Green Adsorbents for Water Purification

A special issue of Processes (ISSN 2227-9717). This special issue belongs to the section "Sustainable Processes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2026) | Viewed by 597

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
Interests: applied chemistry; environmental chemistry and engineering; industrial chemistry; material science; water treatment; remediation; sorption; AOPs; electrochemistry; corrosion; metal protection
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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
Interests: advanced oxidation processes; photocatalysis; sorption, material science; material characterization; plasma processes; water treatment; environmental chemistry and engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Technology, University of Niš, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia
Interests: chemical technology; composites; polymers, biosorption; water treatment
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Water pollution caused by industrial discharge, agricultural runoff, and urban waste continues to threaten ecosystems and public health due to the persistence of harmful organic and inorganic substances: heavy metals, organic dyes, pharmaceuticals, microplastics, pesticides, PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons), PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls), phenols and phenolic derivatives, mycotoxins, Bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates, and parabens. Many of these pollutants are toxic, non-biodegradable, and difficult to remove using conventional technologies. As global water quality standards become increasingly stringent, the need for innovative and efficient purification methods is more urgent than ever.

This Special Issue seeks to highlight cutting-edge research and reviews on pollutant removal from water systems. We encourage submissions of papers that explore new sorbents, their structural and chemical properties, and the enhancement of sorption efficiency. Researchers are encouraged to contribute studies that delve into innovative adsorbents that enhance adsorption capacity and selectivity, the adsorption mechanisms, and computational modeling for property optimization. Contributions that integrate multiple treatment strategies or propose new adsorption pathways are especially welcome.

Prof. Dr. Aleksandar A. Bojić
Dr. Miloš Kostić
Prof. Dr. Goran S. Nikolić
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • water purification
  • sorption
  • (bio)sorbents
  • pollutant removal
  • synthesis
  • kinetics
  • thermodynamics
  • sorption mechanism

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 1727 KB  
Article
Electron-Beam Modification of Baltic Coastal Quartz Sands for Enhanced Chromium Ion Removal from Water
by Yuri Dekhtyar, Marks Gorohovs, Renate Kalnina, Maija M. Kuklja, Artūrs Mamajevs, Sergey Rashkeev, Elizabete Skrebele and Hermanis Sorokins
Processes 2026, 14(5), 794; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr14050794 - 28 Feb 2026
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Abstract
Heavy metal contamination in coastal and ballast waters motivates the development of low-cost, environmentally compatible filtration media. This study investigates how 6 MeV electron-beam irradiation (0–100 Gy) modifies the surface electronic and chemical properties of quartz-rich Baltic Sea sands collected from four Latvian [...] Read more.
Heavy metal contamination in coastal and ballast waters motivates the development of low-cost, environmentally compatible filtration media. This study investigates how 6 MeV electron-beam irradiation (0–100 Gy) modifies the surface electronic and chemical properties of quartz-rich Baltic Sea sands collected from four Latvian coastal locations (Riga, Salacgriva, Ventspils, and Liepaja), and how these modifications affect chromium removal from aqueous K2CrO4 solutions. Surface electronic behavior was evaluated by near-threshold photoelectron emission spectroscopy (PEES), including electron work function (EWF) and analysis of differentiated spectra, while irradiation-associated changes in near-surface chemistry were assessed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Filtration performance was quantified by UV–Vis absorbance of filtrates. Across all sands, EWF values remained within ~4.7–4.9 eV; however, irradiation effects were strongly site-dependent. Liepaja sand exhibited the most pronounced response, including an EWF increase at 40 Gy, a shift in the differentiated PEES peak toward higher photon energies at ≥40 Gy, and the largest integrated photoemission intensity across doses, consistent with an elevated relative photoemission response under identical acquisition and processing conditions. XPS trends for Liepaja were consistent with irradiation-driven modification of the Si–O environment, while other sites showed comparatively minor changes. Filtration results mirrored these observations: Liepaja sand demonstrated the clearest dose-dependent enhancement in chromium removal with a non-monotonic feature at 40 Gy, consistent with competing formation and transformation of oxygen-related surface-reactive centers. Overall, the results show that electron-beam irradiation can modestly enhance Cr(VI) removal by natural quartz sands, with the magnitude governed by site-specific near-surface electronic structure and its dose-dependent evolution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Adsorbents for Water Purification)
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