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Mechanisms of Perception and Response to the Environment in Plant...
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Mechanisms of Perception and Response to the Environment in Plant Roots

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Systems and Synthetic Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 July 2022) | Viewed by 8474

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Anjali Iyer-Pascuzzi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
Interests: root biology; plant pathology
Dr. Erin Sparks

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and the Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
Interests: adventitious roots; plant development; genomics; transcriptomics; biomechanics; phenotyping; lodging; plant physiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Roots provide essential functions for the whole plant, including water and nutrient uptake and anchorage in the soil. In addition, roots are the first line of defense against belowground abiotic and biotic stress. Root immune systems are critically important for defense against soil microbial pathogens, while root colonization by beneficial microbes promotes plant health and fitness. Root responses to abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, nutrient deficiencies and pH stress, are vital for overall plant health. As the world faces increasing climate change and a decline in arable land, elucidating the mechanisms underpinning root responses to environmental stress is becoming more and more essential. In this Special Issue, we invite original research papers and reviews that focus on root responses to soil microbes or abiotic stress on the cellular, tissue, whole root or root architecture scales in any plant species. Articles can address root perception and responses to the environment using any number of approaches, including biochemical, cell and developmental, physiological, modeling and phenotyping, among others.

Dr. Anjali Iyer-Pascuzzi
Dr. Erin Sparks
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • root
  • environmental stress
  • abiotic stress
  • biotic stress
  • beneficial microbe

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 492 KiB  
Article
Pisum sativum Response to Nitrate as Affected by Rhizobium leguminosarum-Derived Signals
by Laure Boeglin, Marie-Christine Morère Le-Paven, Thibault Clochard, Joëlle Fustec and Anis M. Limami
Plants 2022, 11(15), 1966; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11151966 - 28 Jul 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1590
Abstract
Legumes are suitable for the development of sustainable agroecosystems because of their ability to use atmospheric N2 through symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF). However, a basic NO3− input is necessary before SNF takes place to ensure successful seedling establishment. Since Rhizobia [...] Read more.
Legumes are suitable for the development of sustainable agroecosystems because of their ability to use atmospheric N2 through symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF). However, a basic NO3− input is necessary before SNF takes place to ensure successful seedling establishment. Since Rhizobia not only induce nodulation but also affect root branching by stimulating the development of lateral roots, and NO3− as a signal also modulates root system architecture, we investigated whether Rhizobium-derived signals interfere in nitrate signaling. Here, we bring evidence that (i) Rhizobium-altered NO3−-mediated processes in pea expressions of major players in NO3− transport, sensing, and signaling were affected, and (ii) the characteristic limitation of root foraging and branching in response to NO3− supply was abolished. The number of tertiary roots per secondary root was higher in infected compared to uninfected peas, thus indicating that the Rhizobium effect allows for favorable management of trade-offs between nodules growth for nitrogen capture and root foraging for water and other nutrient uptake in pea. The outcome of this basic research can be used to produce molecular tools for breeding pea genotypes able to develop deep-foraging and branched root systems, and more competitive architectures and molecular levels for soil NO3− absorption during seedling establishment without jeopardizing nodulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanisms of Perception and Response to the Environment in Plant Roots)
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18 pages, 7208 KiB  
Article
Divergent Leaf Morpho-Physiological and Anatomical Adaptations of Four Lettuce Cultivars in Response to Different Greenhouse Irradiance Levels in Early Summer Season
by Luigi Formisano, Michele Ciriello, Valerio Cirillo, Antonio Pannico, Christophe El-Nakhel, Francesco Cristofano, Luigi Giuseppe Duri, Maria Giordano, Youssef Rouphael and Stefania De Pascale
Plants 2021, 10(6), 1179; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10061179 - 9 Jun 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3569
Abstract
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a winter-spring leafy vegetable, but the high demand for fresh products available year-round requires off-season production. However, the warm climate of the Mediterranean areas can impair the summer production of lettuce, thus requiring the adoption of genotypes [...] Read more.
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a winter-spring leafy vegetable, but the high demand for fresh products available year-round requires off-season production. However, the warm climate of the Mediterranean areas can impair the summer production of lettuce, thus requiring the adoption of genotypes tolerant to high irradiance as well as useful agronomic strategies like shading net installations. The aim of our research was to assess the leaf morpho-physiological and anatomical changes, in addition to productive responses, of four lettuce cultivars (‘Ballerina’, ‘Maravilla De Verano Canasta’, ‘Opalix’, and ‘Integral’) grown under shading and non-shading conditions to unveil the adaptive mechanisms of this crop in response to sub-optimal microclimate (high irradiance and temperature) in a protected environment. Growth and yield parameters, leaf gas exchanges, chlorophyll fluorescence and morpho-anatomical leaf traits (i.e., leaf mass area, stomatal density and epidermal cell density) were determined. Under shading conditions, the fresh yields of the cultivars ‘Ballerina’, ‘Opalix’ (‘Oak leaf’) and ‘Integral’ (‘Romaine’) increased by 16.0%, 26.9% and 13.2% respectively, compared to non-shading conditions while both abaxial and adaxial stomatal density decreased. In contrast, ‘Canasta’ under non-shading conditions increased fresh yield, dry biomass and instantaneous water use efficiency by 9.6%, 18.0% and 15.7%, respectively, while reduced abaxial stomatal density by 30.4%, compared to shading conditions. Regardless of cultivar, the unshaded treatment increased the leaf mass area by 19.5%. Even though high light intensity and high temperature are critical limiting factors for summer lettuce cultivation in a protected environment, ‘Canasta’ showed the most effective adaptive mechanisms and had the best production performance under sub-optimal microclimatic conditions. However, greenhouse coverage with a white shading net (49% screening) proved to be a suitable agricultural practice that ensured an adequate microclimate for the off-season growth of more sensitive cultivars ‘Ballerina’, ‘Oak leaf’ and ‘Romaine’. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanisms of Perception and Response to the Environment in Plant Roots)
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16 pages, 4343 KiB  
Article
Overexpression of Cassava MeAnn2 Enhances the Salt and IAA Tolerance of Transgenic Arabidopsis
by Xuejun Lin, Ruimei Li, Yangjiao Zhou, Fenlian Tang, Yajie Wang, Xiaohua Lu, Shijia Wang, Yuan Yao, Jiao Liu, Xinwen Hu and Jianchun Guo
Plants 2021, 10(5), 941; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10050941 - 8 May 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2277
Abstract
Annexins are a superfamily of soluble calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins that have considerable regulatory effects in plants, especially in response to adversity and stress. The Arabidopsis thaliana AtAnn1 gene has been reported to play a significant role in various abiotic stress responses. In our [...] Read more.
Annexins are a superfamily of soluble calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins that have considerable regulatory effects in plants, especially in response to adversity and stress. The Arabidopsis thaliana AtAnn1 gene has been reported to play a significant role in various abiotic stress responses. In our study, the cDNA of an annexin gene highly similar to AtAnn1 was isolated from the cassava genome and named MeAnn2. It contains domains specific to annexins, including four annexin repeat sequences (I–IV), a Ca2+-binding sequence, Ca2+-independent membrane-binding-related tryptophan residues, and a salt bridge-related domain. MeAnn2 is localized in the cell membrane and cytoplasm, and it was found to be preferentially expressed in the storage roots of cassava. The overexpression of MeAnn2 reduced the sensitivity of transgenic Arabidopsis to various Ca2+, NaCl, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) concentrations. The expression of the stress resistance-related gene AtRD29B and auxin signaling pathway-related genes AtIAA4 and AtLBD18 in transgenic Arabidopsis was significantly increased under salt stress, while the Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly lower than that of the control. These results indicate that the MeAnn2 gene may increase the salt tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis via the IAA signaling pathway. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanisms of Perception and Response to the Environment in Plant Roots)
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