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Advancing Land Monitoring through Synergistic Harmonization of Optical, Radar and Lidar Satellite Technologies

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Sensing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2025 | Viewed by 1421

Special Issue Editor


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Department of Informatics, Tokyo University of Information Sciences, 4-1 Onaridai, Wakaba-ku, Chiba 265-8501, Japan
Interests: remote sensing; machine learning; ecology; plant communities
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Land monitoring, the systematic observation, measurement, and analysis of the Earth's terrestrial surface's biophysical characteristics, is gaining increased interest, driven by the growing need for sustainable management of Earth's resources, advancements in satellite and sensor technologies, and an increased focus on addressing climate change and environmental degradation. The process involves monitoring various environmental factors such as land cover, urban expansion, vegetation, and agricultural practices, to improve climate and disaster response, as well as sustainable environmental management.

The integration of optical, radar, and lidar satellite observations is expected to produce more accurate and consistent land monitoring solutions. However, identifying current research gaps in combining optical, radar, and lidar satellite observations for land monitoring requires examining the limitations and challenges associated with these technologies. One of the primary challenges is developing effective algorithms for integrating the structural information provided by radar and lidar sensors with the spectral information of optical sensors. These datasets are fundamentally different in nature, leading to complexities in data fusion, and research is needed to create advanced algorithms and data fusion techniques that can provide a more comprehensive view of the Earth’s surface. Another challenge is ensuring continuity and consistency in data collection over time. Research is required to develop systems that can integrate data from multiple sources taken at different times while maintaining harmonization temporally. Despite deep learning's role in fusing data from various sensors, creating models that accurately interpret complex data is challenging, and improving radar and lidar resolution without losing quality is necessary.

Contributions in the form of original articles, letters, reviews, and perspectives are invited from researchers and practitioners working on developing algorithms, improving existing techniques, and applying these methods to diverse geographical regions and ecological settings, offering unprecedented insights into our changing world. We thank you in advance for your contributions to this Special Issue.

Dr. Ram C. Sharma
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • land monitoring
  • vegetation
  • disaster response
  • urban
  • agriculture
  • biomass and carbon stocks
  • data fusion
  • optical, radar, lidar observations
  • algorithm development
  • deep learning
  • ecological applications
  • multi-spectral
  • hyper-spectral
  • SAR
  • landsat
  • sentinel
  • worldview
  • GEDI

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 74304 KiB  
Article
Enhancing Wetland Mapping: Integrating Sentinel-1/2, GEDI Data, and Google Earth Engine
by Hamid Jafarzadeh, Masoud Mahdianpari, Eric W. Gill and Fariba Mohammadimanesh
Sensors 2024, 24(5), 1651; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24051651 - 03 Mar 2024
Viewed by 885
Abstract
Wetlands are amongst Earth’s most dynamic and complex ecological resources, serving productive and biodiverse ecosystems. Enhancing the quality of wetland mapping through Earth observation (EO) data is essential for improving effective management and conservation practices. However, the achievement of reliable and accurate wetland [...] Read more.
Wetlands are amongst Earth’s most dynamic and complex ecological resources, serving productive and biodiverse ecosystems. Enhancing the quality of wetland mapping through Earth observation (EO) data is essential for improving effective management and conservation practices. However, the achievement of reliable and accurate wetland mapping faces challenges due to the heterogeneous and fragmented landscape of wetlands, along with spectral similarities among different wetland classes. The present study aims to produce advanced 10 m spatial resolution wetland classification maps for four pilot sites on the Island of Newfoundland in Canada. Employing a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach, this research leverages the synergistic use of optical, synthetic aperture radar (SAR), and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data. It focuses on ecological and hydrological interpretation using multi-source and multi-sensor EO data to evaluate their effectiveness in identifying wetland classes. The diverse data sources include Sentinel-1 and -2 satellite imagery, Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) LiDAR footprints, the Multi-Error-Removed Improved-Terrain (MERIT) Hydro dataset, and the European ReAnalysis (ERA5) dataset. Elevation data and topographical derivatives, such as slope and aspect, were also included in the analysis. The study evaluates the added value of incorporating these new data sources into wetland mapping. Using the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform and the Random Forest (RF) model, two main objectives are pursued: (1) integrating the GEDI LiDAR footprint heights with multi-source datasets to generate a 10 m vegetation canopy height (VCH) map and (2) seeking to enhance wetland mapping by utilizing the VCH map as an input predictor. Results highlight the significant role of the VCH variable derived from GEDI samples in enhancing wetland classification accuracy, as it provides a vertical profile of vegetation. Accordingly, VCH reached the highest accuracy with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.69, a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 1.51 m, and a mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.26 m. Leveraging VCH in the classification procedure improved the accuracy, with a maximum overall accuracy of 93.45%, a kappa coefficient of 0.92, and an F1 score of 0.88. This study underscores the importance of multi-source and multi-sensor approaches incorporating diverse EO data to address various factors for effective wetland mapping. The results are expected to benefit future wetland mapping studies. Full article
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