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Photonics
Special Issues
Optical Measurement Systems and Instruments
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Optical Measurement Systems and Instruments

A special issue of Photonics (ISSN 2304-6732).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 9036

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Dengwei Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
Interests: magnetic-optical sensing; magnetic field distribution measurement; optical high magnetic field measurement; optical weak magnetic field detection; optical fiber sensor
Dr. Heming Wei

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Communication and Information Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
Interests: fiber-optic sensors and systems; 3D printing; structural health monitoring
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Cui Liang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
Interests: magnetic-optics sensor; optical non-contact measurement

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Experiments are an important form of scientific inquiry. Measurements are an important part of scientific experiment, the main way for physics to obtain data, the basis for physics research and summary, and an indispensable process in scientific research and engineering application. Optical measurement systems and instruments are playing a more and more important role in current scientific research and engineering applications due to their high accuracy. The external electric field, magnetic field, stress strain, distance, absorption, and other physical quantities are applied to the optical carrier, which changes the intensity, amplitude, frequency, wavelength, polarization state, and other parameters of light. It is the basic idea of current optical measurement systems and instruments to measure the external physical quantities by using the refraction, reflection, scattering, transmission, absorption, optical rotation, material stimulated radiation, interference, diffraction, and other phenomena of light.

This Special Issue invites manuscripts that introduce the recent advances in “Optical measurement systems and instruments”. All theoretical, numerical, and experimental papers are welcome. Topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Magnetic field measurement technology and instrument based on optical principle
  • Optical fiber stress and strain measurement system and instrument
  • Optical refractive index measurement system and instrument
  • Optical angular velocity/acceleration measuring instrument
  • Application and instrument of special optical fiber technology
  • Improvement technology for environmental adaptability of optical measurement system and instrument
  • Optical scanning system and instrument
  • High-power optical fiber transmission technology and instrument
  • Optical non-contact measuring system and instrument
  • Optical navigation system and instrument

Prof. Dr. Dengwei Zhang
Dr. Heming Wei
Dr. Cui Liang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Photonics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • magnetic field
  • optical fiber stress and strain
  • optical refractive index
  • optical angular velocity/acceleration
  • special optical fiber
  • environmental adaptability of optical system
  • optical scanning system
  • high-power optical fiber transmission
  • optical non-contact measuring
  • optical navigation

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 17443 KiB  
Article
Station Arrangement Optimization of Photoelectric Theodolites Based on Efficient Traversing Discrete Points
by Zhenyu Miao, Yaobin Li, Chong Wang, Yi Yu and Zhenyu Liu
Photonics 2023, 10(8), 870; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10080870 - 27 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1006
Abstract
Station arrangement optimization of photoelectric theodolites in shooting ranges presents a non-convex and non-linear problem, and the method required to seek the global optimal solution remains an open question. This paper proposes an efficient traversal algorithm that could solve this problem by utilizing [...] Read more.
Station arrangement optimization of photoelectric theodolites in shooting ranges presents a non-convex and non-linear problem, and the method required to seek the global optimal solution remains an open question. This paper proposes an efficient traversal algorithm that could solve this problem by utilizing discretization of regions with a finite length of mesh, in which both the terrain of the station arrangement region and the observation airspace region are discretized through triangulation. To enhance the computational efficiency of the traversal algorithm, two strategies are employed to speed up the calculation: reducing the dimension of the observation airspace and using the Euclidean distance matrix to compute the intersection angle. After the global optimal solution with discrete finite precision was obtained through the traversal algorithm, it was then used as the initial points for local mesh refinement and to implement gradient-based optimization in order to further improve the precision of the solution. The proposed approach is demonstrated to be practical through application to numerical examples used for the optimization of station arrangements that involve two to four stations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Measurement Systems and Instruments)
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16 pages, 5401 KiB  
Article
Laser Ultrasonic Automatic Detection Method for Surface Microcracks on Metallic Cylinders
by Yanjie Zhang, Zhiqi Xu, Siyu Feng, Haowei Zhang, Wei Wang, Yaxing Liu, Bo Zhu and Wei Shi
Photonics 2023, 10(7), 798; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10070798 - 10 Jul 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1470
Abstract
Metallic cylinders are widely used in various fields of industrial production, and the automatic detection of surface microcracks is of great significance to the subsequent grinding process. In this paper, laser-excited surface acoustic waves (SAW) are used to detect surface microcracks. Due to [...] Read more.
Metallic cylinders are widely used in various fields of industrial production, and the automatic detection of surface microcracks is of great significance to the subsequent grinding process. In this paper, laser-excited surface acoustic waves (SAW) are used to detect surface microcracks. Due to the dispersion of SAWs on the cylinder surface, the SAWs exhibit different polarities at different positions. In order to improve the consistency of signals and the accuracy of the modeling, the angle at which the polarity is completely reversed is selected as the detection point. A laser ultrasonic automatic detection system is established to obtain signals, and the B-scan image is drawn to determine the location of the microcrack. By comparing the time–frequency diagrams of the reflected SAWs and transmitted SAWs, the transmitted wave is chosen to establish the microcrack depth prediction model. In addition, according to the trajectory of the grinding wheel, a prediction model based on the absolute depth of the microcracks is established, and the influence of the orientation of the microcracks on the signal energy is considered. The method proposed in this paper can provide a reference for the rapid grinding of microcracks on the surface of metallic cylinders; it has the characteristics of visualization and high efficiency, and overcomes the shortcomings of the currently used eddy current testing that provides information on the depth of microcracks with difficulty. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Measurement Systems and Instruments)
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16 pages, 8095 KiB  
Article
A Measurement System with High Precision and Large Range for Structured Surface Metrology Based on Atomic Force Microscope
by Junjie Wu, Xiaoyu Cai, Jiasi Wei, Chen Wang, Yong Zhou and Kaixin Sun
Photonics 2023, 10(3), 289; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10030289 - 10 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2043
Abstract
With the rapid and continuous development of nanomanufacturing technology, the demands for both large range and high precision metrology of structured surfaces are becoming increasingly urgent. This paper proposes a metrological measurement system based on a commercial atomic force microscope. By using the [...] Read more.
With the rapid and continuous development of nanomanufacturing technology, the demands for both large range and high precision metrology of structured surfaces are becoming increasingly urgent. This paper proposes a metrological measurement system based on a commercial atomic force microscope. By using the nano-positioning platform from SIOS, the measurement range of the system expands from 110 μm × 110 μm × 20 μm to 25 mm × 25 mm × 5 mm. A signal amplifier with low noise and a high common mode rejection ratio that decreases the noise level of the measurement system to 2 nm is designed. Integration of the metrological system, signal processing, and calibration of the whole system is introduced. Three experimental studies are carried out on an ultrahigh step, an atomic deposition grating, and a cutting tool. The experimental results demonstrate high measurement repeatability and reproducibility in both vertical and lateral directions. By repeating 10 times of measurement, the expended uncertainties of the step and the grating measurement are 36.24 nm and 0.60 nm, respectively. Additionally, measurement of a cutting tool tip is conducted to illustrate the performance of the system. The Ra and Rz values of the tool tip arc ripple are 29.8 nm and 189 nm, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Measurement Systems and Instruments)
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9 pages, 4620 KiB  
Communication
Temperature-Insensitive Ferrofluid-Clad Microfiber Bragg Grating for Magnetic Field Sensing
by Haimei Luo, Yangyang Liu, Liyuan Nie, Zeng Wang, Xiaoyong Gao, Yifan Wang, Jiajia Zhao, Guiqiang Liu and Shaoyi Xu
Photonics 2023, 10(3), 249; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10030249 - 26 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1349
Abstract
In this paper, a temperature-insensitive ferrofluid (FF)-clad microfiber Bragg Grating (MF-BG) magnetic field sensor is proposed. Through optimizing the diameter of MF-BG, we can effectively suppress its thermal property. The experimental research results show that when the diameter of MF-BG is ~2.94 μm, [...] Read more.
In this paper, a temperature-insensitive ferrofluid (FF)-clad microfiber Bragg Grating (MF-BG) magnetic field sensor is proposed. Through optimizing the diameter of MF-BG, we can effectively suppress its thermal property. The experimental research results show that when the diameter of MF-BG is ~2.94 μm, its reflection spectrum shift owing to ambient temperature change can be substantially small within the range of 20–80 °C. The thermal stable sensor has a magnetic field sensitivity of 0.667 pm/Gs with a linearity of more than 0.985 at 20 °C. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Measurement Systems and Instruments)
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8 pages, 1230 KiB  
Communication
Fiber Optic All-Polarization Weak Magnetic Field Sensor Based on Sagnac Interferometer
by Cui Liang, Zhihang Zhang, Dengwei Zhang, Tengchao Huang and Shuangliang Che
Photonics 2023, 10(2), 101; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics10020101 - 17 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2320
Abstract
A novel fiber-optic magnetic field sensor, based on a Sagnac structure, is proposed with the approach of polarization interference detection. The sensor takes advantage of common path interference, combining with a high magnetic field sensitivity sensing unit, composed of magneto-optical crystal, and magnetic [...] Read more.
A novel fiber-optic magnetic field sensor, based on a Sagnac structure, is proposed with the approach of polarization interference detection. The sensor takes advantage of common path interference, combining with a high magnetic field sensitivity sensing unit, composed of magneto-optical crystal, and magnetic field concentrators, to achieve high resolution, high stability, and large dynamic measurement of DC magnetic field signals. In this paper, the theoretical model is established and the related theory is derived in detail. The key technologies in the system are thoroughly investigated and verified. Experimental research on the proposed system is demonstrated and the results show that a DC magnetic field resolution of 5.6 nT and a dynamic range of larger than 70 dB is achieved. Furthermore, the linearity of the system is greater than 99.8% and the instability is less than 0.5%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Measurement Systems and Instruments)
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