Ocean. Full article
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