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Separations
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Adsorption/Degradation Methods for Water and Wastewater Treatment
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Adsorption/Degradation Methods for Water and Wastewater Treatment

A special issue of Separations (ISSN 2297-8739). This special issue belongs to the section "Purification Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 August 2025 | Viewed by 638

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Milica Petrović

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
Interests: wastewater treatment; adsorption, advanced oxidation processes; electro-, plasma-, and photodegradation of the organic pollutants; anodes for electrochemical degradation; catalysts for plasma- and photodegradation of organic pollutants
Dr. Miloš Kostić

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
Interests: wastewater treatment; adsorption, advanced oxidation processes; electro-, plasma-, and photodegradation of organic pollutants; anodes for electrochemical degradation; catalysts for plasma- and photodegradation of organic pollutants
Dr. Slobodan Najdanović

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
Interests: wastewater treatment; adsorption, advanced oxidation processes; electro-, plasma-, and photodegradation of the organic pollutants; anodes for electrochemical degradation; catalysts for plasma- and photodegradation of organic pollutants
Dr. Nena Velinov

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
Interests: adsorption; biosorbents; sustainable materials; material synthesis and functionalization; material characterization; water treatment; advanced oxidation processes; plasma processes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Miljana Radović Vučić

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia
Interests: advanced oxidation processes; photocatalysis; adsorption, material synthesis and functionalization; material characterization; plasma processes; water treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Water pollution of industrial, agricultural, and urban origin, due to dissolved and dispersed, organic and inorganic, toxic, and barely degradable pollutants, presents a growing global concern due to its serious effects on human health and the environment. As global water quality demands grow, wastewater treatment is becoming crucial. Conventional water treatments often cannot meet the growing quality demands for many types of wastewaters, so new alternatives have been developed and have become a very active research area. Our Special Issue aims to publish original research or review papers on the removal of pollutants from water through adsorption and degradation processes. Topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to, various pollutants from different types of water, with diverse sorbents, focused both on the sorbents’ nature and the examination and improvement of sorption processes, as well as the removal of pollutants from all kinds of water by photochemical, electrochemical, plasma, Fenton (including photo-, electro-, and plasma-Fenton), and other advanced oxidation processes, including catalyzed ones (focused both on the catalysts and the catalytic process) and combination(s) of the named and/or other processes.  

Dr. Milica Petrović
Dr. Miloš Kostić
Dr. Slobodan Najdanović
Dr. Nena Velinov
Dr. Miljana Radović Vučić
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Separations is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • wastewater treatment
  • adsorption
  • electrodegradation
  • photodegradation
  • plasma degradation
  • (bio)sorbents
  • photocatalysts
  • plasma catalysts
  • pollutant removal

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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20 pages, 5360 KiB  
Article
Highly Efficient Removal of Cadmium from Wastewater Using Eco-Friendly and Cost-Effective Amorphous Silicoaluminophosphates as Adsorbent Particles
by Hamza Annath, Oluwafikayo Jaiyeola and Chirangano Mangwandi
Separations 2025, 12(5), 128; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations12050128 - 16 May 2025
Viewed by 31
Abstract
This article presents a study on the development of amorphous aluminophosphate (Am-AlP) and silico-aluminophosphate (Am-SiAlP) materials for the removal of cadmium (Cd) from wastewater. Cadmium is a toxic heavy metal that poses significant environmental and health risks, and its removal from water sources [...] Read more.
This article presents a study on the development of amorphous aluminophosphate (Am-AlP) and silico-aluminophosphate (Am-SiAlP) materials for the removal of cadmium (Cd) from wastewater. Cadmium is a toxic heavy metal that poses significant environmental and health risks, and its removal from water sources is crucial. This study explores the synthesis of these materials, focusing on the impact of silicon content on their adsorption properties. The materials were characterized using various techniques, including FTIR, XRD, TGA, and BET analysis, which revealed that the incorporation of silicon increased the surface area and porosity of the adsorbents, enhancing their cadmium removal efficiency. The Am-SiAlP (7.5) sample, with a 7.5 mol% Si content, showed the highest adsorption capacity (52.63 mg g−1) and removal efficiency (93%). Kinetic studies revealed that over 90% of cadmium was removed within the first 30 min, indicating rapid adsorption capabilities. The adsorption process was found to follow a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating chemisorption as the rate-limiting step. The Langmuir isotherm model best described the adsorption, suggesting monolayer adsorption of cadmium on the adsorbent surface. This study also investigated the effect of interfering ions, showing that while the presence of other ions slightly reduced the adsorption efficiency, the Am-SiAlP (7.5) material still performed well. This research concludes that Am-SiAlP materials, particularly Am-SiAlP (7.5), are promising adsorbents for cadmium removal due to their high efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental friendliness. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adsorption/Degradation Methods for Water and Wastewater Treatment)
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21 pages, 2983 KiB  
Article
Impact of Hydrogen Peroxide Concentration on Diclofenac Degradation by UV/H2O2: Kinetic Modeling for Water Treatment Applications
by Natalia Villota, Unai Duoandicoechea, Begoña Echevarria and Ana María de Luis
Separations 2025, 12(5), 125; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations12050125 - 14 May 2025
Viewed by 143
Abstract
This study researches the impact of diclofenac (DCF) oxidation via UV/H2O2 on water quality, focusing on aromaticity and color changes. The process effectively degrades DCF and its intermediates through hydroxyl radical attack on the aromatic structure, leading to the formation [...] Read more.
This study researches the impact of diclofenac (DCF) oxidation via UV/H2O2 on water quality, focusing on aromaticity and color changes. The process effectively degrades DCF and its intermediates through hydroxyl radical attack on the aromatic structure, leading to the formation of oxidized by-products. Initially, chromophoric compounds such as quinones and conjugated intermediates cause a yellow coloration, which diminishes as mineralization progresses. Turbidity remains below 1 NTU, aligning with European water quality standards. Aromaticity initially increases due to the stable intermediates (e.g., catechols and hydroquinones) but decreases as advanced oxidation cleaves aromatic rings. Kinetic modeling shows that DCF degradation follows first-order kinetics, while aromatic intermediates degrade via fractional-order kinetics (~0.3), indicating a non-linear relationship with concentration. The formation of chromophore compounds follows first-order kinetics, whereas their degradation transitions to zero-order kinetics when hydroxyl radicals are abundant. The study highlights the environmental relevance of these transformations, as aromatic intermediates like anilines and phenols, which contribute to water toxicity, are ultimately converted into less hazardous compounds (e.g., carboxylic acids and inorganic ions). Experimental validation confirms that degradation kinetics depend on hydrogen peroxide concentration, underscoring the potential of UV/H2O2 for water purification and pollutant removal. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adsorption/Degradation Methods for Water and Wastewater Treatment)
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22 pages, 2918 KiB  
Article
Comparative Evaluation of UV-C-Activated Peroxide and Peroxydisulfate for Degradation of a Selected Herbicide
by Jelena Mitrović, Miljana Radović Vučić, Miloš Kostić, Milica Petrović, Nena Velinov, Slobodan Najdanović and Aleksandar Bojić
Separations 2025, 12(5), 116; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations12050116 - 3 May 2025
Viewed by 155
Abstract
Extensive utilization of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) has resulted in contamination of the aquatic environment; this situation requires effective treatment technology. Ultraviolet-based advanced oxidation processes (UV-AOPs) are widely employed for the removal of organic contaminants from water. This study’s aim was to [...] Read more.
Extensive utilization of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) has resulted in contamination of the aquatic environment; this situation requires effective treatment technology. Ultraviolet-based advanced oxidation processes (UV-AOPs) are widely employed for the removal of organic contaminants from water. This study’s aim was to compare the degradation of the pesticide 2,4-D in UV-C-activated peroxide and peroxydisulfate systems. UV-C irradiation alone exhibited a negligible effect on pesticide degradation, whereas the addition of oxidants significantly enhanced the degradation efficiency relative to 2,4-D. Complete pesticide removal was achieved after 15 min of UV/H2O2 treatment, while twice as much time was required with the UV/S2O82− process. COD decreased by 74% and 28% for UV-C-activated peroxide and peroxydisulfate, respectively. Both investigated systems demonstrated good performance for 2,4-D dechlorination. Pesticide degradation rates increased with increasing dosages of the applied oxidants. Acidic conditions were more favorable for degradation of 2,4-D, compared to neutral and basic conditions, for both systems studied. The degradation efficiency relative to 2,4-D decreased in the presence of HA, Cl− and HCO3− in water matrices. The predominant radical for the UV-C-activated peroxydisulfate was determined to be a sulfate radical. These findings are of fundamental and practical significance in understanding UV-C-activated 2,4-D degradation, paving the way for the selection of preferred processes for the optimal removal of pesticides from various aqueous matrices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adsorption/Degradation Methods for Water and Wastewater Treatment)
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