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Diversity and Evolution of Asteraceae
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Diversity and Evolution of Asteraceae

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Systematics, Taxonomy, Nomenclature and Classification".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 December 2022) | Viewed by 9050

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Inés Álvarez

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Guest Editor
Department of Biodiversity and Conservation, Real Jardín Botánico (CSIC), 28014 Madrid, Spain
Interests: systematics; evolution; population genetics; hybridization; reproductive biology; Asteraceae
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Tiangang Gao

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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany &Herbarium, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
Interests: taxonomy; systematics; evolution; Asteraceae; Astereae; Pertyeae; Artemisia
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Gustavo Heiden

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Embrapa Clima Temperado, Pelotas 96001-970, Brazil
Interests: systematics; biogeography; evolution; conservation; applied botany; Asteraceae
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Alfonso Susanna

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Guest Editor
Department of Plant Diversity and Evolution, Botanic Institute of Barcelona (IBB, CSIC‐Ajuntament de Barcelona), Pg. Migdia, s.n. , 08038 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: systematics; phylogeography; speciation; polyploidy; Compositae
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over time, the great effort in research made by Synantherologists around the world on the mega-diverse Asteraceae (Compositae) has allowed us to obtain a neat picture of this extraordinary family of flowering plants which comprises more than 25,000 species and 1700 genera distributed in five continents. The relevance of this plant group reaches areas other than biology, with a diverse array of applied uses in fields such as pharmacy and agronomy due to several species with high economic value.

However, knowledge of several lineages within this family has not been evenly accomplished. Although a robust backbone for the Asteraceae phylogeny is already available, it is still incomplete for some groups. On one hand, rapid massive radiations and successful dispersals occurred along the Asteraceae evolution, giving rise to large and complex groups, each of them represented by thousands of species occupying diverse habitats and wide geographic distributions such as the tribes Astereae, Cardueae, Eupatorieae, and Senecioneae, among others. On the other hand, hotspots of biodiversity for this plant family worldwide, such as South America, Asia, and the Mediterranean climate areas, have not been explored enough, and many lineages exclusive of those areas are still poorly known.

In the last decade, the increasing number of relevant findings on this topic drives the need for frequent updating. The publication of Special Issues such as the one presented here aims to bring together the most recent findings on the diversity and evolution of Asteraceae, contributing to that goal.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in Taxonomy.

Dr. Inés Álvarez
Dr. Tiangang Gao
Dr. Gustavo Heiden
Dr. Alfonso Susanna
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biogeography
  • Compositae
  • conservation
  • cytogenetics
  • ecology
  • phylogenetics
  • phylogenomics
  • population genetics
  • systematics

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2959 KiB  
Article
Centaurea Subsect. Phalolepis (Compositae, Cardueae): A Case Study of Mountain-Driven Allopatric Speciation in the Mediterranean Peninsulas
by Núria Garcia-Jacas, Jordi López-Pujol, Neus Nualart, Sonia Herrando-Moraira, Konstantin Romaschenko, Ming-Xun Ren and Alfonso Susanna
Plants 2023, 12(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12010011 - 20 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1381
Abstract
Centaurea subsection Phalolepis has been thoroughly analyzed in previous studies using microsatellites in four centers of speciation: Anatolia, Greece, the Italian Peninsula and the Iberian Peninsula. Evidence suggests a correlation between taxon diversity and mountains. This group constituted a good case study for [...] Read more.
Centaurea subsection Phalolepis has been thoroughly analyzed in previous studies using microsatellites in four centers of speciation: Anatolia, Greece, the Italian Peninsula and the Iberian Peninsula. Evidence suggests a correlation between taxon diversity and mountains. This group constituted a good case study for examining the mountain–geobiodiversity hypothesis (MGH), which explains the possible reasons for the many radiations occurring in mountains across the world. We combined all the datasets and carried out analyses of their genetic structure to confirm the species of subsect. Phalolepis are grouped according to a geographic pattern. We then checked whether climatic fluctuations favored the “species pump” hypothesis in the mountains by using the Climatic Stability Index (CSI). Finally, the relief of the terrain was tested against the rate of allopatric speciation by region by means of Terrain Ruggedness Index and environmental gradients through our new Climate Niche Breadth Index. Our results supported the MGH hypothesis and confirmed that the main triggers, namely altitudinal zonation, climatic oscillations and rugged terrain, must be present for the development of a radiation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity and Evolution of Asteraceae)
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14 pages, 4879 KiB  
Article
A Morphometric Analysis of the Santolina chamaecyparissus Complex (Asteraceae)
by Antonio Giacò, Paola De Giorgi, Giovanni Astuti, Paolo Caputo, Miguel Serrano, Rodrigo Carballal, Llorenç Sáez, Gianluigi Bacchetta and Lorenzo Peruzzi
Plants 2022, 11(24), 3458; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11243458 - 9 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1953
Abstract
The genus Santolina (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) includes 26 species of aromatic evergreen shrubs endemic to the western Mediterranean Basin. Santolina is widely used as ornamental plant, in xerigardening, and in ethnobotany. The Santolina chamaecyparissus complex, including about half of the known species diversity, has [...] Read more.
The genus Santolina (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) includes 26 species of aromatic evergreen shrubs endemic to the western Mediterranean Basin. Santolina is widely used as ornamental plant, in xerigardening, and in ethnobotany. The Santolina chamaecyparissus complex, including about half of the known species diversity, has been properly investigated on systematic and taxonomic grounds only recently, and a complete morphometric study is still missing. Here we provide a morphometric characterization and comparison of all the 14 species of this complex, using both univariate and multivariate analyses. Our results suggest that species of this complex can be distinguished using combinations of quantitative and qualitative character-states, mostly related to the leaf morphology. The analysis of S. villosa, a tetraploid/hexaploid Spanish endemic, showed that the two cytotypes cannot be safely identified based on morphology. Coupling this evidence with available phylogenetic information, we conclude that there is no reason to split the two cytotypes of S. villosa in two distinct taxa. An identification key for all the species of the complex is presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity and Evolution of Asteraceae)
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15 pages, 3027 KiB  
Article
A Nomenclatural and Taxonomic Revision of the Senecio squalidus Group (Asteraceae)
by Giulio Barone, Gianniantonio Domina, Fabrizio Bartolucci, Gabriele Galasso and Lorenzo Peruzzi
Plants 2022, 11(19), 2597; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11192597 - 2 Oct 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2477
Abstract
Senecio squalidus (Asteraceae) currently includes nine subspecies distributed in North and Central Europe and in the Mediterranean basin. Within this taxonomic aggregate, many species have been described, but research on their nomenclatural types is incomplete. A complete nomenclatural survey of 19 names belonging [...] Read more.
Senecio squalidus (Asteraceae) currently includes nine subspecies distributed in North and Central Europe and in the Mediterranean basin. Within this taxonomic aggregate, many species have been described, but research on their nomenclatural types is incomplete. A complete nomenclatural survey of 19 names belonging to this taxonomically critical group was carried out. Fourteen lectotypes are here designated. The nomenclatural analysis, complemented by field investigations in the type localities of the taxa described in the Central Mediterranean, allowed us to accept 10 species. Accordingly, we proposed here a new name and a new missing combination at a specific level: S. aknoulensis and S. calabrus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity and Evolution of Asteraceae)
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30 pages, 4546 KiB  
Article
A Multigene Phylogeny of Native American Hawkweeds (Hieracium Subgen. Chionoracium, Cichorieae, Asteraceae): Origin, Speciation Patterns, and Migration Routes
by Judith Fehrer, Yann J. K. Bertrand, Matthias Hartmann, Petra Caklová, Jiřina Josefiová, Siegfried Bräutigam and Jindřich Chrtek
Plants 2022, 11(19), 2584; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11192584 - 30 Sep 2022
Viewed by 2136
Abstract
Native American hawkweeds are mainly mountainous species that are distributed all over the New World. They are severely understudied with respect to their origin, colonization of the vast distribution area, and species relationships. Here, we attempt to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the [...] Read more.
Native American hawkweeds are mainly mountainous species that are distributed all over the New World. They are severely understudied with respect to their origin, colonization of the vast distribution area, and species relationships. Here, we attempt to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the group by applying seven molecular markers (plastid, nuclear ribosomal and low-copy genes). Phylogenetic analyses revealed that Chionoracium is a subgenus of the mainly Eurasian genus Hieracium, which originated from eastern European hawkweeds about 1.58–2.24 million years ago. Plastid DNA suggested a single origin of all Chionoracium species. They colonized the New World via Beringia and formed several distinct lineages in North America. Via one Central American lineage, the group colonized South America and radiated into more than a hundred species within about 0.8 million years, long after the closure of the Isthmus of Panama and the most recent uplift of the Andes. Despite some incongruences shown by different markers, most of them revealed the same crown groups of closely related taxa, which were, however, largely in conflict with traditional sectional classifications. We provide a basic framework for further elucidation of speciation patterns. A thorough taxonomic revision of Hieracium subgen. Chionoracium is recommended. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity and Evolution of Asteraceae)
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