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Design and Performance of Compostable Polymeric Packaging Materials

A special issue of Polymers (ISSN 2073-4360). This special issue belongs to the section "Polymer Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 1190

Editors


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Guest Editor
University of Zagreb Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: biodegradable polymers; thermoplastic starch; packaging; nano/micro polymer composites
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
University of Zagreb Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: biodegradable polymers; polymer composites; chemical engineering; coating; nanoparticles; nanocomposite films

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Polymeric materials dominate the food packaging sector due to their versatility, low cost, light weight, and ease of processing. However, concerns related to plastic waste accumulation, fossil-based feedstocks, and limited end-of-life options have driven growing interest in compostable polymeric packaging solutions as part of a circular economy approach. This Special Issue focuses on the design and performance of compostable polymeric packaging materials, emphasizing the relationships between material structure, processing, functional properties, and end-of-life behavior. A central challenge is achieving the balance between mechanical, thermal, and barrier performance required during use and reliable compostability under industrial and home composting conditions.

Contributions addressing multicomponent systems, including polymer blends, composites, and formulations containing additives or fillers, are encouraged, particularly those linking material design to performance and degradation behavior. The scope of this Special Issue includes, but is not limited to, the following topics:

  • Design and development of compostable polymeric materials for packaging applications.
  • Structure–property–compostability relationships in biodegradable and compostable polymers.
  • Polymer blends, composites, and multilayer systems for compostable packaging.
  • Processing techniques for compostable packaging materials (e.g., extrusion, film blowing, injection molding).
  • Mechanical, thermal, barrier, and functional performance of compostable packaging materials.
  • Active and intelligent compostable packaging systems.
  • Evaluation of biodegradation and compostability under industrial, home, and environmental conditions.
  • Influence of additives, fillers, and reinforcements on performance and compostability.
  • Sustainability aspects and life cycle considerations of compostable polymeric packaging.

This Special Issue welcomes original research articles and review papers that contribute to the understanding and advancement of compostable polymeric materials for packaging applications, bridging the gap between material design, performance requirements, and sustainable end-of-life solutions.

Dr. Vesna Ocelić Bulatović
Dr. Elvira Vidović
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Polymers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • compostable polymeric materials
  • sustainable packaging
  • polymer blends and composites
  • structure–property–degradation relationships
  • packaging performance and barrier properties
  • biodegradation and compostability assessment
  • product life cycle

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 16509 KB  
Article
Influence of PLA Flowability and Talc Content on the Performance of Rigid TPS/PBS/PLA/Talc Blends
by Cristina Martín-Poyo, Josep P. Cerisuelo and Jose D. Badia-Valiente
Polymers 2026, 18(12), 1544; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18121544 - 21 Jun 2026
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Abstract
This study investigates the influence of PLA flowability and talc content on the performance of compostable thermoplastic starch/poly(butylene succinate) (TPS/PBS)-based systems for rigid applications. Different PLA grades with varying melt flow index (PLA23, PLA8 and PLA70) and talc contents (0, 5 and 10 [...] Read more.
This study investigates the influence of PLA flowability and talc content on the performance of compostable thermoplastic starch/poly(butylene succinate) (TPS/PBS)-based systems for rigid applications. Different PLA grades with varying melt flow index (PLA23, PLA8 and PLA70) and talc contents (0, 5 and 10 wt%) were incorporated. Twelve formulations were compounded by twin-screw extrusion and processed by injection moulding. FTIR confirmed the coexistence of TPS, PBS and PLA phases without evidence of chemical interactions. Morphological analysis showed that PLA flowability plays a key role in phase distribution, with higher-flow PLA promoting improved dispersion and interfacial adhesion, while talc addition (5 and 10 wt%) increased structural heterogeneity; at higher loadings, particularly, DSC analysis revealed that talc acted as a nucleating agent for the PBS phase, increasing crystallisation temperatures from approximately 73 °C to 81 °C depending on formulation. Mechanical results showed that Young’s modulus increased from approximately 1.4 GPa to 2.7 GPa with decreasing PLA flowability and increasing talc content. Formulations containing low-flow PLA reached tensile strengths close to 32 MPa, although elongation at break decreased to values near 2%. In contrast, high-flow PLA formulations exhibited a more balanced mechanical response, with elongation values up to approximately 8%, associated with improved phase dispersion. Hybrid PLA systems showed intermediate behaviour, reaching elongations up to 22% while maintaining modulus values around 1.8 GPa. Talc provided additional reinforcement but reduced deformation capacity. HDT values remained relatively constant, indicating limited improvement in thermomechanical resistance despite increased stiffness. These results demonstrate that the combined control of PLA molecular characteristics and talc content enables tuning of the mechanical and thermomechanical performance of TPS/PBS/PLA/talc systems for rigid packaging applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Performance of Compostable Polymeric Packaging Materials)
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26 pages, 15016 KB  
Article
An Integrated Approach to the Design of PHBV-Based Blends: Structure–Property–Performance Relationships for Compostable Packaging
by Karlo Grgurević, Martina Miloloža Nikolić, Dajana Kučić Grgić and Vesna Ocelić Bulatović
Polymers 2026, 18(12), 1426; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym18121426 - 7 Jun 2026
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Abstract
Environmental concerns with petroleum-based polymers have accelerated the development of biodegradable alternatives, making poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) a promising candidate for sustainable packaging. However, its functional performance necessitates modification through blending. In this study, blends containing 65–85 wt.% polylactide (PLA) were investigated to establish structure–property [...] Read more.
Environmental concerns with petroleum-based polymers have accelerated the development of biodegradable alternatives, making poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) a promising candidate for sustainable packaging. However, its functional performance necessitates modification through blending. In this study, blends containing 65–85 wt.% polylactide (PLA) were investigated to establish structure–property relationships relevant to compostable packaging. The results reveal partial miscibility of the blends and pronouncedcomposition-dependent changes in morphology and thermal behavior, characterized by an increase in glass transition temperature and a decrease in PLA melting temperature. Increasing PLA content (≥80 wt.%) enhanced thermal stability, increasing the degradation temperature to 288.0 °C. In contrast, higher PHBV content (≥25 wt.%) significantly improved barrier properties of PLA, reducing oxygen and water vapor transmission rates to 74.47 cm3 m−2 day−1 and 29.11 g m−2 day−1, respectively. Biodegradation behavior revealed complete degradation of PHBV after 56 days, whereas PLA showed only 1.29% mass loss under identical conditions. In the blends, biodegradation proceeded preferentially through the PHBV phase, resulting in composition-dependent mass loss. Among the investigated compositions, PLA65/PHBV provided the most balanced combination of barrier performance, mechanical behavior, and biodegradation response. Overall, these findings demonstrate that tailoring composition enables the design of polymer systems for sustainable packaging applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Design and Performance of Compostable Polymeric Packaging Materials)
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