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A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Biobased and Biodegradable Polymers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 April 2024) | Viewed by 8426

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Zhengzhi Wang

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Guest Editor

Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
Interests: experimental mechanics; photopolymerization; bioinspired materials; dental materials

Dr. Jingmei Guo

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Co-Guest Editor

The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Interests: dental materials; resin adhesives; dental resin cement; functional dental composite

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Resin-based materials are widely used for current dental restorations. Their physical, chemical, mechanical and biological properties are crucial for determining the quality and longevity of the restorations. Existing dental resin materials are still facing such issues as low mechanical strength, high polymerization shrinkage and stress, poor biocompatibility, etc., limiting the clinical practice of the materials. Therefore, the researching of new synthesis and modification methods, characterization techniques, mechanisms and the clinical relevance of improved material properties are hot topics that are rapidly evolving in dental resin materials. This Special Issue is devoted to the most recent research on these topics, covering all aspects concerning the advances in the synthesis, modification, characterization, property and applications of dental resin materials.

Dr. Zhengzhi Wang
Dr. Jingmei Guo
Guest Editors

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Keywords

dental resins
dental composites
photopolymerization
mechanical properties
shrinkage and stress
dental adhesives
resin cement
functional materials

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 2819 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Colour Parameters and Changes of Tea-Stained Resin Composite Exposed to Whitening Pen (In Vitro Study)

by Abdulaziz Alhotan, Rasha M. Abdelraouf, Saleh Alhijji, Merry Angelyn Tan De Vera, Aref Sufyan, Jukka P. Matinlinna and Tamer M. Hamdy

Polymers 2023, 15(14), 3068; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15143068 - 17 Jul 2023

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1629

Abstract

Background: One of the crucial factors influencing the longevity of anterior aesthetic dental restorations is the colour stability of resin composites. Bleaching and whitening have become popular methods for enhancing dental aesthetics. Home whitening techniques, such as special pens, are widely available commercially. This in vitro study aimed to determine the efficiency of a whitening pen in removing tea stains from resin composite by measuring colour differences (ΔE₀₀). Additionally, the study aimed to evaluate the variations in colour parameters measured by extra-oral and intra-oral spectrophotometers. Methods: A total of 45 disc-shaped resin composite specimens were randomly divided into three groups; Group 1: stored in artificial saliva (control), Group 2: stored in artificial saliva followed by a whitening pen application, and Group 3: stored in tea followed by a whitening pen application. Colour measurements were taken three times for each specimen using two spectrophotometers (extra-oral and intra-oral devices); T1: before storage (baseline), T2: after storage in artificial saliva or tea for 6 days; and T3: after one week of whitening pen application in groups 2 and 3. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey post hoc test (p ≤ 0.05). The independent sample t-test was also employed. The equation of CIEDE2000 (ΔE₀₀) was used to calculate the colour difference between the dry, as-prepared specimens (baseline), and those after storage or bleaching. The colour changes exceeding the acceptability threshold (∆E₀₀ = 1.8) were considered unacceptable. Results: After whitening, the colour of the specimens stored in brewed tea (Group 3) remained unacceptable, as indicated by both the extra-oral and intra-oral spectrophotometers (ΔE₀₀ = 4 and 2.9, respectively). Groups 1 and 2 exhibited lower ΔE₀₀ values than Group 3 (p = 0.01 *). No significant difference was observed between Group 1 (stored in artificial saliva) and Group 2 (stored in artificial saliva and then bleached) (p = 0.3). Significant differences were consistently observed between the data obtained from the extra-oral spectrophotometer and the intra-oral one. Conclusions: The whitening pen proved ineffective in removing tea stains from resin composites. Although significant differences were found between the values obtained by the two spectrophotometers (extra-oral and intra-oral), both devices confirmed the unacceptable colour of the tea-stained resin composites after whitening. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Dental Resin Materials)

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12 pages, 17374 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Comparative Study on the Microscale and Macroscale Mechanical Properties of Dental Resin Composites

by Shuogeng Yan, Kun Wang and Zhengzhi Wang

Polymers 2023, 15(5), 1129; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15051129 - 23 Feb 2023

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2442

Abstract

Dental resin composites are universal restorative materials, and various kinds of fillers are used to reinforce their mechanical properties. However, a combined study on the microscale and macroscale mechanical properties of dental resin composites is missing, and the reinforcing mechanism of the composites is still not fully clarified. In this work, the effects of the nano-silica particle on the mechanical properties of dental resin composites were studied by combined dynamic nanoindentation tests and macroscale tensile tests. The reinforcing mechanism of the composites was explored by combining near-infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and atomic force microscope characterizations. It was found that the tensile modulus increased from 2.47 GPa to 3.17 GPa, and the ultimate tensile strength increased from 36.22 MPa to 51.75 MPa, with the particle contents increasing from 0% to 10%. From the nanoindentation tests, the storage modulus and hardness of the composites increased by 36.27% and 40.90%, respectively. The storage modulus and hardness were also found to increase by 44.11% and 46.46% when the testing frequency increased from 1 Hz to 210 Hz. Moreover, based on a modulus mapping technique, we found a boundary layer in which the modulus gradually decreased from the edge of the nanoparticle to the resin matrix. Finite element modeling was adopted to illustrate the role of this gradient boundary layer in alleviating the shear stress concentration on the filler–matrix interface. The present study validates mechanical reinforcement and provides a potential new insight for understanding the reinforcing mechanism of dental resin composites. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Dental Resin Materials)

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Review

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17 pages, 2105 KiB

Open AccessReview

Bulk-Fill Resins versus Conventional Resins: An Umbrella Review

by Gonçalo Silva, Carlos Miguel Marto, Inês Amaro, Ana Coelho, José Sousa, Manuel Marques Ferreira, Inês Francisco, Francisco Vale, Bárbara Oliveiros, Eunice Carrilho and Anabela Baptista Paula

Polymers 2023, 15(12), 2613; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122613 - 8 Jun 2023

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3422

Abstract

Currently, composite resins have become the material of choice for the restoration of posterior teeth. Although bulk-fill resins represent a tempting alternative due to their lower complexity and faster use, some dentists are reluctant to use this material. The objective is to compare the performance of bulk-fill resins and conventional resins in direct restorations of posterior teeth based on the literature. The databases that were used to carry out the research were PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library and the WOS. This umbrella literature review complies with PRISMA standards and assesses the quality of studies using the AMSTAR 2 tool. With the application of the criteria of the AMSTAR 2 tool, the reviews were considered low to moderate. The overall meta-analysis, although without statistical significance, favours mostly the use of conventional resin, as it is about five times more likely to obtain a favourable result than bulk-fill resin. Bulk-fill resins result in a simplification of the clinical process of posterior direct restorations, which is an advantage. The performance in terms of several properties of bulk-fill resins and conventional resins showed that they present similar behaviour. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Dental Resin Materials)

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