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Advances in Nutritional Therapy for Children's Gastrointestinal Diseases

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 July 2025) | Viewed by 320

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics, University Federico II of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: artificial nutrition; nutrition; metabolism; lipid metabolism; gastrointestinal disorders; diarrhea; intestinal infection; pediatric gastroenterology; nutritional rehabilitation; intestinal failure; clinical nutrition; pediatric nutrition
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Despite their different underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, nutritional therapy is essential in managing various gastrointestinal dysfunctions, up to and including intestinal failure.

Gastrointestinal dysfunctions affect many children, having a significant impact on pediatric healthcare. Nutritional therapy ensures that children have an adequate nutritional status while minimizing the debilitating and potentially life-threatening consequences associated with intestinal failure, but it sometimes requires a complex nutritional approach.

This Special Issue will provide new insights into the nutritional management of pediatric gastrointestinal dysfunctions to improve care for affected patients.

We, therefore, invite researchers to contribute original research articles and review papers in this field, covering all conditions affecting gastrointestinal function.

Prof. Dr. Maria Immacolata Spagnuolo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • home artificial nutrition
  • parenteral nutrition
  • intestinal failure
  • quality of life
  • childhood
  • pediatric patients
  • cognitive functions
  • nutritional therapy
  • gastrointestinal dysfunctions

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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14 pages, 1726 KiB  
Systematic Review
Mucous Fistula Refeeding in Newborns: Why, When, How, and Where? Insights from a Systematic Review
by Layla Musleh, Ilaria Cozzi, Anteo Di Napoli and Fabio Fusaro
Nutrients 2025, 17(15), 2490; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17152490 - 30 Jul 2025
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Infants with high-output enterostomies often require prolonged parenteral nutrition (PN), increasing risks of infections, liver dysfunction, and impaired growth. Mucous fistula refeeding (MFR) is proposed to enhance intestinal adaptation, weight gain, and distal bowel maturation. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Infants with high-output enterostomies often require prolonged parenteral nutrition (PN), increasing risks of infections, liver dysfunction, and impaired growth. Mucous fistula refeeding (MFR) is proposed to enhance intestinal adaptation, weight gain, and distal bowel maturation. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed its effectiveness, safety, and technical aspects. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, studies reporting MFR-related outcomes were included without data or language restrictions. Data sources included PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and UpToDate. Bias risk was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. Meta-analysis employed random- and fixed-effects models, with outcomes reported as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Primary outcomes assessed were weight gain, PN duration, and complications and statistical comparisons were made between MFR and non-MFR groups. Results: Seventeen studies involving 631 infants were included; 482 received MFR and 149 did not. MFR started at 31 postoperative days and lasted for 50 days on average, using varied reinfusion methods, catheter types, and fixation strategies. MFR significantly improved weight gain (4.7 vs. 24.2 g/day, p < 0.05) and reduced PN duration (60.3 vs. 95 days, p < 0.05). Hospital and NICU stays were also shorter (160 vs. 263 days, p < 0.05; 122 vs. 200 days, p < 0.05). Cholestasis risk was lower (OR 0.151, 95% CI 0.071–0.319, p < 0.0001), while effects on bilirubin levels were inconsistent. Complications included sepsis (3.5%), intestinal perforation (0.83%), hemorrhage (0.62%), with one MFR-related death (0.22%). Conclusions: Despite MFR benefits neonatal care, its practices remain heterogeneous. Standardized protocols are required to ensure MFR safety and efficacy. Full article
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