Systematics, Taxonomy and Floristics of Angiosperms

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Systematics, Taxonomy, Nomenclature and Classification".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2024) | Viewed by 4853

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
Interests: systematics; taxonomy and floristics of flowering plants

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Guest Editor
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia 44036-900, Brazil
Interests: plant taxonomy; plant phylogenetics; plant population genetics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Angiosperms represent the most taxonomically diverse group of land plants; according to the different estimates, this group encompasses between 250,000 and 300,000 species distributed across practically all regions of the planet. Angiosperms have great economic importance and, for this reason, at least five centuries ago, studies began with a view to classifying this group of plants, which species cultivated as food, including non-conventional food plants, as well as those cultivated as ornamental, medicinal and textile plants, such as cotton and linen, as well as wood plants and those used in the pharmaceutical industry, constituting a group of plants that are fundamental for the maintenance of life on Earth. In these scenarios, the development of systematic, taxonomic and floristic studies is fundamental for us to know, respectively, the phylogenetic relationships and floristic diversity of the different regions, ecosystems and floristic provinces around the planet. Thus, we invite those interested in systematics, taxonomy and floristics to contribute to this Special Issue of the journal Plants, which will include approaches focusing on systematics, taxonomy, and floristic studies of angiosperms from all regions of the planet.

Dr. José Iranildo Miranda De Melo
Dr. Cássio Van den Berg
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • conservation
  • diversity
  • distribution
  • flora
  • flowering plants

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 8021 KiB  
Article
On the Trail of Morphological Traits: Morphometry Helps to Clarify Morphological Variation in Section Viperella (Sisyrinchium)
by Julia Gabriele Dani, Camila Dellanhese Inácio and Tatiana T. Souza-Chies
Plants 2024, 13(16), 2183; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13162183 - 7 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 869
Abstract
Sisyrinchium, a large genus of the Iridaceae family, is divided into ten sections and defined by genetic, morphological and phylogenetic traits. The section Viperella, though monophyletic, encounters taxonomic hurdles, particularly within the Sisyrinchium palmifolium L. and Sisyrinchium vaginatum Spreng complexes, resulting [...] Read more.
Sisyrinchium, a large genus of the Iridaceae family, is divided into ten sections and defined by genetic, morphological and phylogenetic traits. The section Viperella, though monophyletic, encounters taxonomic hurdles, particularly within the Sisyrinchium palmifolium L. and Sisyrinchium vaginatum Spreng complexes, resulting in numerous misidentifications. The taxonomic confusion in the group may stem from various factors, emphasizing extensive morphological variations, leading to overlapping characteristics. We used morphometric approaches to better characterize the species belonging to two complexes, assess their variation and identify diagnostic traits for taxonomy enhancement. We assessed 16 quantitative traits for the S. palmifolium complex and 15 for the S. vaginatum complex, totaling 652 specimens recorded across 15 herbaria covering the entire species’ distribution area. In the S. vaginatum complex, 66.5% of the variations were accounted for in the first two axes, while in the S. palmifolium complex, the first two axes explained 55.3%. Our findings revealed that both complexes exhibited many morphological variations, leading to a characteristic overlap. These characteristics may have arisen due to recent diversifications of the group and niche overlaps. Additionally, we identified some morphological characteristics that are useful for distinguishing species. Finally, we compiled a section gathering all useful characteristics for species delimitation within the group, aiming to facilitate non-experts in deciphering this species complex. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Systematics, Taxonomy and Floristics of Angiosperms)
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25 pages, 17484 KiB  
Article
The Micromorphology and Its Taxonomic Value of the Genus Sanicula L. in China (Apiaceae)
by Boni Song, Feng Yong, Changkun Liu, Yunyi Wang, Lei Yang, Lian Chen, Yuan Wang, Songdong Zhou and Xingjin He
Plants 2024, 13(12), 1635; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13121635 - 13 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1717
Abstract
The genus Sanicula L. possesses many medically important plants, belonging to the family Apiaceae. It is one of the most taxonomically difficult taxa, largely due to the great variability in habit, foliage, flowers and fruits. Previous studies have mainly focused on the molecular [...] Read more.
The genus Sanicula L. possesses many medically important plants, belonging to the family Apiaceae. It is one of the most taxonomically difficult taxa, largely due to the great variability in habit, foliage, flowers and fruits. Previous studies have mainly focused on the molecular studies of this genus, and the morphological research for this genus was limited, especially in the micromorphological research. In the current study, we newly obtained leaf materials from twenty-two Sanicula members, fruit and pollen materials from twenty Sanicula members and performed comprehensively micromorphological analyses for this complicated genus. The results of the leaf epidermis showed that the upper and lower epidermis were smooth and glabrous, and the cell shape was polygonal or irregular. The patterns of anticlinal wall were shallowly undulating, deeply undulating, subflat or flat. The cuticular membrane ornamentations were diverse, and some species had epidermal appendage. All Sanicula species observed the stomata in the lower epidermis, and only five species (S. rugulosa, S. elongata, S. hacquetioides, S. tienmuensis and S. elata) observed stomata in the upper epidermis, which can easily identify them from other Sanicula members. In addition, we found that the fruits scarcely compressed, and some fruits had their distinctive shape, such as the fruit shape of S. tienmuensis was subglobose, S. subgiraldii was broadly ovate and S. pengshuiensis was ellipsoid. All Sanicula taxa fruits surfaces were covered with prickles, bristles, protuberance, or tubercles, prickles were either long or short, uncinate or straight, rarely scale-like, ribs inconspicuous or slightly prominent, but the prickles/bristles/tubercles were different in shape, sparseness and arrangement. The vittae were distinct in S. rubriflora, S. chinensis, S. caerulescens, S. pengshuiensis, S. pauciflora, S. lamelligera, S. oviformis, S. flavovirens and S. elata, and the remaining taxa were obscure. These findings indicated that the fruits can clearly distinguish these Sanicula members. Furthermore, the micromorphological characteristics of pollen showed that the equatorial view included four shapes: ellipsoid, subrectangular, equatorially constricted and super-rectangular-equatorially constricted; and the polar view possessed four shapes: triangular, triangular–circular, suborbicular and trilobate circular. The germ furrow and the outer wall ornamentation of all Sanicula taxa were quite similar, indicating that the genus was a natural unit. In summary, our study promoted the improvement of a taxonomic system for the genus and also provided additional evidence for future taxonomic study of the genus Sanicula. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Systematics, Taxonomy and Floristics of Angiosperms)
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12 pages, 4888 KiB  
Article
Expanding the Distribution of Prosthechea jauana (Orchidaceae) in the Pantepui and Highlighting the Urgent Need for Conservation Strategies in the Region in Face of Climate Change
by Tiago L. Vieira, Rafael G. Barbosa-Silva, André L. Acosta and Cássio van den Berg
Plants 2024, 13(2), 222; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13020222 - 13 Jan 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1429
Abstract
Prosthechea jauana has been recognized as an orchid species endemic to the Venezuelan tepui. The first record of P. jauana in Brazil is presented here, also from a tepui in the Southern phytogeographical district of Pantepui in the Serra do Aracá, at the [...] Read more.
Prosthechea jauana has been recognized as an orchid species endemic to the Venezuelan tepui. The first record of P. jauana in Brazil is presented here, also from a tepui in the Southern phytogeographical district of Pantepui in the Serra do Aracá, at the northern border of the Amazonas state. A detailed morphological description and images of the specimen are presented, as well as an updated distribution map, preliminary conservation status assessment, and taxonomic notes about the species. In addition, we provide species’ distribution models for P. jauana based on current and future bioclimatic data. Future projections suggest that the geographic distribution of P. jauana will likely be severely affected, with ~79% of its suitable habitat being reduced by 2041–2060 and ~92% by 2061–2080. Prosthechea jauana could represent a flag species and an example of how climate change may affect the endemic Pantepui flora. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Systematics, Taxonomy and Floristics of Angiosperms)
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