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Nutrition, Diet, and Eating Behaviors in the Prevention and Management of Cancer and Chronic Diseases

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 January 2026 | Viewed by 164

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, LSUHSC School of Public, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
Interests: cancer; obesity; sugar-sweetened beverage; behavioral intervention; smoking; health disparities
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancer and other chronic diseases are the leading causes of death. These multifactorial diseases develop due to long-term disturbances to biology, behavior, and environment. Poor nutrition/diet (e.g., measured by dietary micronutrients, macronutrients, food groups, or overall patterns) and eating behaviors are common and major determinants in most cases of cancer and chronic disease development. In addition, a poor diet is also highly correlated with low SES and other unhealthy behaviors, such as smoking, alcohol drinking, and physical inactivity.  

In this Special Issue, titled “Nutrition, Diet, and Eating Behaviors in the Prevention and Management of Cancer and Chronic Diseases”, we will present state-of-the-art approaches to dietary nutrition which aim to better understand the cause of nutrition-related diseases, their consequences, and prognosis. There will be a particular focus on the role of diet/nutrition on cancer and chronic disease, their interplay with biological factors, health/risk behaviors, and social determinants of health. Nutrition and dietary factors, including dietary patterns, micronutrients, antioxidants, dietary intervention, innovative approaches, and new technology applications are welcome topics for this Special Issue. Original articles or short communications that advance current knowledge on the role of nutrition, diet, and eating behaviors in cancer and chronic disease are also welcome. We will also accept protocol, narrative reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses for this collection.

Dr. Tung-Sung Tseng
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cancer
  • obesity
  • diabetes
  • CVD
  • Alzheimer's disease
  • vitamins and minerals
  • antioxidants
  • macronutrients
  • dietary pattern
  • eating timing
  • food groups
  • eating behavior
  • dietary intervention

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

17 pages, 706 KiB  
Article
A Multicenter Pilot Randomized Trial of a Lifestyle Intervention to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes in High-Risk Individuals
by Raira Pagano, Thatiane Lopes Valentim Di Paschoale Ostolin, Danielle Cristina Fonseca, Aline Marcadenti, Ana Paula Perillo Ferreira Carvalho, Bernardete Weber, Carla Daltro, Enilda Lara, Fernanda Carneiro Marinho Noleto, Josefina Bressan, Jussara Carnevale de Almeida, Malaine Morais Alves Machado, Marcelo Macedo Rogero, Olivia Garbin Koller, Rita de Cássia Santos Soares, Sônia Lopes Pinto, Viviane Sahade, Cleyton Zanardo de Oliveira, Guilherme William Marcelino, Camila Martins Trevisan and Angela Cristine Bersch-Ferreiraadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Nutrients 2025, 17(15), 2518; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17152518 - 31 Jul 2025
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Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing public health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Although prediabetes is a major risk factor for T2D, it remains largely underdiagnosed and untreated. Structured lifestyle interventions have proven effective in preventing diabetes, but their [...] Read more.
Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing public health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Although prediabetes is a major risk factor for T2D, it remains largely underdiagnosed and untreated. Structured lifestyle interventions have proven effective in preventing diabetes, but their feasibility within the Brazilian public health system remains unclear. Methods: This multicenter pilot randomized controlled trial assessed the feasibility of a culturally adapted lifestyle intervention (PROVEN-DIA) across the five regions of Brazil. A total of 220 adults at high risk for T2D were randomized to an intervention group or a control group (usual care) and followed for three months. Both groups received similar educational content on healthy eating and physical activity, but the intervention group participated in a structured and personalized lifestyle program with regular follow-up sessions. The primary outcome was adherence to dietary recommendations, assessed using the BALANCE Index—a validated dietary score (range: 0–40) based on the Brazilian Cardioprotective Diet that classifies foods into color-coded groups according to nutritional quality—along with engagement in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Secondary outcomes included diet quality (DQIR), anthropometric and metabolic parameters. Results: Feasibility was demonstrated by a 93.2% retention rate (n = 205). There was no significant difference in the primary outcome (simultaneous improvement in diet and MVPA). However, the PROVEN-DIA group exhibited significantly greater improvements in diet quality, with a 2.8-point increase in the BALANCE Index (vs. 0.5 in the control, p = 0.03), and a significant improvement in the DQIR (p < 0.001). No significant differences between groups were observed in MVPA, HbA1C, glycaemia, or body weight. Conclusions: The PROVEN-DIA intervention proved feasible within the Brazilian public health context, resulting in significant improvements in dietary quality among individuals at high risk for T2D. A larger trial with longer follow-up is warranted to evaluate its effectiveness in preventing the progression to diabetes. However, to enhance physical activity outcomes, specific adaptations and targeted strategies may be required to better support participant engagement in exercise. Full article
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