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Plants
Special Issues
250 Years of Research in Photosynthesis: Current Challenges and New...
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250 Years of Research in Photosynthesis: Current Challenges and New Avenues to Explore

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Physiology and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 January 2023) | Viewed by 4100

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alberta Pinnola

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biology and Biotechnlogy, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
Interests: mechanisms of abiotic stress resistance; photosynthesis; photoprotection; light harvesting; mosses; heterologous expression; genome editing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Mei Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Interests: structures of photosynthetic macromolecules; light harvesting and transfer; photopretection; photosynthetic electron transport; CO2 assimilation
Dr. Zeno Guardini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
Interests: photosynthesis; photoprotection; non-photochemical-quenching; Arabidopsis; genome editing; light harvesting; heterologous expression

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Photosynthesis is the most important process in the biosphere. Thanks to this process, plants are able to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) and water into sugars and oxygen using solar energy. Photosynthesis is not only the primary source of food on earth but also produces oxygen, an important element for the survival of life.

When photosynthesis evolved, CO2 concentration was much lower compared to today due to anthropic activities. Photosynthetic organisms are not adapted to deal with these new conditions. At the same time, our society has to face up to the increase in human population, decrease in arable land and food, and climate change. In the last century, many research efforts and new strategies have been established to optimize photosynthesis and improve crop yields and food supply and mitigate the effects of global warming and climate change.

Clearly, photosynthesis is a very important and intriguing subject in plant science. It was discovered by Dr. Jan Ingenhousz in the 1770s. To mark the significant milestone of 250 years of photosynthesis and celebrate the achievements made throughout these years, we are very pleased to announce a commemorative Special Issue on photosynthesis which will collect the outstanding research progress in this field in recent years.

In this Special Issue, we are looking for articles (original research papers, perspectives, hypotheses, opinions, reviews, modelling approaches, and methods) that focus on the history and process of photosynthesis from the molecular aspects to the fields. This includes biochemistry, physiology, genes, proteins, photosynthetic evolutionary studies, field trials in model plants, and crop plants. Ancient and new approaches as well as technologies used to study and improve photosynthesis are welcome.

Dr. Alberta Pinnola
Prof. Dr. Mei Li
Dr. Zeno Guardini
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bioengineering
  • crop improvement
  • algae improvement
  • stress tolerance
  • photosystems
  • CRISPR
  • electron transfer
  • light and dark reaction
  • supercomplexes
  • electron microscopy
  • cryo-electron microscopy
  • global warming
  • climate change
  • photoprotection mechanism
  • ROS resistance
  • photorespiration
  • C3-C4-CAM plants
  • directed evolution
  • cyanobacteria
  • algae
  • photosynthetic efficiency
  • non-photochemical quenching
  • photosynthetic mutants
  • chlorophyll lifetime measurements
  • single molecules spectroscopy
  • light-harvesting complexes
  • reaction center
  • RUBISCO
  • water splitting

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 3313 KiB  
Article
Stomatal Ratio Showing No Response to Light Intensity in Oryza
by Tiange Wang, Linna Zheng, Dongliang Xiong, Fei Wang, Jianguo Man, Nanyan Deng, Kehui Cui, Jianliang Huang, Shaobing Peng and Xiaoxia Ling
Plants 2023, 12(1), 66; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12010066 - 23 Dec 2022
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Abstract
Stomata control carbon and water exchange between the leaves and the ambient. However, the plasticity responses of stomatal traits to growth conditions are still unclear, especially for monocot leaves. The current study investigated the leaf anatomical traits, stomatal morphological traits on both adaxial [...] Read more.
Stomata control carbon and water exchange between the leaves and the ambient. However, the plasticity responses of stomatal traits to growth conditions are still unclear, especially for monocot leaves. The current study investigated the leaf anatomical traits, stomatal morphological traits on both adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces, and photosynthetic traits of Oryza leaves developed in two different growth conditions. Substantial variation exists across the Oryza species in leaf anatomy, stomatal traits, photosynthetic rate, and stomatal conductance. The abaxial stomatal density was higher than the adaxial stomatal density in all the species, and the stomatal ratios ranged from 0.35 to 0.46 across species in two growth environments. However, no difference in the stomatal ratio was observed between plants in the growth chamber and outdoors for a given species. Photosynthetic capacity, stomatal conductance, leaf width, major vein thickness, minor vein thickness, inter-vein distance, and stomatal pore width values for leaves grown outdoors were higher than those for plants grown in the growth chamber. Our results indicate that a broad set of leaf anatomical, stomatal, and photosynthetic traits of Oryza tend to shift together during plasticity to diverse growing conditions, but the previously projected sensitive trait, stomatal ratio, does not shape growth conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 250 Years of Research in Photosynthesis: Current Challenges and New Avenues to Explore)
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Review

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15 pages, 4218 KiB  
Review
Dynamic Regulation of the Light-Harvesting System through State Transitions in Land Plants and Green Algae
by Hui Shang, Mei Li and Xiaowei Pan
Plants 2023, 12(5), 1173; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12051173 - 03 Mar 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1763
Abstract
Photosynthesis constitutes the only known natural process that captures the solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into biomass. The primary reactions of photosynthesis are catalyzed by the photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) complexes. Both photosystems associate with antennae complexes [...] Read more.
Photosynthesis constitutes the only known natural process that captures the solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into biomass. The primary reactions of photosynthesis are catalyzed by the photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI) complexes. Both photosystems associate with antennae complexes whose main function is to increase the light-harvesting capability of the core. In order to maintain optimal photosynthetic activity under a constantly changing natural light environment, plants and green algae regulate the absorbed photo-excitation energy between PSI and PSII through processes known as state transitions. State transitions represent a short-term light adaptation mechanism for balancing the energy distribution between the two photosystems by relocating light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) proteins. The preferential excitation of PSII (state 2) results in the activation of a chloroplast kinase which in turn phosphorylates LHCII, a process followed by the release of phosphorylated LHCII from PSII and its migration to PSI, thus forming the PSI–LHCI–LHCII supercomplex. The process is reversible, as LHCII is dephosphorylated and returns to PSII under the preferential excitation of PSI. In recent years, high-resolution structures of the PSI–LHCI–LHCII supercomplex from plants and green algae were reported. These structural data provide detailed information on the interacting patterns of phosphorylated LHCII with PSI and on the pigment arrangement in the supercomplex, which is critical for constructing the excitation energy transfer pathways and for a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanism of state transitions progress. In this review, we focus on the structural data of the state 2 supercomplex from plants and green algae and discuss the current state of knowledge concerning the interactions between antenna and the PSI core and the potential energy transfer pathways in these supercomplexes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 250 Years of Research in Photosynthesis: Current Challenges and New Avenues to Explore)
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