Advances in Green Chemistry Analytical Techniques

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental and Green Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 7908

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Biosensor and Biolectronics Development Laboratory, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro 43/b, 07100 Sassari, Italy
Interests: electrochemical neurosensors; enzyme biosensors; immunobiosensors; biocompatible materials for biosensor applications; enzyme enhancers; polymer electrosynthesis; green monomers for permselective films
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Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

Sustainable chemistry, or green chemistry, is a branch of chemistry that deals with studying and developing protocols aimed at the reduction or complete elimination of dangerous substances in the design of synthetic, analytical, or productive chemical processes. In recent years, the increasing attention to environmental changes often linked to non-optimized production chains has grown to reach a primary objective in the sustainable development policies of the main industrialized nations. The United Nations organization has identified 17 sustainable development goals for a better future for humans, living beings, and the whole planet, and many of these goals can also be achieved through green chemistry.

Following this growing sensitivity, many governments have begun to regulate the production and disposal of industrial wastes and emissions to increase the level of health of citizens and protect the environment especially for future generations. Chemistry, and chemical engineering in particular, has taken on this responsibility and has begun a virtuous development process towards the circular economy and environmental sustainability through technologies that aim, for example, at the reduction of environmental microplastics. Today, we are in fact able to develop "earth-friendly" processes and products capable of limiting environmental pollution by developing innovative chemical approaches that limit dangerous waste and provide the reduction or replacement of dangerous substances.

This Special Issue on “Advances in Green Chemistry Analytical Techniques” aims to gather outstanding research and comprehensive coverage of all aspects related to sustainable chemistry, covering a wide range of technologies towards the reduction and replacement of hazardous substances in chemical processes whether they are synthetic, analytical, or productive. This Special Issue will bring together high-quality research articles on the different aspects of green chemistry, including current status and remaining challenges.  Topics include but not are limited to the following:

  • Hazardous reduction technologies in chemical synthesis, analysis, and production processes;
  • Earth-friendly chemical processes related to the limitation or substitution of hazardous molecules;
  • Sustainable goals through green chemistry and the circular economy;
  • Green waste prevention and treatments for reuse or reduction of pollution;
  • Atom economy;
  • Safer synthesis, products, and auxiliaries;
  • Energy efficiency;
  • Renewable feedstocks;
  • Derivative reduction;
  • Catalysis;
  • Degradability;
  • Accident prevention;
  • Microplastics reduction or prevention;
  • Green chemistry for blue economy;
  • Regulations analysis about green chemistry in different countries.

Prof. Dr. Pier Andrea Serra
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Processes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • green chemistry
  • hazardous reduction or substitution
  • green waste treatments
  • sustainable processes
  • emissions reduction
  • circular economy
  • sustainable goals
  • microplastics reduction
  • green chemistry country-level or continental-level regulation

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4358 KiB  
Article
Ecologically Engineered Systems for Treating Agriculture Runoff by Integrating “Wastes” into Constructed Wetlands
by Ehssan Ahmed Hassan, Maha A. Tony, Hossam A. Nabwey and Mohamed M. Awad
Processes 2023, 11(2), 396; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11020396 - 28 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1793
Abstract
Runoff from agricultural irrigation is contaminated and loaded with pesticides. Frequent toxic levels of pesticide detection in the ecosystem motivate scientists and engineers to diminish agro-chemicals flowing into the environment. Constructed wetland, CWs, treatments are a sustainable methodology of special interest since it [...] Read more.
Runoff from agricultural irrigation is contaminated and loaded with pesticides. Frequent toxic levels of pesticide detection in the ecosystem motivate scientists and engineers to diminish agro-chemicals flowing into the environment. Constructed wetland, CWs, treatments are a sustainable methodology of special interest since it possess a symbiosis value. Flytek (FT) pesticide use has increased at an unprecedented rate for crop production as well as an increase in runoff loaded with Flytek. This study introduces the use of constructed wetlands based on an alum- sludge substrate for the purpose of Flytek (FT) removal performance. The system is based on an adsorption column and a sludge cake coupled with gravel acting as a carrier in order to be an adsorption bed and filtration system for Flytek removal. The structure, morphology and characteristics of the adsorption bed material “alum sludge” were characterized using X-ray diffraction spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Additionally, Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was explored. The experimental results revealed that a vertical flow constructed wetland is significant in eliminating the Flytek pesticide. However, the amount and height of sludge in a wetlands column affects its removal efficiency with the optimal removal (96%) being linked to the presence of sludge in 80%. Moreover, temperature, pH and the FT load showed a significant effect in removals, with the optimal operating conditions being recorded at 7.2 pH, 26 °C and 100 ppm of FT. The kinetic modeling is also investigated to validate the practical life applications and designs, and the results verified the reaction follows the pseudo 2nd-order reaction kinetic model according to the correlation coefficient factor. Furthermore, according to the isotherm model results the scheme follows the Freundlich isotherm model. Such preliminarily data of a gravel-alum-sludge-adsorption-column scheme is a good indicator in developing a constructed wetland facility being a good candidate for controlling agriculture effluent streams. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Green Chemistry Analytical Techniques)
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19 pages, 2135 KiB  
Article
Separation of Molar Weight-Distributed Polyethylene Glycols by Reversed-Phase Chromatography—Analysis and Modeling Based on Isocratic Analytical-Scale Investigations
by Malvina Supper, Kathleen Heller, Jakob Söllner, Tuomo Sainio and Malte Kaspereit
Processes 2022, 10(11), 2160; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10112160 - 22 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2654
Abstract
The separation of polyethylene glycols (PEGs) into single homologs by reversed-phase chromatography is investigated experimentally and theoretically. The used core–shell column is shown to achieve the baseline separation of PEG homologs up to molar weights of at least 5000 g/mol. A detailed study [...] Read more.
The separation of polyethylene glycols (PEGs) into single homologs by reversed-phase chromatography is investigated experimentally and theoretically. The used core–shell column is shown to achieve the baseline separation of PEG homologs up to molar weights of at least 5000 g/mol. A detailed study is performed elucidating the role of the operating conditions, including the temperature, eluent composition, and degree of polymerization of the polymer. Applying Martin’s rule yields a simple model for retention times that holds for a wide range of conditions. In combination with relations for column efficiency, the role of the operating conditions is discussed, and separations are predicted for analytical-scale chromatography. Finally, the approach is included in an efficient process model based on discrete convolution, which is demonstrated to predict with high accuracy also advanced operating modes with arbitrary injection profiles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Green Chemistry Analytical Techniques)
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13 pages, 1798 KiB  
Article
Optimization of Baicalin, Wogonoside, and Chlorogenic Acid Water Extraction Process from the Roots of Scutellariae Radix and Lonicerae japonicae Flos Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
by Jichang Li, Rui Wang, Zunlai Sheng, Zhiyong Wu, Chunli Chen and Muhammad Ishfaq
Processes 2019, 7(11), 854; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr7110854 - 14 Nov 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2954
Abstract
In this study, a simultaneous water extraction process for baicalin, wogonoside, and chlorogenic acid has been optimized. The effect of extraction temperature, extraction time, and liquid–solid ratio was scrutinized by single factor experiments and further analyzed by Box–Behnken design (BBD) approach using response [...] Read more.
In this study, a simultaneous water extraction process for baicalin, wogonoside, and chlorogenic acid has been optimized. The effect of extraction temperature, extraction time, and liquid–solid ratio was scrutinized by single factor experiments and further analyzed by Box–Behnken design (BBD) approach using response surface methodology (RSM). The extraction yield of investigated compounds was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Single-factor experiments and response surface analysis results revealed that the optimized conditions are: Liquid to solid ratio 25:1 (mL/g), extraction temperature 93 °C, extraction time 2.4 h, and the extraction cycle two. Importantly, it has been noted that under the above conditions, concentrations of baicalin, wogonoside, and chlorogenic were 0.078, 0.031, and 0.013 mg/mL, respectively, and the overall desirability (OD) value was 0.76 which was higher than the non-optimized conditions and the deviation from the predicted OD value was only 2.44%. Conclusively, it has been suggested that the model was stable and feasible, and fit for extraction of baicalin, wogonoside, and chlorogenic acid from Scutellariae Radix and Lonicerae (L.) japonicae Flos. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Green Chemistry Analytical Techniques)
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