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Nutrients
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Effects of Dietary Intake of Nutrients on Brain and Cognitive...
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Effects of Dietary Intake of Nutrients on Brain and Cognitive Function

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 June 2025 | Viewed by 5466

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Chih-Li Lin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
Interests: neuroprotection; dementia; synaptic plasticity; oxidative stress; insulin signaling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The relationship between cognitive function and dietary intake is a rapidly developing area of research that has substantial implications for public health. The objective of this Special Issue is to compile research that elucidates the influence of a variety of nutrients on brain health, cognitive performance, and neuroprotection. We encourage submissions that investigate the mechanisms of action, epidemiological studies, clinical trials, and innovative methodologies for evaluating the impact of nutrients on cognitive function. The goal is to inform dietary recommendations and interventions that promote cognitive health across the lifespan by advancing our understanding of this area.

Prof. Dr. Chih-Li Lin
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutrients
  • cognitive function
  • neuroprotection
  • antioxidants
  • dietary patterns
  • neuroinflammation
  • synaptic plasticity
  • oxidative stress

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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20 pages, 2573 KiB  
Article
Associations Between B Vitamin Interactions with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cognitive Function Among Cognitively Healthy Older People as Modified by Amyloid Status and Sex
by Chuliang Zhao, Karen A. Abbott, Chinedu Udeh-Momoh, Geraint Price, Oliver J. K. Robinson, Sujin Kang and Celeste A. de Jager Loots
Nutrients 2025, 17(9), 1407; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17091407 - 23 Apr 2025
Viewed by 449
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Nutrients such as vitamin B12, folate (B9), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may independently influence cognitive health, but their combined effects and interactions remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of B12, folate, and PUFAs, including their interactions, on [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Nutrients such as vitamin B12, folate (B9), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may independently influence cognitive health, but their combined effects and interactions remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of B12, folate, and PUFAs, including their interactions, on cognitive function in cognitively healthy older adults, considering effect modification by sex and amyloid-beta status. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from 321 participants aged 60–85 y enrolled in the UK CHARIOT–PRO SubStudy. Dietary intake was assessed using the Scottish Collaborative Group Food Frequency Questionnaire, and cognitive performance was measured via the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Stratified multivariate linear regression models by sex and amyloid-beta status and models with the saturated to unsaturated fatty acid ratio (substituted for PUFAs) as one of the predictors were constructed. Results: Males had lower total RBANS scores with a higher PUFA intake (β = −13.97, p = 0.04) but improved scores with increased folate (β = 9.08, p = 0.04). PUFA × folate revealed contrasting effects to PUFAs alone, with higher cognitive scores in the amyloid-negative group for total RBANS (β = 13.27, 95%: 3.81~22.73, p = 0.01) but lowered scores in the amyloid-positive group. Considering the UFA:SFA ratio, higher delayed memory scores were associated with the combined intake of folate, B12, and PUFAs (β = 7.46, p = 0.02) among females. In the amyloid-positive group, the negative cognitive effects observed with PUFAs were reversed when UFA:SFA was considered. Conclusions: Amyloid status and sex significantly influenced the cognitive effects of nutrient intake, with distinct patterns based on specific cognitive domains and nutrient interactions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Dietary Intake of Nutrients on Brain and Cognitive Function)
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Review

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32 pages, 1058 KiB  
Review
Mechanisms and Potential Benefits of Neuroprotective Agents in Neurological Health
by Burcu Pekdemir, António Raposo, Ariana Saraiva, Maria João Lima, Zayed D. Alsharari, Mona N. BinMowyna and Sercan Karav
Nutrients 2024, 16(24), 4368; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16244368 - 18 Dec 2024
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4522
Abstract
The brain contains many interconnected and complex cellular and molecular mechanisms. Injury to the brain causes permanent dysfunctions in these mechanisms. So, it continues to be an area where surgical intervention cannot be performed except for the removal of tumors and the repair [...] Read more.
The brain contains many interconnected and complex cellular and molecular mechanisms. Injury to the brain causes permanent dysfunctions in these mechanisms. So, it continues to be an area where surgical intervention cannot be performed except for the removal of tumors and the repair of some aneurysms. Some agents that can cross the blood–brain barrier and reach neurons show neuroprotective effects in the brain due to their anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In particular, some agents act by reducing or modulating the accumulation of protein aggregates in neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and prion disease) caused by protein accumulation. Substrate accumulation causes increased oxidative stress and stimulates the brain’s immune cells, microglia, and astrocytes, to secrete proinflammatory cytokines. Long-term or chronic neuroinflammatory response triggers apoptosis. Brain damage is observed with neuronal apoptosis and brain functions are impaired. This situation negatively affects processes such as motor movements, memory, perception, and learning. Neuroprotective agents prevent apoptosis by modulating molecules that play a role in apoptosis. In addition, they can improve impaired brain functions by supporting neuroplasticity and neurogenesis. Due to the important roles that these agents play in central nervous system damage or neurodegenerative diseases, it is important to elucidate many mechanisms. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms of flavonoids, which constitute a large part of the agents with neuroprotective effects, as well as vitamins, neurotransmitters, hormones, amino acids, and their derivatives. It is thought that understanding these mechanisms will enable the development of new therapeutic agents and different treatment strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Dietary Intake of Nutrients on Brain and Cognitive Function)
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