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Nutritional and Dietary Approaches in Type 1 Diabetes

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Diabetes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 May 2025 | Viewed by 3611

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Division of Pediatrics, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
Interests: childhood diabetes; T1D; vitamin D; omega 3 PUFAs; nutrition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

By “Studying diabetes you will understand the Medicine”, I told a class of university medical students, specifically type 1 diabetes, when teaching a Pediatric Clinic course. Many questions remain concerning “Nutrition and type 1 diabetes” because, beyond the obvious question of “What is the best diet for type 1 diabetes?”, several points are still contentious. This Special Issue of Nutrients will feature contributions on the intriguing roles of the microbiome, macronutrients, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and vitamin D in nutrition for type 1 diabetes people. Nutrition possibly acts as an environmental factor at onset, modifies evolution and complicates diseases. Given that there is often a concomitant overweight, dyslipidemia, and limited physical activity in people with type 1 diabetes, accurate counseling and solutions through nutrition are expected. For all these problems, the most important “dogma” should be to limit the glycemic variability to set a favorable “metabolic memory” at the onset of type 1 diabetes and avoid lifelong dangerous hypo-hyperglycemias. Moreover, incretins are a promising therapeutic prospective for type 1 diabetes, and their relationship with microbiota and nutrition is a new chapter yet to be written. We must address the issue of costs in proposing dietary changes, as well as resources and environmental sustainability. Migrant populations in Western countries are experiencing rapid environmental and nutritional changes and must therefore be observed with particular attention because, in these populations, a nutritional component could play a greater role in the development of type 1 diabetes. These include the impact of the Westernized diet and food security, which may be investigated as a priority in type 1 diabetes to find novel directions. In conclusion, "Understand the nutrition and the diet in diabetes and will find benefits for many other too".

Finally, we are looking for feasible, manageable, practical solutions.

Dr. Francesco Cadario
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • type 1 diabetes and nutrition
  • diet
  • microbiome
  • macronutrients
  • polyunsaturated fatty acids
  • vitamin D
  • honeymoon period
  • overweight
  • dyslipidemia
  • physical activities
  • glycemic variability
  • migrants
  • food security
  • Westernized diet
  • incretins

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

23 pages, 2206 KiB  
Review
Insights in Nutrition to Optimize Type 1 Diabetes Therapy
by Francesco Cadario
Nutrients 2024, 16(21), 3639; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16213639 - 26 Oct 2024
Viewed by 3135
Abstract
Nutrition is an essential part of therapy for type 1 diabetes and is constantly evolving, offering growing opportunities to prevent this disease, slow down its evolution, and mitigate it. An attempt was made to bring together the current state of knowledge. In the [...] Read more.
Nutrition is an essential part of therapy for type 1 diabetes and is constantly evolving, offering growing opportunities to prevent this disease, slow down its evolution, and mitigate it. An attempt was made to bring together the current state of knowledge. In the path from the preclinical phase of the disease to its clinical onset, there is a phase known as the “honeymoon period” or partial remission, where different possible dietary options for combatting this disease have been presented. The most commonly used dietary models were compared, and the most frequent co-existing pathologies, such as overweight, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, dyslipidemia, celiac disease, and metabolic instability, were addressed from their nutritional and dietary perspectives to provide clinicians with an updated framework of knowledge and support researchers in further investigations into the topic. Finally, a glimpse into the possible interplay between nutrition and the gut microbiome, food security, and ultra-processed food is provided. It is hoped that clinicians treating people with type 1 diabetes will be provided with further opportunities for the daily management of their patients through personalized nutrition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional and Dietary Approaches in Type 1 Diabetes)
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