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Food and Agroindustrial Waste Trends and Prospective towards Circular Bioeconomy
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Food and Agroindustrial Waste Trends and Prospective towards Circular Bioeconomy

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2021) | Viewed by 17000

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Antonia Terpou

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Food Biotechnology Group, Section of Analytical Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras GR-26500, Greece
Interests: Food biotechnology; Food microbiology; Functional food; Novel foods; Healthy beverages; Fermentation technology; agro-industrial waste valorization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The increasing population along with rapid depletion of non-renewable resources are considered nowadays as major driving forces to radically change our production and consumption approaches. It has been estimated that around one-third of the produced food is wasted worldwide as industrial by-product, posing not only a sustainability problem related to food security but also an environmental hazard. Focusing on innovative techniques regarding processing, storage, and waste remediation, bio-based industries are leading the transition towards a more sustainable bioeconomy worldwide. Likewise, the scientific community has recently focused on valorization of a wide range of by-products like sugar-based, starch-based, lignocellulose, algal biomass, and waste-derived feedstocks to produce a wide range of added-value by-products, novel foods, biofuels, and other significant products within a biorefinery perspective. The main question of this approach is whether food technological advances and food waste management can facilitate the accomplishment of sustainable development goals. Can all scientific approaches be applied by the industrial community?

This Special Issue focuses on food and agroindustrial waste innovations towards sustainable future applications. We sincerely invite you to submit high-quality original research, review articles, and opinions related to the aforementioned topics.

Dr. Antonia Terpou
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 2130 KiB  
Article
Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste, Brewery Waste, and Agricultural Residues in an Off-Grid Continuous Reactor
by Kimberley E. Miller, Tess Herman, Dimas A. Philipinanto and Sarah C. Davis
Sustainability 2021, 13(12), 6509; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126509 - 08 Jun 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2849
Abstract
Small-scale anaerobic digestion (AD) can be an effective organic waste management system that also provides energy for small businesses and rural communities. This study measured fuel production from digestions of single and mixed feedstocks using an unheated, 2 m3 digester operated continuously [...] Read more.
Small-scale anaerobic digestion (AD) can be an effective organic waste management system that also provides energy for small businesses and rural communities. This study measured fuel production from digestions of single and mixed feedstocks using an unheated, 2 m3 digester operated continuously in a temperate climate for over three years. Using local food waste, brewery waste, grease waste, and agricultural residues, this study determined that small-scale AD co-digestions were almost always higher yielding than single feedstocks during psychrophilic operation and seasonal temperature transitions. Agricultural residues from Miscanthus x giganteus had the greatest impact on biomethane production during co-digestion (4.7-fold greater average biogas %CH4), while mesophilic digestion of brewery waste alone produced the most biogas (0.76 gCH4 gVS−1 d−1). Biogas production during the transition from mesophilic to psychrophilic was temporarily maintained at levels similar to mesophilic digestions, particularly during co-digestions, but biogas quality declined during these temperature shifts. Full-time operation of small-scale, unheated AD systems could be feasible in temperate climates if feedstock is intentionally amended to stabilize carbon content. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food and Agroindustrial Waste Trends and Prospective towards Circular Bioeconomy)
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20 pages, 2016 KiB  
Article
Quality Evaluation of Winery By-Products from Ionian Islands Grape Varieties in the Concept of Circular Bioeconomy
by Marinos Xagoraris, Ioanna Oikonomou, Dimitra Daferera, Charalambos Kanakis, Iliada K. Lappa, Charilaos Giotis, Christos S. Pappas, Petros A. Tarantilis and Efstathia Skotti
Sustainability 2021, 13(10), 5454; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105454 - 13 May 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2768
Abstract
The aim of this work was the study and evaluation of winery by-products in the framework of the circular bioeconomy. Grape seeds and grape skins from Greek Ionian Islands varieties were analyzed in an attempt to provide the appropriate basis for model development [...] Read more.
The aim of this work was the study and evaluation of winery by-products in the framework of the circular bioeconomy. Grape seeds and grape skins from Greek Ionian Islands varieties were analyzed in an attempt to provide the appropriate basis for model development of their sustainable exploitation at a local or regional level. The by-products were collected directly from the wineries immediately after the vinification process and were analyzed by chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. In addition, annual production and yields were estimated. Grape seed oil quality was evaluated based on fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) composition. The grape skins’ phenolic fraction was extracted by an eco-friendly, nontoxic water-glycerol solvent system and was detected qualitatively. In addition, total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (ABTS, DPPH) were measured. Based on estimated yields, our results demonstrate that winery by-products have the potential to promote the cyclical bioeconomy in a modern economic growth model that will reduce by-products and environmental costs as they can be reused as whole material in foods, dietary supplements, cosmetic ingredients, food colorants, and preservatives. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food and Agroindustrial Waste Trends and Prospective towards Circular Bioeconomy)
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17 pages, 5068 KiB  
Article
Vacuum Microwave-Assisted Aqueous Extraction of Polyphenolic Compounds from Avocado (Persea Americana) Solid Waste
by Prodromos Skenderidis, Stefanos Leontopoulos, Konstantinos Petrotos and Ioannis Giavasis
Sustainability 2021, 13(4), 2166; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13042166 - 18 Feb 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 1918
Abstract
The extraction efficacy of avocado fruit peels (AP) and seeds (AS) with the use of vacuum microwave-assisted aqueous extraction (VMAAE) was optimized in this study, with regard to extract’s total phenolic content (TPC), maximum antioxidant activity and minimal operational cost. Temperature (79.64 and [...] Read more.
The extraction efficacy of avocado fruit peels (AP) and seeds (AS) with the use of vacuum microwave-assisted aqueous extraction (VMAAE) was optimized in this study, with regard to extract’s total phenolic content (TPC), maximum antioxidant activity and minimal operational cost. Temperature (79.64 and 78.11 °C for AP and 43.90 and 45.26 °C for AS), time (11.89 and 11.75 min for AP, 10.18 and 10.28 min for AS), ratio of water to raw material (16.45% and 10.02% for AP, 38.73% and 37.65% for AS) and microwave power (5708.04 and 5699.10 W for AP, 5549.08 and 4797.29 W for AS) were estimated statistically as the optimal conditions in order to achieve high rates of extracts with high TPC and antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH●) scavenging radical methods, respectively. VMAAE performed under these conditions resulted in received extracts with TPC (0.352 gallic acid equivalent-GAE/g fresh AP/min and 0.124 GAE/g fresh AS/min). Furthermore, it was calculated the DPPH● radical scavenging activity was equal to 100 mg/L expressed in L of 0.104 L/min for AP and 0.045 L/min for AS. The results of our study may give a promising solution to avocado processing companies for further utilization of their waste. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food and Agroindustrial Waste Trends and Prospective towards Circular Bioeconomy)
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15 pages, 1697 KiB  
Article
Assessing the Economic Viability of an Animal Byproduct Rendering Plant: Case Study of a Slaughterhouse in Greece
by Dimitris Zagklis, Eva Konstantinidou, Constantina Zafiri and Michael Kornaros
Sustainability 2020, 12(14), 5870; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145870 - 21 Jul 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3573
Abstract
Continuous human population growth has led to increased livestock production and hence large quantities of animal byproducts. One of the oldest and most efficient animal byproducts processing techniques is rendering, which facilitates the recovery of resources in the form of fat and protein [...] Read more.
Continuous human population growth has led to increased livestock production and hence large quantities of animal byproducts. One of the oldest and most efficient animal byproducts processing techniques is rendering, which facilitates the recovery of resources in the form of fat and protein flour. The purpose of this study is to provide data for the feasibility of rendering as a treatment method. The case of a Greek slaughterhouse is presented, regarding its animal byproduct treatment process through rendering and incineration. Three different waste management scenarios are compared, with rendering proving to have a lower operational cost (€51.80/ton) compared to incineration (€74.10/ton), and rendering followed by incineration (€72.13/ton). The rendering process is then compared with other established animal byproduct treatment methods like composting and anaerobic digestion through the analytic hierarchy process, in terms of environmental, economic, and technological efficiency, with rendering (having a final score of 72%) proving once again superior compared to composting (with a score of 54%), and anaerobic digestion (with a score of 55%). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food and Agroindustrial Waste Trends and Prospective towards Circular Bioeconomy)
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12 pages, 1557 KiB  
Article
Hydroglycerolic Solvent and Ultrasonication Pretreatment: A Green Blend for High-Efficiency Extraction of Salvia fruticosa Polyphenols
by Spyros Grigorakis, Abedalghani Halahlah and Dimitris P. Makris
Sustainability 2020, 12(12), 4840; https://doi.org/10.3390/su12124840 - 13 Jun 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2074
Abstract
Salvia fruticosa Miller, also known as Cretan or Greek sage, is a medicinal plant with significant biological properties, which are largely ascribed to its polyphenolic composition, but there is to-date a scarcity of green and sustainable processes for efficient polyphenol extraction from this [...] Read more.
Salvia fruticosa Miller, also known as Cretan or Greek sage, is a medicinal plant with significant biological properties, which are largely ascribed to its polyphenolic composition, but there is to-date a scarcity of green and sustainable processes for efficient polyphenol extraction from this plant. The objective of this study was the implementation of an extraction process that would combine a green solvent based on glycerol, a biodiesel industry by-product, and ultrasonication pretreatment. Ultrasonication for 40 min followed by stirred-tank extraction was shown to provide significantly higher total polyphenol yield than mere stirred-tank extraction, while kinetics indicated 50 °C as the most favorable temperature, with the yield being 92 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per g dry mass. Comparison of this method with a previously developed one that used methyl β-cyclodextrin revealed that the extracts obtained had similar antioxidant activity, and yield in major polyphenols including luteolin 7-O-glucuronide and rosmarinic acid was virtually equal. The current process is proposed as a sustainable and effective methodology for the generation of polyphenol-enriched extracts from S. fruticosa, which could be used as effective food antioxidants/antimicrobials and/or cosmetic constituents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food and Agroindustrial Waste Trends and Prospective towards Circular Bioeconomy)
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Review

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17 pages, 897 KiB  
Review
Food Industries Wastewater Recycling for Biodiesel Production through Microalgal Remediation
by Amit, Divakar Dahiya, Uttam K. Ghosh, Poonam S. Nigam and Amit K. Jaiswal
Sustainability 2021, 13(15), 8267; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13158267 - 23 Jul 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2934
Abstract
This article is an overview of a biosystem of food-industry wastewater (WW) treatment using microalgae towards circular bioeconomy through biosynthesis of compounds of added-value. Focusing on circular bioeconomy with concern to environmental pollution, the management of water-resource and energy-crisis could be combined; by [...] Read more.
This article is an overview of a biosystem of food-industry wastewater (WW) treatment using microalgae towards circular bioeconomy through biosynthesis of compounds of added-value. Focusing on circular bioeconomy with concern to environmental pollution, the management of water-resource and energy-crisis could be combined; by upgrading conventional WW treatment and simultaneously producing a renewable and sustainable source of energy algal-lipids for biodiesel production. Phyco-remediation of food WW using microalgae has revealed many advantages that can fulfill new demands for the WW treatment. WWs can be valuable resources of micronutrients and organic content (carbon source) for algal cultivation. In this review, prospective routes for the production of value-added compounds (polysaccharides, amino acids, biofuels, and biopigments) along with the bioremediation of food industry WW have been discussed. Furthermore, limitations and issues of phyco-remediation of WW using microalgae have also been reviewed with perspectives for further research and development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Food and Agroindustrial Waste Trends and Prospective towards Circular Bioeconomy)
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