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Nutrients
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Nutritional Surveys and Assessment of Unhealthy Eating Behaviors
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Nutritional Surveys and Assessment of Unhealthy Eating Behaviors

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition Methodology & Assessment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 5402

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Yingnan Jia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
Interests: dietary pattern; nutrition assessment; digital monitoring technology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to invite you to contribute to the Special Issue of the journal Nutrients on the subject area of “Nutritional Surveys and Assessment of Unhealthy Eating Behaviors”.

This research topic aims to explore the emerging and precise tools for evaluating the nutrition condition of people with unhealthy eating behaviors. In fact, a precise tool for nutrition assessment is recognized as the cornerstone of assessing the actual nutrition condition of people with unhealthy eating behaviors.

The prevalence of unhealthy eating behaviors around the world is incredibly high, including the under- or over-consumption of food and the inappropriate matching of food items. Many chronic diseases are preventable and controlled through changes in eating behaviors. The method used for the precise evaluation of nutrition intake is important in identifying unhealthy eating behaviors. Currently, a majority of the nutrition assessments are generally conducted using traditional survey tools, such as dietary recall, food records, and food frequency questionnaires. With the development of food industry technology and artificial intelligence, increasingly innovative technologies, including intelligent ordering systems and visual ordering systems, are considered to be important tools in precise nutrition surveys and assessments.

This Special Issue is aimed at providing selected contributions to address this topic, with a particular emphasis on how to precisely evaluate nutrition intake using innovative technologies or methods for identifying unhealthy eating behaviors.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Innovative methods employed for nutrition surveys and assessments; 
  • How to identify unhealthy eating behaviors using innovational technologies;
  • Comparison of dietary survey methods with traditional and emerging tools;
  • Selection of dietary evaluation methods for different populations;
  • Dietary pattern transition and its relationship to the development of chronic diseases.

Dr. Yingnan Jia
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • eating disorders
  • innovative methods
  • dietary evaluation
  • dietary pattern transition
  • appropriate technology for different populations
  • nutrition related chronic diseases

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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11 pages, 926 KiB  
Article
Cross-Sectional Analysis of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption, Food Security, and Nativity Among Adults: Associations from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2020
by Aikaterini Stamou and Karen R. Flórez
Nutrients 2025, 17(3), 520; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17030520 - 30 Jan 2025
Viewed by 863
Abstract
Background/Aims: Immigrant populations face unique dietary challenges influenced by food security and acculturation, particularly regarding sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). This study examines the interplay of nativity and food security on SSB consumption patterns. Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) [...] Read more.
Background/Aims: Immigrant populations face unique dietary challenges influenced by food security and acculturation, particularly regarding sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). This study examines the interplay of nativity and food security on SSB consumption patterns. Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2020 (N = 23,331) were analyzed in this cross-sectional study. SSB consumption was assessed through 24 h dietary recalls. Food security was categorized as high/marginal or low/very low, and nativity as U.S.-born or foreign-born. Stratified regression models by sex evaluated associations between nativity, food security, and SSB consumption. Results: U.S.-born adults with low food security had the highest sugar intake (men: β = 27.5, 95% CI [14.8, 40.3]; women: β = 30.4, 95% CI [11.0, 49.7]) and SSB consumption (men: β = 14.7, 95% CI [11.2, 18.3]; women: β = 23.6, 95% CI [15.2, 31.9]). Conclusions: The findings highlight associations that suggest the importance of culturally tailored interventions targeting vulnerable groups to address disparities in SSB consumption influenced by food security and nativity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Surveys and Assessment of Unhealthy Eating Behaviors)
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13 pages, 1248 KiB  
Article
Validation of a Smartphone Application for Monitoring Circadian Appetite: A Randomized Crossover Trial in Free-Living and Controlled Settings
by Shani Tsameret and Oren Froy
Nutrients 2025, 17(3), 384; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17030384 - 22 Jan 2025
Viewed by 906
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Appetite is affected by the circadian clock and exhibits diurnal variations. Nevertheless, accurately measuring subjective appetite throughout the day in a free-living setting poses a challenge. This study presents the validation of a novel smartphone application designed to capture, process and analyze [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Appetite is affected by the circadian clock and exhibits diurnal variations. Nevertheless, accurately measuring subjective appetite throughout the day in a free-living setting poses a challenge. This study presents the validation of a novel smartphone application designed to capture, process and analyze circadian appetite fluctuations in a free-living setting. Methods: Twenty-four healthy participants (ages 38.34 ± 3.2 years) completed this randomized crossover study. Participants completed subjective appetite questionnaires every 30 min in a free-living environment, starting from waking hours until bedtime, using visual analog scale (VAS) via the pen and paper (PP) method and the new smartphone application (App). In addition, on two experimental days, separated by a week of washout, participants were provided either a high-energy breakfast (850 kcal) or a low-energy breakfast (250 kcal). Participants completed the appetite questionnaires using both methods every 30 min for 4 h, followed by an ad libitum lunch. Results: The high-energy breakfast led to significantly increased fullness sensation and decreased hunger, desire to eat, prospective consumption, and appetite score compared with the low-energy breakfast. There was no significant difference between the methods (PP and App) in all measured parameters under both the free-living environment and the controlled environment. Additionally, Bland–Altman analysis revealed a high degree of agreement between the PP and App methods. Moreover, most participants rated the App as the preferred method regardless of age. Conclusions: Our findings show that the new smartphone application is a valid, reliable tool for measuring subjective appetite, suitable for use in chrononutritional studies conducted in a free-living environment and controlled settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Surveys and Assessment of Unhealthy Eating Behaviors)
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14 pages, 1070 KiB  
Article
COVID-19 Implications on School Dietary Behavior in Chinese College Students: Based on the Longitudinal Assessment of Dietary Records from Intelligent Ordering System
by Shaojie Liu, Hong Peng, Dantong Gu, Mengyun Luo, Haihong Qian and Yingnan Jia
Nutrients 2025, 17(1), 144; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17010144 - 31 Dec 2024
Viewed by 880
Abstract
Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed the dietary behavior of college students; however, the persistence of the changes in dietary behavior remains uncertain. This study aims to explore the changes in school food consumption and dietary quality of college students [...] Read more.
Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed the dietary behavior of college students; however, the persistence of the changes in dietary behavior remains uncertain. This study aims to explore the changes in school food consumption and dietary quality of college students during three distinct COVID-19 periods: pre-epidemic (stage T1), epidemic (stage T2), and post-COVID-19 epidemic (stage T3). Methods: The persistent 6-year data, involving 3,484,081 dietary records from January 2018 to December 2023, for college students were acquired from the “Intelligent Ordering System (IOS)”. School food consumption and total energy intake of each college student per day were evaluated by information on three meals in the IOS combined with the corresponding food database of each dish. The school dietary quality of college students was evaluated by the Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI). Results: In total, 459 college students were included in the T1 period, 530 in the T2 period, and 1316 in the T3 period. At stages T2 and T3, the energy, protein, and fat intakes of college students were higher than those at stage T1 (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, the breakfast energy ratio exhibited a significant decrease (0.27 vs. 0.25), while the lunch (0.37 vs. 0.38) and dinner (0.37 vs. 0.38) energy ratios exhibited varying degrees of increase (p < 0.001). After the COVID-19 pandemic, the components’ score of the CHEI for dark vegetables, red meats, and sodium showed an increase, while tubers exhibited a decrease (p < 0.01). Conclusions: This study provides compelling evidence of the significantly negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on school food consumption and dietary quality among Chinese college students. However, the duration of this effect may be limited. There was a certain degree of improvement in the food consumption and school diet quality of college students in China following the conclusion of the epidemic. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Surveys and Assessment of Unhealthy Eating Behaviors)
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12 pages, 983 KiB  
Systematic Review
Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses on the Consumption of Different Food Groups and the Risk of Overweight and Obesity
by Emilie Kristoffersen, Sofie Lassen Hjort, Lise M. Thomassen, Elaheh Javadi Arjmand, Matteo Perillo, Rajiv Balakrishna, Anindita Tasnim Onni, Ida Sofie Karlsen Sletten, Antonello Lorenzini and Lars T. Fadnes
Nutrients 2025, 17(4), 662; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17040662 - 13 Feb 2025
Viewed by 2329
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Dietary choices play an essential role in energy balance and weight gain. This systematic umbrella review investigates the association between the intake of various food groups (whole grains, refined grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, fish, eggs, total dairy, red meat, white meat, [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Dietary choices play an essential role in energy balance and weight gain. This systematic umbrella review investigates the association between the intake of various food groups (whole grains, refined grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, fish, eggs, total dairy, red meat, white meat, processed meat, added sugar, and sugar-sweetened beverages) and their associations to the risk of obesity and being overweight. Methods: We systematically searched Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Epistemonikos for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. A total of 2925 articles were screened, and 13 articles were included in our analysis. Results: For each food group, data included a mean of 166,100 participants and 36,760 cases, ranging from 19,885 participants and 7183 cases for red meat to 520,331 participants and 91,256 cases for nuts. Heterogeneity was high for most of the food groups except for whole grains and sugar-sweetened beverages. The quality of the most comprehensive meta-analyses was high for all food groups, except for processed meats, which was of low quality. High intakes of whole grains, legumes, nuts, and fruits are associated with a reduced risk of overweight and obesity. In contrast, high intakes of red meat and sugar-sweetened beverages are associated with increased risk of overweight and obesity. No significant results were found for the remaining food groups, and no meta-analysis was found for fish, eggs, white meat, and added sugars. Conclusions: Diets rich in whole grains, legumes, nuts, and fruits are associated with a lower risk of developing obesity and being overweight. In contrast, diets high in red meat and sugar-sweetened beverages are associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Surveys and Assessment of Unhealthy Eating Behaviors)
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