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Nutrients
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Dietary Patterns, Lipid Metabolism and Fatty Liver Disease
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Dietary Patterns, Lipid Metabolism and Fatty Liver Disease

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Lipids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 March 2026 | Viewed by 2131

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Emma Barroso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Interests: diabetes; liver; metabolism; pharmacology; pathology; clinical nutrition
Dr. Laia Vilà

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Interests: insulin resistance; lipid metabolism; glucose metabolism; pharmacology; molecular biology; diabetes; MASLD; metabolic diseases; nutrition; adeno-associated viral vectors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

For years, the impact of diet on metabolic health has been recognized as a growing global concern. Dietary patterns such as high-fat, ketogenic, and restricted diets, or the addition of specific nutrients like vitamins, fructose, probiotics, and omega-3s, influence lipid metabolism in different ways. While some dietary approaches may support metabolic health, others can disrupt lipid balance, promoting insulin resistance, obesity, cardiovascular diseases and MASLD—conditions that are rising at an alarming rate worldwide. Regarding this, MASLD is currently the most common liver disorder worldwide. The significant risk of progression of MASLD to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, coupled with the fact that treatment options remain limited, underscores the urgent need for novel strategies to prevent this disorder.

In addition, dietary patterns also play a key role in shaping the composition and functions of the gut microbiota. Microbiota dysbiosis has been linked to weight gain, adiposity and the development of several metabolic disorders, resulting in a complex process that requires in-depth investigation.

Therefore, this Special Issue aims to present original research exploring the mechanisms through which dietary patterns exert their beneficial or harmful effects while highlighting novel therapeutic interventions for the treatment of metabolic diseases.

Dr. Emma Barroso
Dr. Laia Vilà
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dietary patterns
  • MASLD
  • lipid metabolism
  • insulin resistance
  • gut microbiota
  • obesity
  • therapy

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 261 KB  
Article
Hepatic Steatosis and Diet in Adult Celiac Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Míra Zsófia Peresztegi, Zsolt Szakács, Nelli Farkas, Gábor Szekeres, Nándor Faluhelyi, Krisztina Hagymási, Gyula Pásztor, Zsófia Vereczkei, Petra Fülöp, Szilvia Lada, Sarolta Dakó, Eszter Dakó and Judit Bajor
Nutrients 2025, 17(22), 3577; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17223577 - 15 Nov 2025
Viewed by 460
Abstract
Background: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated enteropathy that is treated exclusively with a lifelong gluten-free diet (GFD). Hepatic involvement, including hepatic steatosis (HS), is common in both newly diagnosed and long-term GFD-treated CD patients. Limited data exist regarding HS prevalence [...] Read more.
Background: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated enteropathy that is treated exclusively with a lifelong gluten-free diet (GFD). Hepatic involvement, including hepatic steatosis (HS), is common in both newly diagnosed and long-term GFD-treated CD patients. Limited data exist regarding HS prevalence and risk factors in CD, and the effects of dietary patterns, including GFD and the Mediterranean diet (MD), remain unclear. Objective: This study investigated the prevalence and severity of HS in newly diagnosed, pre-GFD and GFD-treated CD patients compared to non-celiac control subjects, while assessing the influence of dietary adherence. Methods: In a nested cross-sectional study within the ARCTIC trial (NCT05530070), 290 Hungarian adults were enrolled (60 pre-GFD CD, 156 CD on GFD, and 74 control subjects). HS was assessed by ultrasonography, and dietary adherence was evaluated using the Standardized Dietitian Evaluation and Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). Binary regression models were applied to identify predictors of HS. Results: HS was diagnosed in 34% of participants, most frequently in pre-GFD CD patients. BMI was the strongest predictor of HS both overall and within the CD cohort (OR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.42; p < 0.001). Neither adherence to GFD nor overall MD adherence significantly influenced the prevalence of HS. Severity of HS correlated with higher BMI, older age, and diabetes prevalence, while individual MD components, including olive oil consumption, were associated with milder HS. Conclusions: HS is more prevalent in CD patients, particularly pre-GFD patients, and is strongly associated with BMI. While overall dietary patterns did not significantly impact HS, certain diet components may modulate severity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Patterns, Lipid Metabolism and Fatty Liver Disease)
19 pages, 2368 KB  
Article
Hepatic Olfr734 Deficiency Worsens Hepatic Glucose Metabolism and Induces MASLD in Mice
by Eva Prida, Diego Muñoz-Moreno, Eva Novoa, Tamara Parracho, Laura Diaz-Garzón Dopico, Raquel Perez-Lois, Miguel Bascoy-Otero, Ana Senra, Sergio Romero-Rodriguez, Beatriz Brea-García, Jaime Dobarro, Adrián Fernández Marcos, Javier Baltar, Fernando Santos, Amaia Rodríguez, Gema Frühbeck, Ruben Nogueiras, Luisa María Seoane, Mar Quiñones and Omar Al-Massadi
Nutrients 2025, 17(15), 2426; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17152426 - 25 Jul 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1290
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Asprosin is the endogenous ligand of the olfactory Olfr734 receptor linked to MASLD and glucose metabolism. Despite the involvement of asprosin in these processes, little has been published on the specific role of Olfr734 in liver function. The aim of this work [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Asprosin is the endogenous ligand of the olfactory Olfr734 receptor linked to MASLD and glucose metabolism. Despite the involvement of asprosin in these processes, little has been published on the specific role of Olfr734 in liver function. The aim of this work is therefore to study the specific role of the olfactory Olfr734 receptor in MASLD and glucose metabolism. Methods: To achieve this objective, we performed a genetic inhibition specifically to inhibit Olfr734 in the livers of male mice. We then studied the progression of MASLD in DIO mice. In addition, we studied the glucose metabolism in hypoglycemia states and postprandial glucose production in standard diet-fed mice. Finally, analyses of liver biopsies from patients with obesity and with or without T2DM were conducted. Results: We found that hepatic Olfr734 levels vary according to changes in nutritional status and its knockdown effect in the liver is to increase the hepatic lipid content in DIO mice. Our results also showed that OLFR734 expression is involved in the adaptive response in terms of glucose production to nutrient availability. Finally, the hepatic human Olfr734 ortholog named OR4M1 has been observed to be at significantly higher levels in male patients with T2DM. Conclusions: This study increases understanding of the mechanisms by which the modulation of Olfr734 expression affects liver function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Patterns, Lipid Metabolism and Fatty Liver Disease)
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