Innate Immune Response and Pathogen Dynamics
A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunological Responses and Immune Defense Mechanisms".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 3370
Editor
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
The innate immune response is the body's immediate and non-specific defense against a variety of pathogens. It is the first line of defense that is activated upon pathogen invasion and it also plays a crucial role in activating the adaptive immune response. The dynamics between the innate immune system and pathogens are complex, involving various cellular components and mechanisms such as complement activities in response to pathogens, NK activation in response to microbes, neutrophil phagocytosis, NETosis by neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, CD4-CD8-NK, eosinophils, etc.
Pathogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli are recognized by the innate immune system through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which detect conserved microbial structures known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). This recognition triggers the complement system and phagocytosis by neutrophils and macrophages. Viruses like influenza and HIV are targeted by NK cells, which can recognize and kill virus-infected cells without prior sensitization. NK cells are also involved in the production of cytokines that help shape the adaptive immune response. Parasitic infections, such as those caused by Plasmodium species (malaria), are also met with an innate immune response. Eosinophils and macrophages are particularly effective against parasitic infections, utilizing mechanisms such as phagocytosis and the release of toxic granules. The innate immune system also interacts with the commensal microbiota, which can influence immune responses and contribute to host defense against pathogens. This interaction is crucial for maintaining immune homeostasis.
This Special Issue delves into the multifaceted aspects of innate immunity, focusing on how it interacts with and responds to different types of pathogens. We are hoping that many contributors will enjoy this topic and share their findings and insights into the intricate dynamics between the innate immune system and a wide range of pathogens.
Prof. Dr. Guido Sireci
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- complement
- natural killer
- phagocytosis
- DNA extracellular traps release
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