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Proceedings, 2025, Symmetry 2025

The 5th International Conference on Symmetry (Symmetry 2025)

Hangzhou, China | 16–19 May 2025

Volume Editors:
Prof. Sergei D. Odintsov, Institute of Space Sciences (IEEC-CSIC), Spain
Prof. Changzheng Qu, Ningbo University, China
Prof. Jihuan He, Soochow University, China
Number of Papers: 3
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Cover Story (view full-size image): The 5th International Conference on Symmetry (Symmetry 2025) was held from 16 to 19 May 2025 in Hangzhou, China. The conference aimed to foster interdisciplinary dialogue and collaboration among [...] Read more.
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7 pages, 292 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
New Contribution to the Anomalous π0γγ Decay in SU(2) Chiral Perturbation Theory
by Zhen-Yan Lu, Shu-Peng Wang and Qi Lu
Proceedings 2025, 123(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025123001 - 28 Jul 2025
Viewed by 207
Abstract
The introduction of axions gives rise to additional one-loop diagrams for the two-photon decays of neutral pions via axion-pion mixing. We compute this correction that has been overlooked in existing calculations, within the framework of SU(2) chiral perturbation theory. Our analysis shows that [...] Read more.
The introduction of axions gives rise to additional one-loop diagrams for the two-photon decays of neutral pions via axion-pion mixing. We compute this correction that has been overlooked in existing calculations, within the framework of SU(2) chiral perturbation theory. Our analysis shows that the correction is proportional to the axion-photon coupling and the square of the axion mass. In the classical axion parameter space, this correction is strongly suppressed by the axion decay constant. However, for QCD axions in the MeV or higher mass range, the correction may become significant. Furthermore, when combined with experimental measurements of the decay width of the π0γγ process, our results rule out the standard QCD axion as a viable explanation for the observed discrepancy between chiral perturbation theory predictions and experimental data. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 5th International Conference on Symmetry (Symmetry 2025))
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7 pages, 263 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Recent Progress on Conjecture O and Its Variants: A Survey
by Xiaobin Li, Yuhui Peng, Yamin Xu and Bin Zhu
Proceedings 2025, 123(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025123002 - 28 Jul 2025
Viewed by 160
Abstract
Conjecture O (and the Gamma Conjectures), introduced by Galkin, Golyshev, and Iritani stand as pivotal open problems in the quantum cohomology of Fano manifolds, bridging algebraic geometry, mathematical physics, and representation theory. These conjectures aim to decode the structural essence of quantum multiplication [...] Read more.
Conjecture O (and the Gamma Conjectures), introduced by Galkin, Golyshev, and Iritani stand as pivotal open problems in the quantum cohomology of Fano manifolds, bridging algebraic geometry, mathematical physics, and representation theory. These conjectures aim to decode the structural essence of quantum multiplication by uncovering profound connections between spectral properties of quantum cohomology operators and the underlying geometry of Fano manifolds. Conjecture O specifically investigates the spectral simplicity and eigenvalue distribution of the operator associated with the first Chern class c1 in quantum cohomology rings, positing that its eigenvalues govern the convergence and asymptotic behavior of quantum products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 5th International Conference on Symmetry (Symmetry 2025))
8 pages, 306 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Constraints on the Equation of State of Quark Stars from Compact Object Observations
by Shu-Peng Wang, Zhi-Jun Ma, Jian-Feng Xu and Zhen-Yan Lu
Proceedings 2025, 123(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025123003 - 29 Jul 2025
Viewed by 237
Abstract
Introducing an additional term into the thermodynamic potential density of the quark matter system, as required for thermodynamic consistency, resolves the inconsistency that arises in the conventional perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD) model. In this work, we use a revised, thermodynamically consistent perturbative QCD [...] Read more.
Introducing an additional term into the thermodynamic potential density of the quark matter system, as required for thermodynamic consistency, resolves the inconsistency that arises in the conventional perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD) model. In this work, we use a revised, thermodynamically consistent perturbative QCD model to compute the stability window and equation of state of up-down (ud) quark matter at zero temperature. Our results indicate that the measured tidal deformability for GW170817 places an upper limit on the maximum mass of ud quark stars, but does not rule out the possibility of such stars with a mass of about two solar masses. However, when the maximum mass of ud quark stars significantly exceeds two solar masses, such as the compact object with a mass in the range of 2.50–2.67 M observed in the GW190814 event, it cannot be identified as a ud quark star according to the revised perturbative QCD model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 5th International Conference on Symmetry (Symmetry 2025))
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