Advances in Solid-Phase Peptide and Oligonucleotide Synthesis: Methods, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Applications

A special issue of Pharmaceuticals (ISSN 1424-8247). This special issue belongs to the section "Biopharmaceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2026 | Viewed by 4217

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
Interests: peptide sciences; drug design; medicinal chemistry

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Guest Editor
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific-Northwest, Western University of Health Sciences, 200 Mullins Drive, Lebanon, OR 97355, USA
Interests: peptide-based drug delivery; siRNA; anticancer drug; peptide therapeutics; peptide–drug conjugate; antimicrobial peptides; neurotherapeutics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Solid-phase synthesis remains one of the most powerful and versatile techniques for the preparation of bioactive molecules, enabling the rapid assembly, modification, and optimization of peptides and oligonucleotides (TIDEs) with therapeutic potential. Over the past decade, significant advances have been made in resin chemistry, coupling reagents, automation, and orthogonal protection strategies—paving the way for the more sustainable and scalable synthesis of complex TIDEs.

This Special Issue aims to highlight cutting-edge developments in solid-phase peptide and oligonucleotide synthesis, covering innovations in methodology, automation, linker and protecting group design, and hybrid chemoenzymatic approaches. We also welcome studies focused on structure–activity relationships, conjugation strategies, post-synthetic modifications, and the application of synthetic peptides and oligonucleotides in drug discovery, diagnostics, and biotechnology.

By bringing together contributions from both academia and industry, this Special Issue seeks to bridge the gap between synthetic innovation and therapeutic application, showcasing how advances in chemical synthesis continue to transform modern medicinal chemistry and molecular therapeutics.

Dr. Danah AlShaer
Dr. Rakesh Tiwari
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS)
  • oligonucleotide synthesis
  • hybrid chemical–enzymatic methods
  • peptide therapeutics
  • drug design and discovery
  • sustainable synthesis
  • automation and process optimization
  • resin and linker chemistry
  • post-synthetic modification
  • structure–activity relationships

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

13 pages, 866 KB  
Review
2025 FDA TIDES (Peptides and Oligonucleotides) Harvest
by Danah AlShaer, Othman Al Musaimi, Fernando Albericio and Beatriz G. de la Torre
Pharmaceuticals 2026, 19(2), 244; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph19020244 - 30 Jan 2026
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3700
Abstract
In 2025, the FDA approved 46 novel drugs, including four TIDEs (one peptide, three oligonucleotides, and one antibody drug conjugate containing peptide as a payload). The three approved oligonucleotide therapeutics—fitusiran, donidalorsen, and plozasiran—bring the total number of approved oligonucleotide drugs to 24 across [...] Read more.
In 2025, the FDA approved 46 novel drugs, including four TIDEs (one peptide, three oligonucleotides, and one antibody drug conjugate containing peptide as a payload). The three approved oligonucleotide therapeutics—fitusiran, donidalorsen, and plozasiran—bring the total number of approved oligonucleotide drugs to 24 across 16 clinical indications since 1998. Fitusiran and donidalorsen are the first oligonucleotide therapies approved for antithrombin deficiency and hereditary angioedema, respectively, while plozasiran represents the second approved therapy for familial chylomicronemia syndrome. All three agents employ GalNAc-mediated hepatocyte targeting, highlighting the continued importance of liver-directed delivery platforms in oligonucleotide drug development and underscoring the growing clinical maturity of this therapeutic class. Peptide-based therapeutics continue to emerge as pioneering treatments for longstanding diseases. In 2025, elamipretide further expanded this paradigm by becoming the first disease-specific treatment approved for Barth syndrome. This review provides an overview of TIDES approved in 2025, with emphasis on their chemical structures, medical targets, modes of action, routes of administration, and associated adverse effects. Full article
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