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Photonics
Special Issues
Ultrafast Optics and Applications
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Ultrafast Optics and Applications

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732). This special issue belongs to the section "Lasers, Light Sources and Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 August 2024) | Viewed by 9270

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Chao Mei

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Center for Convergence Networks and Ubiquitous Services, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: nonlinear optics; ultrashort optics; mode-locking lasers; pulse compression; integrated optics
Dr. Xinyang Su

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Physical Science and Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
Interests: fiber lasers; nonlinear optics; mid-infrared lasers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Renlai Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of In-Fiber Integrated Optics, Ministry Education of China, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
Interests: mode-locking lasers and applications; ultrashort optics; nonlinear optics; mid-infrared laser; integrated optics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ultrafast optics is among the most important areas of optics and deals with ultrafast phenomena, i.e., phenomena which occur at the shortest time scales known in science, ranging from picoseconds to femtoseconds to attoseconds. Ultrafast optics describes the process by which light interacts with matter. Thus, on the one hand, we can use ultrashort pulses to probe ultrafast processes inside matter such as femtosecond dynamics of electrons, light-induced phase changes, chemical reactions, and processes in plasmas. On the other hand, we can use the effect of matter on light to control light amplification, shaping, frequency conversion, and spectrum broadening. As a cutting-edge subject, ultrafast optics has important applications in many fields, covering areas of optical imaging, optical computing, optical sensing and communication, and various types of advanced light sources.

This Special Issue, entitled “Ultrafast Optics and Applications”, will welcome basic, methodological and applied cutting-edge research contributions, as regular and review papers, addressing:

  • Efficient methods for the generation of high-order harmonic, attosecond pulse and attosecond pulse spectroscopy;
  • Advanced technology of mode-locked laser for high peak power and ultrashort pulses;
  • High-energy, short-pulse laser systems in the deep ultraviolet (or extreme deep ultraviolet) and mid-infrared bands;
  • The development of ultrafast imaging and technology for coherent X-ray diffraction imaging;
  • Advanced industrial laser sources to manufacture and process different materials;
  • Ultrafast optical technologies and methods for communication devices, sensors, medical aesthetic tools, etc.

Dr. Chao Mei
Dr. Xinyang Su
Dr. Renlai Zhou
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • ultrashort pulses
  • mode-locked lasers
  • high harmonic generation
  • nonlinear effects
  • time-resolved spectroscopy
  • pump–probe measurements
  • optical parametric oscillator
  • nonlinear crystal
  • optical parametric amplification
  • ultraviolet optics

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 1738 KiB  
Article
An Effective Model for Capturing the Role of Excitonic Interactions in the Wave-Packet Dynamics of DNA Nucleobases
by Tong Guan, Ajay Jha, Pan-Pan Zhang and Hong-Guang Duan
Photonics 2024, 11(6), 566; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11060566 - 17 Jun 2024
Viewed by 882
Abstract
Investigating exciton dynamics within DNA nucleobases is essential for comprehensively understanding how inherent photostability mechanisms function at the molecular level, particularly in the context of life’s resilience to solar radiation. In this paper, we introduce a mathematical model that effectively simulates the photoexcitation [...] Read more.
Investigating exciton dynamics within DNA nucleobases is essential for comprehensively understanding how inherent photostability mechanisms function at the molecular level, particularly in the context of life’s resilience to solar radiation. In this paper, we introduce a mathematical model that effectively simulates the photoexcitation and deactivation dynamics of nucleobases within an ultrafast timeframe, particularly focusing on wave-packet dynamics under conditions of strong nonadiabatic coupling. Employing the hierarchy equation of motion, we simulate two-dimensional electronic spectra (2DES) and calibrate our model by comparing it with experimentally obtained spectra. This study also explores the effects of base stacking on the photo-deactivation dynamics in DNA. Our results demonstrate that, while strong excitonic interactions between nucleobases are present, they have a minimal impact on the deactivation dynamics of the wave packet in the electronic excited states. We further observe that the longevity of electronic excited states increases with additional base stacking and pairing, a phenomenon accurately depicted by our excitonic model. This model enables a detailed examination of the wave packet’s motion on electronic excited states and its rapid transition to the ground state. Additionally, using this model, we studied base stacks in DNA hairpins to effectively capture the primary exciton dynamics at a reasonable computational scale. Overall, this work provides a valuable framework for studying exciton dynamics from single nucleobases to complex structures such as DNA hairpins. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ultrafast Optics and Applications)
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15 pages, 17807 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Pulse Shaping on Coherent Dynamics near a Conical Intersection
by Qici Deng, Junjie Yu, Hongguang Duan and Hongxing He
Photonics 2024, 11(6), 511; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11060511 - 27 May 2024
Viewed by 1067
Abstract
Utilizing lasers to probe microscopic physical processes is a crucial tool in contemporary physics research, where the influence of laser properties on excitation processes is a focal point for scientists. In this study, we investigated the impact of laser pulses on the quantum [...] Read more.
Utilizing lasers to probe microscopic physical processes is a crucial tool in contemporary physics research, where the influence of laser properties on excitation processes is a focal point for scientists. In this study, we investigated the impact of laser pulses on the quantum yield of electronic wave packets near conical intersections (CIs). To do so, we employed the time non-local quantum master equation to calculate the time-evolution dynamics of wave packets on excited-state potential energy surfaces (PESs) and projected them onto effective reaction coordinates. The waveform of laser pulses was manipulated by varying the relative amplitude, pulse duration, and center wavelengths of Gaussian profiles. Our calculations revealed that the shape of laser pulses has a discernible impact on the dynamic evolution of electrons in excited states. Furthermore, our research indicated that different pulse profiles exhibit a maximum variation of 6.88% in the quantum yields of electronic wave packets near CIs. Our calculations demonstrate the influence of laser pulse waveform on excitation processes, providing a feasible method for exploring the coherent control of wave packets at conical intersections characterized by strong nonadiabatic coupling. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ultrafast Optics and Applications)
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16 pages, 4492 KiB  
Article
Electrical Relaxation and Transport Properties of ZnGeP2 and 4H-SiC Crystals Measured with Terahertz Spectroscopy
by Vladimir I. Voevodin, Valentin N. Brudnyi, Yury S. Sarkisov, Xinyang Su and Sergey Yu. Sarkisov
Photonics 2023, 10(7), 827; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10070827 - 16 Jul 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1853
Abstract
Terahertz photoconductivity and charge carrier recombination dynamics at two-photon (ZnGeP2) and three-photon (4H-SiC) excitation were studied. Thermally annealed, high-energy electron-irradiated and Sc-doped ZnGeP2 crystals were tested. The terahertz charge carrier mobilities were extracted from both the differential terahertz transmission at [...] Read more.
Terahertz photoconductivity and charge carrier recombination dynamics at two-photon (ZnGeP2) and three-photon (4H-SiC) excitation were studied. Thermally annealed, high-energy electron-irradiated and Sc-doped ZnGeP2 crystals were tested. The terahertz charge carrier mobilities were extracted from both the differential terahertz transmission at a specified photoexcitation condition and the Drude–Smith fitting of the photoconductivity spectra. The determined terahertz charge carrier mobility values are ~453 cm2/V·s for 4H-SiC and ~37 cm2/V·s for ZnGeP2 crystals. The charge carrier lifetimes and the contributions from various recombination mechanisms were determined at different injection levels using the model, which takes into account the influence of bulk and surface Shockley–Read–Hall (SRH) recombination, interband radiative transitions and interband and trap-assisted Auger recombination. It was found that ZnGeP2 possesses short charge carrier lifetimes (a~0.01 ps−1, b~6 × 10−19 cm3·ps−1 and c~7 × 10−40 cm6·ps−1) compared with 4H-SiC (a~0.001 ps−1, b~3 × 10−18 cm3·ps−1 and c~2 × 10−36 cm6·ps−1), i.e., τ~100 ps and τ~1 ns at the limit of relatively low injection, when the contribution from Auger and interband radiative recombination is small. The thermal annealing of as-grown ZnGeP2 crystals and the electron irradiation reduced the charge carrier lifetime, while their doping with 0.01 mass % of Sc increased the charger carrier lifetime and reduced mobility. It was found that the dark terahertz complex conductivity of the measured crystals is not fitted by the Drude–Smith model with reasonable parameters, while their terahertz photoconductivity can be fitted with acceptable accuracy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ultrafast Optics and Applications)
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13 pages, 4379 KiB  
Article
Non-Collinear Attosecond Streaking without the Time Delay Scan
by Peng Xu, Xianglin Wang, Huabao Cao, Hao Yuan, Liang-Wen Pi, Yishan Wang, Yuxi Fu, Yonglin Bai and Wei Zhao
Photonics 2023, 10(3), 331; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10030331 - 20 Mar 2023
Viewed by 3579
Abstract
Attosecond streaking provides an extremely high temporal resolution for characterizing light pulses and photoionization processes with attosecond (10−18 s) accuracy, which employs a laser as a streaking field to deflect electrons generated by photoionization. The current attosecond streaking requires a time delay [...] Read more.
Attosecond streaking provides an extremely high temporal resolution for characterizing light pulses and photoionization processes with attosecond (10−18 s) accuracy, which employs a laser as a streaking field to deflect electrons generated by photoionization. The current attosecond streaking requires a time delay scan between the attosecond pulses and streaking field with attosecond accuracy and a femtosecond range, which is difficult to realize real-time measurement. In this study, we theoretically propose a non-collinear attosecond streaking scheme without the time delay scan, enabling real-time and even the potential to perform single-shot attosecond pulse measurement. In the proposal, time-delay information is projected into longitudinal space, both horizontally and vertically, enabling attosecond pulse characterization with temporal-spatial coupling. From our calculation, down to 70 as pulses with pulse front and wavefront tilt are characterized with high accuracy. Our study not only provides a method toward real-time attosecond pulse measurement, but also an approach for attosecond pump-probe experiments without time delay scan. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ultrafast Optics and Applications)
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