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Nutritional Support for Gastrointestinal Diseases

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 March 2025) | Viewed by 4213

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Corridoni 11, 60123 Ancona, Italy
Interests: pediatric gastroenterology; inflammatory bowel disease; celiac disease; nutrition; intestinal failure; endoscopy; enteral nutrition; parenteral nutrition

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Guest Editor
Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy
Interests: inflammatory bowel disease; coeliac disease; artificial nutrition; food allergies; intestinal failure; functional gastrointestinal disorders

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nutrition is a fundamental factor for many gastrointestinal (GI) conditions and there is probably no GI disease for which the diet has not been involved as an etiological, predisposing, and/or curative element.

In some GI conditions, the dietetic factor represents the main etiological agent, and specific dietetic treatments have curative roles, such as gluten and the gluten-free diet in celiac disease. In other situations, a specific dietary pattern increases the risk of developing a GI condition (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease) or contributes to symptoms relapse. In many GI diseases, a special diet represents a valuable treatment option (e.g., the exclusive enteral nutrition in pediatric Crohn’s Disease or the low-FODMAP diet in irritable bowel syndrome). Furthermore, many gastrointestinal conditions due to malabsorption/maldigestion and consequent malnutrition require specific nutritional support. Lastly, intestinal microbiota and gut immunity, involved in many GI immune-mediated pathologies, are strongly influenced by dietary changes.

This complex interplay between nutrition and gastrointestinal pathology can have a thousand facets and as many implications. With this Special Issue, we aim to explore this intriguing relationship and to provide new evidence to this broad topic. Authors are encouraged to submit to this new Special Issue original research articles or reviews that address the role of nutrition as a support or cure for specific GI conditions, at mechanistic, observational, and epidemiological levels.

Dr. Simona Gatti
Dr. Francesca Penagini
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • nutritional support
  • enteral nutrition
  • parenteral nutrition
  • inflammatory bowel disease
  • celiac disease
  • intestinal failure
  • malabsorption
  • necrotizing enterocolitis
  • cholestasis and liver disease
  • mediterranean diet
  • antioxidant diet
  • neurologically impaired children
  • food allergies
  • eosinophilic esophagitis
  • metabolic diseases

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 219 KiB  
Article
Quality of Life in Children with Celiac Disease: An Observational Study
by Anna Rozensztrauch and Paulina Mostyńska
Nutrients 2025, 17(6), 1085; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17061085 - 20 Mar 2025
Viewed by 386
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Celiac disease (CD) is one of the most common chronic autoimmune disorders affecting children worldwide. The aim is to explore the significance of quality of life (QOL) research in pediatric CD, highlighting the importance of assessing both physical and psychosocial aspects [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Celiac disease (CD) is one of the most common chronic autoimmune disorders affecting children worldwide. The aim is to explore the significance of quality of life (QOL) research in pediatric CD, highlighting the importance of assessing both physical and psychosocial aspects of well-being. Materials and Methods: The study used a self-administered questionnaire, which consisted of questions on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, as well as a general assessment of the QOL by using the validated PedsQL™ 4.0. Results: Dietary restrictions were associated with social challenges, as reported by 43% of respondents who indicated their child had experienced exclusion or distress during family gatherings, while 48% encountered difficulties in the school setting. The overall QOL score had a mean of 68.9 (SD = 15.00), with a median of 67.4, and ranged from 41.3 to 100.0, reflecting individual variations in perceived well-being. Age is a significant factor influencing children’s social interactions and experiences within educational settings, likely due to increased academic demands, social pressures, or developmental changes. Conclusions: The study suggests that the study factor significantly influences physical functioning and overall quality of life, while its impact on emotional, social, and school domains is comparatively lower. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Support for Gastrointestinal Diseases)

Review

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21 pages, 350 KiB  
Review
Micronutrient Deficiencies in Pediatric IBD: How Often, Why, and What to Do?
by Tiziana Galeazzi, Sara Quattrini, Elena Lionetti and Simona Gatti
Nutrients 2025, 17(9), 1425; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17091425 - 24 Apr 2025
Viewed by 131
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBDs), including Crohn’s disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC) are complex diseases with a multifactorial etiology, associated with genetic, dietetic, and other environmental risk factors. Children with IBD are at increased risk for nutritional inadequacies, resulting from decreased oral intake, [...] Read more.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBDs), including Crohn’s disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC) are complex diseases with a multifactorial etiology, associated with genetic, dietetic, and other environmental risk factors. Children with IBD are at increased risk for nutritional inadequacies, resulting from decreased oral intake, restrictive dietary patterns, malabsorption, enhanced nutrient loss, surgery, and medications. Follow-up of IBD children should routinely include evaluation of specific nutritional deficits and dietetic and/or supplementation strategies should be implemented in case deficiencies are detected. This narrative review focuses on the prevalence, risk factors, detection strategy, and management of micronutrient deficiencies in pediatric IBD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Support for Gastrointestinal Diseases)
28 pages, 1049 KiB  
Review
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders and Childhood Obesity: The Role of Diet and Its Impact on Microbiota
by Valeria Calcaterra, Hellas Cena, Federica Loperfido, Debora Porri, Sara Basilico, Cassandra Gazzola, Cecilia Ricciardi Rizzo, Maria Vittoria Conti, Giovanni Luppino, Malgorzata Gabriela Wasniewska and Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
Nutrients 2025, 17(1), 123; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17010123 - 30 Dec 2024
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Abstract
Introduction Emerging evidence suggests an association between obesity and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (FGIDs). Childhood obesity and FGIDs share many common features, such as high prevalence in the pediatric population, risk factors related to diet and lifestyle, gut microbiota impairments, and psychological distress. This [...] Read more.
Introduction Emerging evidence suggests an association between obesity and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (FGIDs). Childhood obesity and FGIDs share many common features, such as high prevalence in the pediatric population, risk factors related to diet and lifestyle, gut microbiota impairments, and psychological distress. This narrative review aims to summarize the main evidence regarding FGIDs in childhood obesity, with a specific focus on the role of diet and its impact on the microbiota. Additionally, the review highlights potential common-ground solutions for preventing and managing both obesity and FGIDs. Methods A comprehensive PubMed search was conducted. Keywords used included terms related to children and adolescents, obesity, functional gastrointestinal disorders, and microbiota. Results The review emphasizes the importance of holistic, multidisciplinary approaches to managing symptoms. In addition to nutrition education, physical activity, and medical care, complementary strategies such as psychological interventions and personalized dietary modifications (e.g., low-FODMAP and fiber-enriched diets) are critical. Given the interplay between gut microbiota alterations, obesity, and FGIDs, microbiota modulation through probiotics, prebiotics, and integrative support shows significant promise. However, the variability in current evidence underlines the need for robust longitudinal studies to develop standardized protocols and maximize treatment efficacy. Conclusions Bridging gaps in knowledge and practice with an integrated, evidence-based framework could improve patient outcomes and deepen understanding of the complex relationship between metabolic and gastrointestinal health in children and adolescents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Support for Gastrointestinal Diseases)
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Other

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21 pages, 697 KiB  
Systematic Review
Outcomes for Patients Receiving Multi-Chamber Bags for the Delivery of Parenteral Nutrition: A Systematic Review
by Debra Jones, Karen Allsopp, Anne Marie Sowerbutts, Simon Lal, Kirstine Farrer, Simon Harrison and Sorrel Burden
Nutrients 2024, 16(22), 3964; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16223964 - 20 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1257
Abstract
Background: Parenteral nutrition (PN) is required by people with intestinal failure and can be delivered as multi-chambered bags (MCBs) or individually compounded (COM) bags. This systematic review aimed to examine the evidence base for clinical outcomes and/or quality of life (QoL) in adults [...] Read more.
Background: Parenteral nutrition (PN) is required by people with intestinal failure and can be delivered as multi-chambered bags (MCBs) or individually compounded (COM) bags. This systematic review aimed to examine the evidence base for clinical outcomes and/or quality of life (QoL) in adults receiving PN as MCBs compared to COMs in hospital and community settings. Methods: A systematic database search was conducted between January 2015 and May 2024. Studies assessing adults in receipt of MCBs were included. Quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs appraisal tools. A narrative synthesis was performed due to study heterogeneity. PROSPERO: CRD42022352806. Results: Ten studies including 87,727 adults were included, with 20,192 receiving PN from MCBs and 67,535 from COMs. Eight studies reported on PN given in hospital and two in the home. Five hospital-based and one home-based study reported that MCBs were well tolerated and provided adequate nutrition. Three hospital-based studies reported that MCBs had lower post-operative infections and a lower mean risk of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs). Two home-based studies reported no difference in CRBSI. Five hospital-based studies reported no difference between groups in length of hospital stay. Three hospital-based studies reported the cost to be lower for MCBs than COMs, and no studies reported QoL. Conclusions: The studies included show that MCBs provided in hospital are safe and non-inferior to COMs and may be more cost-effective. There were few high-quality studies and no data on QoL; therefore, further work is required to improve the certainty of the evidence and to establish the level of QoL when using MCBs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Support for Gastrointestinal Diseases)
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