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Effects of Natural Compounds on Atherosclerosis

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemicals and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 October 2026 | Viewed by 814

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Interests: diet; nutrition; prevention; lifestyles; cardiovascular disease; preventive medicine; trajectories; mediterranean diet; obesity

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Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45221 Ioannina, Greece
Interests: lipid disorders; atherosclerosis; thrombosis; stroke; hypertension
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial process influenced by both genetic and lifestyle factors, with diet playing a key role. This Special Issue focuses on the “Effects of Natural Compounds on Atherosclerosis.”

Natural compounds, derived from foods and/or dietary supplements, can modulate multiple aspects of metabolism. In recent years, compounds such as omega-3 fatty acids, polyphenols, plant sterols, and berberine have gained increasing scientific and public attention for their cardioprotective properties, including beneficial effects on body weight, lipid and glucose metabolism, and blood pressure control. Many of these bioactive molecules have been isolated from natural sources and are widely available as dietary supplements.

Given the growing recognition of the synergistic interactions within the food matrix, whole foods such as green tea, nuts, flaxseed, cocoa, and garlic have also been extensively investigated for their protective roles against atherosclerosis.

This Special Issue welcomes original research articles (observational or interventional) as well as review papers, including systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Submissions are particularly encouraged to critically evaluate the quality of the available evidence and to differentiate between food-derived and supplemental sources, taking into account potential safety or toxicity risks associated with excessive intake.

Dr. Evangelia Damigou
Dr. Matilda Florentin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • natural compounds
  • atherosclerosis
  • diet
  • supplements
  • foods
  • nutraceuticals
  • bioactive compounds

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

15 pages, 719 KB  
Review
Thymoquinone in Atherosclerosis: A Multi-Target Nutraceutical Modulating Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Lipid Metabolism
by Weronika Fic, Karolina Kwaśniewska and Ewelina Polak-Szczybyło
Nutrients 2026, 18(9), 1480; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18091480 - 6 May 2026
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Abstract
Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by complex interactions between lipid metabolism disorders, oxidative stress, and immune dysregulation. Despite advances in pharmacotherapy, there is growing interest in nutraceutical compounds with multi-target effects. Thymoquinone (TQ), the main bioactive constituent of Nigella sativa [...] Read more.
Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by complex interactions between lipid metabolism disorders, oxidative stress, and immune dysregulation. Despite advances in pharmacotherapy, there is growing interest in nutraceutical compounds with multi-target effects. Thymoquinone (TQ), the main bioactive constituent of Nigella sativa, has emerged as a promising candidate due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and lipid-modulating properties. This review aims to comprehensively evaluate the effects of TQ on the key pathophysiological mechanisms involved in atherosclerosis, with particular emphasis on inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism. Methods: A narrative review of preclinical studies, including in vitro and in vivo experimental models, was conducted to assess the biological activity of TQ and its potential anti-atherosclerotic effects. Results: TQ exhibits multi-target activity by modulating several molecular pathways associated with atherogenesis. It reduces oxidative stress by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity and decreasing reactive oxygen species production. TQ also suppresses inflammatory signaling pathways, including NF-κB, MAPK, and COX-2, leading to decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Furthermore, it influences lipid metabolism by lowering total cholesterol and LDL-C levels while improving lipid profiles. TQ has also been shown to inhibit foam cell formation, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular inflammation. Additionally, nanocarrier-based formulations of TQ may improve its bioavailability and therapeutic potential. Conclusions: Current preclinical evidence suggests that TQ may play a significant role in the prevention and modulation of atherosclerosis through its multi-mechanistic action. However, the lack of well-designed clinical trials, limited bioavailability, and insufficient data on long-term safety highlight the need for further research to establish its clinical efficacy and optimal therapeutic use. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Natural Compounds on Atherosclerosis)
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