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Polymers
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Conductive Polymers: Synthesis and Applications
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Conductive Polymers: Synthesis and Applications

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 July 2022) | Viewed by 9787

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Yesong Gu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan
Interests: Conductive polymer synthesis and applications; biosensor fabrication and applications; diagnostic method development; green chemical process; protein purification; genetic engineering and can cancer researches.

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Since the discovery of conductive polyacetylene (PA) around 1977, some new intrinsic conducting polymers (ICP), including polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPY), polythiophene (PTH), and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), have been developed and attracted tremendous attention from scientific communities. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2000 was awarded to Alan J. Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid, and Hideki Shirakawa who were pioneers in the discovery and development of conductive polymers. These ICPs are known for their high conductivity, good processability, and long-term stability under various application conditions. The development of ICP has been successfully transferred from some laboratory research to industrial applications. Analytical reports for the US market suggest a 5.7 percent annual growth demand through 2010 for ICPs (cited from the report of Conductive Polymers to 2010 – Demand and Sales Forecasts, Market Share, Market Size, Market Leaders). ICPs have been applied in various fields, such as antistatic films, biosensor fabrication, organic field-effect transistors, transparent organic-based electronic devices, and light-emitting and photovoltaic devices. In academics, the number of Science Citation Index (SCI) publications regarding ICPs has dramatically increased by an average of 13% every year since 2000, and reached a total of 20,282 (Web of Science analysis report).

This Special Issue will highlight the progress and fundamental aspects of the synthesis, characterization, properties, and applications of conductive polymers.

Prof. Dr. Yesong Gu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Conductive polymers
  • Synthesis and characterizations
  • Biosensor fabrication and applications
  • Sensors fabrication and applications

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3549 KiB  
Article
Application of a Conducting Poly-Methionine/Gold Nanoparticles-Modified Sensor for the Electrochemical Detection of Paroxetine
by Saedah R. Al-Mhyawi, Riham K. Ahmed and Rasha M. El Nashar
Polymers 2021, 13(22), 3981; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13223981 - 17 Nov 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1920
Abstract
This work demonstrates a facile electropolymerization of a dl-methionine (dl-met) conducting polymeric film on a gold nanoparticle (AuNPs)-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The resulting sensor was successfully applied for the sensitive detection of paroxetine·HCl (PRX), a selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake [...] Read more.
This work demonstrates a facile electropolymerization of a dl-methionine (dl-met) conducting polymeric film on a gold nanoparticle (AuNPs)-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The resulting sensor was successfully applied for the sensitive detection of paroxetine·HCl (PRX), a selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs), in its pharmaceutical formulations. The sensor was characterized morphologically using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) and electrochemical techniques such as differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The proposed sensor, poly (dl-met)/AuNPs-GCE, exhibited a linear response range from 5 × 10−11 to 5 × 10−8 M and from 5 × 10−8 to 1 × 10−4 M using DPV with lowest limit of detection (LOD = 1 × 10−11 M) based on (S/N = 3). The poly (dl-met)/AuNPs-GCE sensor was successfully applied for PRX determination in three different pharmaceutical formulations with percent recoveries between 96.29% and 103.40% ± SD (±0.02 and ±0.58, respectively). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Conductive Polymers: Synthesis and Applications)
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28 pages, 3590 KiB  
Article
Peculiarities of Oxidative Polymerization of Diarylaminodichlorobenzoquinones
by Andrey V. Orlov, Svetlana G. Kiseleva, Galina P. Karpacheva and Dmitriy G. Muratov
Polymers 2021, 13(21), 3657; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13213657 - 23 Oct 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1806
Abstract
New oxidative polymerization monomers—diarylaminodichlorobenzoquinones were synthesised by alkylating aniline, m-phenylenediamine and methanilic acid with chloranil. Oxidative polymerization of diarylaminodichlorobenzoquinones was studied for the first time in relation to the concentration of the monomer, acid, and oxidant/monomer ratio. It was found that the synthesized [...] Read more.
New oxidative polymerization monomers—diarylaminodichlorobenzoquinones were synthesised by alkylating aniline, m-phenylenediamine and methanilic acid with chloranil. Oxidative polymerization of diarylaminodichlorobenzoquinones was studied for the first time in relation to the concentration of the monomer, acid, and oxidant/monomer ratio. It was found that the synthesized monomers are highly active in the polymerization reaction, and the oxidation rate grows with the increase in the acid concentration. Only one arylamine group is involved in the polymerization reaction. The optimal oxidant/monomer ratio is stoichiometric for one arylamine group, despite the bifunctionality of the monomers. It was shown that the type of the substituent in the aniline ring (electron donor or electron acceptor) determines the growth of the polymer chain and the structure of the resulting conjugated polymers. A mechanism for the formation of active polymerization centers for diarylaminodichlorobenzoquinones was proposed. FTIR-, NMR-, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and SEM were used to identify the structure of the synthesized monomers and polymers. The obtained polymers have an amorphous structure and a loose globular morphology. The frequency dependence of the electrical conductivity was studied. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Conductive Polymers: Synthesis and Applications)
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17 pages, 6749 KiB  
Article
Modeling and Simulation in Capacity Degradation and Control of All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Based on Time-Aging Polymer Electrolyte
by Xuansen Fang, Yaolong He, Xiaomin Fan, Dan Zhang and Hongjiu Hu
Polymers 2021, 13(8), 1206; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13081206 - 08 Apr 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2258
Abstract
The prediction of electrochemical performance is the basis for long-term service of all-solid-state-battery (ASSB) regarding the time-aging of solid polymer electrolytes. To get insight into the influence mechanism of electrolyte aging on cell fading, we have established a continuum model for quantitatively analyzing [...] Read more.
The prediction of electrochemical performance is the basis for long-term service of all-solid-state-battery (ASSB) regarding the time-aging of solid polymer electrolytes. To get insight into the influence mechanism of electrolyte aging on cell fading, we have established a continuum model for quantitatively analyzing the capacity evolution of the lithium battery during the time-aging process. The simulations have unveiled the phenomenon of electrolyte-aging-induced capacity degradation. The effects of discharge rate, operating temperature, and lithium-salt concentration in the electrolyte, as well as the electrolyte thickness, have also been explored in detail. The results have shown that capacity loss of ASSB is controlled by the decrease in the contact area of the electrolyte/electrode interface at the initial aging stage and is subsequently dominated by the mobilities of lithium-ion across the aging electrolyte. Moreover, reducing the discharge rate or increasing the operating temperature can weaken this cell deterioration. Besides, the thinner electrolyte film with acceptable lithium salt content benefits the durability of the ASSB. It has also been found that the negative effect of the aging electrolytes can be relieved if the electrolyte conductivity is kept being above a critical value under the storage and using conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Conductive Polymers: Synthesis and Applications)
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14 pages, 3549 KiB  
Article
Fabrication of an Extremely Cheap Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Modified Pencil Lead Electrode for Effective Hydroquinone Sensing
by Jian-Yu Lu, Yu-Sheng Yu, Tung-Bo Chen, Chiung-Fen Chang, Sigitas Tamulevičius, Donats Erts, Kevin C.-W. Wu and Yesong Gu
Polymers 2021, 13(3), 343; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13030343 - 22 Jan 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2848
Abstract
Hydroquinone (HQ) is one of the major deleterious metabolites of benzene in the human body, which has been implicated to cause various human diseases. In order to fabricate a feasible sensor for the accurate detection of HQ, we attempted to electrochemically modify a [...] Read more.
Hydroquinone (HQ) is one of the major deleterious metabolites of benzene in the human body, which has been implicated to cause various human diseases. In order to fabricate a feasible sensor for the accurate detection of HQ, we attempted to electrochemically modify a piece of common 2B pencil lead (PL) with the conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) or PEDOT film to construct a PEDOT/PL electrode. We then examined the performance of PEDOT/PL in the detection of hydroquinone with different voltammetry methods. Our results have demonstrated that PEDOT film was able to dramatically enhance the electrochemical response of pencil lead electrode to hydroquinone and exhibited a good linear correlation between anodic peak current and the concentration of hydroquinone by either cyclic voltammetry or linear sweep voltammetry. The influences of PEDOT film thickness, sample pH, voltammetry scan rate, and possible chemical interferences on the measurement of hydroquinone have been discussed. The PEDOT film was further characterized by SEM with EDS and FTIR spectrum, as well as for stability with multiple measurements. Our results have demonstrated that the PEDOT modified PL electrode could be an attractive option to easily fabricate an economical sensor and provide an accurate and stable approach to monitoring various chemicals and biomolecules. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Conductive Polymers: Synthesis and Applications)
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