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Transportation Decarbonization: Advanced Vehicle Technologies and Their Social, Economic, and Environmental Impacts

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2023) | Viewed by 11894

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Shiqi(Shawn) Ou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Buildings and Transportation Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA
Interests: quantitative modeling;‬ ‪transportation energy; decarbonization‬
Dr. Xin He

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Aramco Americas, Aramco Research Center-Detroit, Novi, MI, USA
Interests: mobility and energy transition analysis; techno-economic and life cycle analysis of transport technologies; advanced vehicle and clean fuel technologies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Xu Hao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 10083, China
Interests: transportation carbon neutrality; big data analysis of electric vehicle travel pattern; electric vehicle market and policy analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

By the end of 2020, more than 110 countries had committed to a net-zero carbon emissions goal to realize the Paris Agreement commitment that limits global warming below 1.5 °C compared to pre-industrial levels by mid-century. The transportation sector, especially the on-road vehicle sector, has been one of the largest emitters of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Therefore, achieving a far-reaching target on decarbonization requires vast investment in advanced vehicle technologies, a transition in policy orientation, and structural adjustments in industrial strategy. Various powertrain pathways, such as electrification, hydrogen fuel-cell, and internal combustion engines using zero-carbon fuels, are explored in different countries, paving the way for a revolutionary transition from the current petroleum-based to a more sustainable and decarbonized transportation system. These practices bring challenges and opportunities to advanced vehicle technologies (e.g., battery materials, connected autonomous vehicles), new transportation mode choices (e.g., shared mobility), and the supply chains of natural resources.

In this Special Issue, we are looking for leading research on advanced technologies, industrial strategies and policies for deep decarbonization, and their social and environmental impacts from the vehicle industry. These studies should be quantitative and focus on transportation decarbonization. Relevant topics include:

  • Challenges and opportunities in advanced battery materials, electric vehicles, hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles, internal combustion engine using zero-carbon fuels, and other decarbonized technologies in vehicle use;
  • Intelligent application and optimization of low- and zero-carbon powertrain technologies combining with electricity (V2X), hydrogen, or other renewable power sources;
  • Impacts of autonomous driving and shared mobility on transportation mode choices and decarbonization;
  • Lifecycle analysis for improving the measurement of transportation decarbonization;
  • Social and environmental impacts and practices of the industrial strategies and government policies on vehicle decarbonization.

Dr. Shiqi(Shawn) Ou
Dr. Xin He
Dr. Xu Hao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • advanced vehicle technologies
  • transportation decarbonization
  • greenhouse gas emission
  • social and environmental impacts
  • transportation policy

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 5160 KiB  
Article
Life Cycle Emissions of Passenger Vehicles in China: A Sensitivity Analysis of Multiple Influencing Factors
by Haoyi Zhang, Fuquan Zhao, Han Hao and Zongwei Liu
Sustainability 2023, 15(6), 4854; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15064854 - 9 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1658
Abstract
To reduce greenhouse gas emissions from passenger vehicles, new energy vehicles are actively promoted by China’s government. Various power system types are being developed and their sales keep increasing. However, there is uncertainty about the greenhouse gas emission of different vehicle types. This [...] Read more.
To reduce greenhouse gas emissions from passenger vehicles, new energy vehicles are actively promoted by China’s government. Various power system types are being developed and their sales keep increasing. However, there is uncertainty about the greenhouse gas emission of different vehicle types. This paper studies the life cycle carbon emissions of passenger vehicles in China. A calculation model is established with consideration of all types of power systems, model classes, and electric driving ranges. In order to calculate and compare the effect of carbon emission reduction on all types of vehicles, a sensitivity analysis is conducted in two ways to study three of the main influencing factors. The results show the carbon emission-reducing effect of different factors on different stages in the life cycle. It is known that different influencing factors have different effects on these stages. Since there is a variation in different vehicle types, the carbon reduction effect caused by these factors is different for these vehicle types. This paper describes a sensitivity analysis of three main influencing factors and puts forward relevant policy recommendations to reduce the carbon emissions of passenger cars during their life cycle based on these results. It is necessary to take the vehicle life cycle as a whole for carbon emission management. The conclusions of this paper can be used for vehicle manufacturers to decide the focus of technology research, and also have important reference significance for enterprises when making life cycle carbon reduction strategies for their products. It is also of certain value for China to formulate a medium- and long-term carbon emission reduction strategy for the passenger car industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transportation Decarbonization: Advanced Vehicle Technologies and Their Social, Economic, and Environmental Impacts)
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14 pages, 1725 KiB  
Article
Cradle-to-Grave Lifecycle Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Light-Duty Passenger Vehicles in China: Towards a Carbon-Neutral Future
by Yu Gan, Zifeng Lu, Xin He, Michael Wang and Amer Ahmad Amer
Sustainability 2023, 15(3), 2627; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032627 - 1 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2593
Abstract
Vehicle electrification is considered a pathway for on-road transportation decarbonization in China. Different from the conventional gasoline vehicles whose emissions are mainly released from vehicle tailpipes, emissions of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are from the upstream processes of electricity generation and vehicle manufacturing, [...] Read more.
Vehicle electrification is considered a pathway for on-road transportation decarbonization in China. Different from the conventional gasoline vehicles whose emissions are mainly released from vehicle tailpipes, emissions of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are from the upstream processes of electricity generation and vehicle manufacturing, thus a comprehensive lifecycle analysis and comparison of BEVs with gasoline vehicles is required to quantify the emission mitigation benefit of vehicle electrification and determine the path to a carbon-neutral future. In the study, we compare the cradle-to-grave (C2G) lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions of gasoline and electric vehicles in China and analyze the greenhouse gas emission reduction of vehicle electrification in different provinces. Results show that under the current technologies, the national average C2G GHG emissions for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) of 100 miles (i.e., 160 km) and 300 miles (i.e., 480 km) all-electric range (AER) are 231 and 279 g CO2eq/km, respectively, 22% and 5% lower than those for gasoline internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). Improving vehicle fuel efficiency by hybridizing gasoline ICEVs can effectively reduce C2G emissions to 212 g CO2eq/km. At the provincial level, C2G GHG emissions of BEVs vary according to the provincial electricity mix. In eight provinces, C2G GHG emissions of BEVs with 300 miles AER (BEV300s) are higher than those of gasoline ICEVs due to the GHG-intensive coal-based electricity mix. In the future scenario, with low carbon fuels (such as high-level bioethanol blending gasoline) and electricity decarbonization, the national average C2G emissions of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and BEV300s can be reduced to 55 and 73 g CO2eq/km, respectively. Further decrease of C2G GHG emissions relies on reducing vehicle-cycle emissions from material processing and vehicle component manufacturing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transportation Decarbonization: Advanced Vehicle Technologies and Their Social, Economic, and Environmental Impacts)
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15 pages, 1972 KiB  
Article
Electric Car Market Analysis Using Open Data: Sales, Volatility Assessment, and Forecasting
by Dmitry V. Pelegov and Jean-Jacques Chanaron
Sustainability 2023, 15(1), 399; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15010399 - 26 Dec 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 5025
Abstract
In the context of the growing popularity of electric cars, it is important to track the sustainability of this emerging industry. This work presents the results of electric vehicle sales up to and including 2021, proposes volatility assessment and short-term forecasting using normalized [...] Read more.
In the context of the growing popularity of electric cars, it is important to track the sustainability of this emerging industry. This work presents the results of electric vehicle sales up to and including 2021, proposes volatility assessment and short-term forecasting using normalized monthly sales analysis, and discusses why quantitative long-term forecasting is impossible. In cases where authorities and regulators are the main driving forces of change, the electric car market does not need forecasting, but instead requires proper goal setting and timely published market data with open access. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transportation Decarbonization: Advanced Vehicle Technologies and Their Social, Economic, and Environmental Impacts)
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35 pages, 10373 KiB  
Article
Characterizing the Payback and Profitability for Automated Heavy Duty Vehicle Platooning
by Vivek Sujan, Perry T. Jones and Adam Siekmann
Sustainability 2022, 14(4), 2333; https://doi.org/10.3390/su14042333 - 18 Feb 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1419
Abstract
Heavy duty vehicle platooning under highway operating conditions has been projected to provide significant fuel economy gains based on aerodynamic drag improvements of the platooning vehicles. Realizing these benefits and the economic viability under real-world operating conditions presents several challenges. The objective of [...] Read more.
Heavy duty vehicle platooning under highway operating conditions has been projected to provide significant fuel economy gains based on aerodynamic drag improvements of the platooning vehicles. Realizing these benefits and the economic viability under real-world operating conditions presents several challenges. The objective of this paper (the third as part of a series) is to analytically quantify the payback and profitability of heavy-duty vehicles platooning across the U.S. Interstate highway system. In this paper, a rigorous assessment of several factors that influence the platooning system payback for an end-user as well as the revenue potential for suppliers who may be utilizing an equipment lease model dependent on end-user savings, is presented. In this assessment key interactions explored include market adoption rates, platooning velocities, platoon-able daily mileage, platooning likelihood, variations in baseline powertrain fuel economy (diesel or electric), price of fuel (diesel or electricity), platooning fuel economy benefits, price of the added technology, and the impact of natural platooning due to traffic interactions. Further, the paper explores the economic impact of higher levels of vehicle automation for the trailing vehicles in the platoon, where extending the driver Hours of Service (HoS) may provide additional financial benefits. While the approach makes use of a limited fidelity vehicle analytical model for longitudinal dynamics and operations economics, the narrative provides application decision personnel with a mechanism and well-defined set of impact factors to consider as part of their architectural selection process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transportation Decarbonization: Advanced Vehicle Technologies and Their Social, Economic, and Environmental Impacts)
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