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Photonics
Special Issues
Optical Vortex: Fundamentals and Applications
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Optical Vortex: Fundamentals and Applications

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2024) | Viewed by 4023

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Yuhao Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Advanced Science Research Center (ASRC), The City College of New York, 85 St. Nicholas Terrace, New York, NY 10031, USA
Interests: electromagnetics; nanophotonics; metasurfaces; nonlinear optics; non-Hermitian system; topology photonics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

An optical vortex refers to the spatial modes of light that are featured with axial-phase singularity. This topological structure arises from its helicoidal phase front with topological charge ℓ around the phase singularity. It is also referred to as the optical angular momentum (OAM) of ℓћ, with respect to the spin angular momentum (SAM) (±ћ per photon) associated with the photon polarization. Light fields carrying OAM have opened new perspectives in the optical research realm due to various fascinating attributes, such as the optical tweezer, optical microscopy and metrology, quantum communication, lasing, etc. The novel OV properties characterized by high-order Gaussian beam modes, such as the Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) modes, Hermite–Gaussian (HG) modes, and Ince–Gaussian (IG) modes, also spawn tremendous research interest in the high-order integer/fractional OAM and its orthogonal space spans. Vortex beam generation techniques have also been developed thoroughly for the past three decades. Approaches such as spiral-phase plates, computer-generated holograms, phase-coded metaatoms, SAM–OAM coupling based on the Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) phase, and so on are proposed to realize the spiral topology for spatial light or on-chip integrated devices.

We are pleased to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue on the fundamentals and applications of an optical vortex.

Dr. Yuhao Wu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • spin-orbit coupling and optical angular momentum (OAM)
  • Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) modes and fractional-order OAM
  • geometric phases and topological photonics
  • OV multiplexity and multicasting
  • integrated on-chip OAM lasing
  • optical trapping and rotating
  • quantum communication and information
  • optical microscopy and metrology

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 7222 KiB  
Article
Investigation of the Propagation Characteristics of Double-Ring Perfect Vortex Beams in Atmospheric Turbulence
by Xiang Xu, Chuankai Luo, Xianmei Qian and Wenyue Zhu
Photonics 2024, 11(8), 768; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11080768 - 16 Aug 2024
Viewed by 763
Abstract
Double-ring perfect vortex beams (DR–PVBs) have attracted increasing attention due to their unique characteristics of carrying independent information channels and exhibiting higher security and stability during propagation. In this study, we theoretically simulated and experimentally generated DR–PVBs with various topological charges. We investigated [...] Read more.
Double-ring perfect vortex beams (DR–PVBs) have attracted increasing attention due to their unique characteristics of carrying independent information channels and exhibiting higher security and stability during propagation. In this study, we theoretically simulated and experimentally generated DR–PVBs with various topological charges. We investigated the propagation characteristics of these beams under von Karman spectrum turbulence conditions through numerical simulations based on multiple-phase screen methods. The effects of different inner and outer ring topological charges and varying turbulence intensities on the intensity distribution, beam spreading, and beam wander of DR–PVBs over different propagation distances were examined and compared with double-ring Gaussian vortex beams (DR–GVBs). The simulation results indicate that within a propagation range of 0–500 m, the effective radius of DR–PVBs with different topological charges remains essentially unchanged and stable. For propagation distances exceeding 1000 m, DR–PVBs exhibit superior beam wander characteristics compared to DR–GVBs. Additionally, two occurrences of self-focusing effects were observed during propagation, each enhancing beam stability and reducing the beam spreading and beam wander of the DR–PVBs. This study provides valuable insights for applications of DR–PVBs in optical communication, optical manipulation, and optical measurement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Vortex: Fundamentals and Applications)
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20 pages, 7423 KiB  
Article
Modelling and Analysis of Vector and Vector Vortex Beams Reflection for Optical Sensing
by Wangke Yu and Jize Yan
Photonics 2024, 11(8), 729; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11080729 - 4 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1220
Abstract
Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) sensors can precisely determine object distances using the pulsed time of flight (TOF) or amplitude-modulated continuous wave (AMCW) TOF methods and velocity using the frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) approach. In this paper, we focus on modelling and analysing [...] Read more.
Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) sensors can precisely determine object distances using the pulsed time of flight (TOF) or amplitude-modulated continuous wave (AMCW) TOF methods and velocity using the frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) approach. In this paper, we focus on modelling and analysing the reflection of vector beams (VBs) and vector vortex beams (VVBs) for optical sensing in LiDAR applications. Unlike traditional TOF and FMCW methods, this novel approach uses VBs and VVBs as detection signals to measure the orientation of reflecting surfaces. A key component of this sensing scheme is understanding the relationship between the characteristics of the reflected optical fields and the orientation of the reflecting surface. To this end, we develop a computational model for the reflection of VBs and VVBs. This model allows us to investigate critical aspects of the reflected field, such as intensity distribution, intensity centroid offset, reflectance, and the variation of the intensity range measured along the azimuthal direction. By thoroughly analysing these characteristics, we aim to enhance the functionality of LiDAR sensors in detecting the orientation of reflecting surfaces. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Vortex: Fundamentals and Applications)
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Review

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44 pages, 4819 KiB  
Review
Photonic Angular Momentum in Intense Light–Matter Interactions
by Alex Schimmoller, Spencer Walker and Alexandra S. Landsman
Photonics 2024, 11(9), 871; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11090871 - 17 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1293
Abstract
Light contains both spin and orbital angular momentum. Despite contributing equally to the total photonic angular momentum, these components derive from quite different parts of the electromagnetic field profile, namely its polarization and spatial variation, respectively, and therefore do not always share equal [...] Read more.
Light contains both spin and orbital angular momentum. Despite contributing equally to the total photonic angular momentum, these components derive from quite different parts of the electromagnetic field profile, namely its polarization and spatial variation, respectively, and therefore do not always share equal influence in light–matter interactions. With the growing interest in utilizing light’s orbital angular momentum to practice added control in the study of atomic systems, it becomes increasingly important for students and researchers to understand the subtlety involved in these interactions. In this article, we present a review of the fundamental concepts and recent experiments related to the interaction of beams containing orbital angular momentum with atoms. An emphasis is placed on understanding light’s angular momentum from the perspective of both classical waves and individual photons. We then review the application of these beams in recent experiments, namely single- and few-photon transitions, strong-field ionization, and high-harmonic generation, highlighting the role of light’s orbital angular momentum and the atom’s location within the beam profile within each case. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Vortex: Fundamentals and Applications)
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