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Polyphenols in Neurological Health: Exploring Prevention, Management and Mechanistic Insights

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Neuro Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 July 2026 | Viewed by 568

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
Interests: polyphenolic compounds; mechanism of action; dose–response relationship; structure–activity relationship; key signaling pathways; depression; anxiety; cognitive dysfunction
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the acceleration of global aging, neurodegeneration-related cognitive and emotional dysfunction such as Alzheimer's disease pose significant risks. Due to their complex pathogenesis, effective treatment methods are currently available. How to shift the threshold forward through dietary regulation has become a key focus in preventing and controlling such diseases. Polyphenols have attracted attention in the prevention and control of various neurodegenerative diseases due to their excellent antioxidant activity. To better clarify the health effects of polyphenolic substances, this Special Issue focuses on reporting the dose–response relationship, structure–activity relationship, and key regulatory signaling pathways of different types of polyphenolic compounds, providing a good theoretical basis for elucidating their neuroprotective activity. Other suggestions from experts in the field are especially welcome. I encourage authors to submit their original research on this attractive topic.

Dr. Cong Lu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • polyphenolic compounds
  • mechanism of action
  • dose–response relationship
  • structure–activity relationship
  • key signaling pathways
  • depression
  • anxiety
  • cognitive dysfunction

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

32 pages, 13599 KB  
Article
Neurological Effects of Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala Berry on Hippocampal Transcriptome, Neuritogenesis, and Synaptogenesis
by Songphon Kanlayaprasit, Worratha Parnich, Thanawin Jantheang, Pattanachat Lertpeerapan, Pawinee Panjabud, Kasidit Kasitipradit, Chayanit Poolcharoen, Thanit Saeliw, Chawanphat Muangnoi, Waluga Plaingam, Somsri Charoenkiatkul, Valerie W. Hu, Tewin Tencomnao, Tewarit Sarachana and Monruedee Sukprasansap
Nutrients 2026, 18(8), 1200; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18081200 - 10 Apr 2026
Viewed by 408
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Neuritogenesis and synaptogenesis support learning and cognitive function, and hippocampal neurons play central roles in these processes. Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala (CNP), a Southeast Asian berry, has reported neuroprotective activities, but its direct effects on hippocampal neurons remain unclear. We investigated whether [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Neuritogenesis and synaptogenesis support learning and cognitive function, and hippocampal neurons play central roles in these processes. Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala (CNP), a Southeast Asian berry, has reported neuroprotective activities, but its direct effects on hippocampal neurons remain unclear. We investigated whether CNP extract modulates hippocampal neuronal transcriptomes, neuritogenesis, and synaptogenesis. Methods: Primary hippocampal neurons isolated from male and female Wistar rat pups were treated with CNP extract in vitro. Cytotoxicity was assessed to define non-cytotoxic concentrations. Transcriptomic responses were profiled by RNA sequencing and validated by RT-qPCR. Neuritogenesis was quantified by neurite morphology and Sholl analysis. Synaptogenesis was evaluated by synaptic immunocytochemistry. Molecular docking of cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) and resveratrol was used to generate mechanistic hypotheses. Results: At 0.1–10 µg/mL, CNP was non-cytotoxic, whereas a 100 µg/mL dose reduced viability; therefore, 10 µg/mL was used in subsequent experiments. Exploratory RNA-seq profiling identified thousands of differentially expressed genes enriched in synapse- and neurite-related pathways, including synaptogenesis signaling, axon guidance, and neuritogenesis. RT-qPCR showed upregulation of Igf1 in males and Glul in females, with sex-dependent modulation of Bdnf and Cask. CNP increased neurite length, branching, and Sholl complexity in both sexes, with a more pronounced effect in males. A male-biased effect was also observed in synapse-related marker colocalization, with increased Syn1–Psd95 colocalization detected in males. Docking suggested plausible interactions of C3G and resveratrol with regulators such as MYC, TP53, and CREB1. Conclusions: CNP extract alters transcriptional networks and enhances neurite outgrowth in primary hippocampal neurons in a sex-dependent manner, with male-biased effects on Syn1–Psd95 colocalization. These findings support further dose–response, mechanistic, and sex-stratified in vivo studies to evaluate its neurobiological potential. Full article
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