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Nutritional Status and the Risk of Malnutrition in People with Kidney Failure

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 June 2025 | Viewed by 183

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
2. Nutrition and Dietetics Department, St George Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Interests: clinical nutrition; dietetics; nutritional and metabolic diseases; chronic kidney disease; supportive care; renal; kidney function; palliative care; kidney disease; kidney supportive care

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Malnutrition is a common clinical complication in kidney failure, with rates of malnutrition increasing as kidney disease progresses. The pathophysiological mechanisms of malnutrition in kidney failure are numerous and complex, leading to worse patient outcomes, reduced quality of life, and shorter survival. Early identification and intervention are crucial to halt or delay the progression of malnutrition. This Special Issue aims to explore novel research related to the identification and management of malnutrition in people with chronic kidney disease, including people receiving kidney replacement therapies and conservative kidney management. We invite authors to contribute original research, reviews, and unique perspectives addressing the identification and management of malnutrition. Topics can include conditions related to malnutrition, such as protein energy wasting, sarcopenia, and frailty, as long as the relevance and/or impact on malnutrition is clear.

Key themes include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Mechanisms related to the development of malnutrition, including nutrition impact symptoms, inflammation, uraemia, and metabolic derangements.
  • Novel nutritional interventions targeting malnutrition.
  • Novel interventions targeting the mechanistic causes of malnutrition.
  • The role of energy and protein in malnutrition management, particularly in nondialysis chronic kidney disease.

Dr. Jessica Dawson
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • chronic kidney disease
  • kidney replacement therapy
  • dialysis
  • malnutrition
  • protein energy wasting

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 693 KiB  
Article
Temporal Trends and Clinical Impact of Malnutrition on In-Hospital Outcomes Among Patients with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease: A Nationwide Inpatient Analysis
by Wannasit Wathanavasin, Charat Thongprayoon, Wisit Kaewput, Supawit Tangpanithandee, Supawadee Suppadungsuk and Wisit Cheungpasitporn
Nutrients 2025, 17(9), 1508; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17091508 (registering DOI) - 29 Apr 2025
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Malnutrition is a prevalent yet under-recognized condition in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), contributing to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare burden. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and trends of malnutrition and investigate the impact of [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Malnutrition is a prevalent yet under-recognized condition in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), contributing to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare burden. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and trends of malnutrition and investigate the impact of malnutrition on in-hospital outcomes, treatments, and resource utilization in hospitalized patients with advanced CKD. Methods: This study utilized the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database to identify hospitalized patients with advanced CKD from 2016 to 2021. This study investigated temporal trends in the prevalence and in-hospital mortality across different degrees of malnutrition in advanced CKD patients. Multivariable regression models were used to assess the association between malnutrition and in-hospital outcomes. Results: Out of 1,244,415 advanced CKD patients, 67,587 (5.4%) had mild to moderate malnutrition, and 63,785 (5.1%) had severe malnutrition. Malnourished patients exhibited significantly higher in-hospital mortality, with adjusted odds ratios of 1.70 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.64–1.75) for mild to moderate cases and 2.67 (95% CI, 2.60–2.75) for severe cases. Severely malnourished patients were associated with longer mean hospital stay by 7.0 days and higher hospitalization costs by $97,767 compared with non-malnourished patients. The prevalence of severe malnutrition showed a significant uptrend from 4.2% in 2016 to 5.5% in 2021 (p for trend < 0.001). Conclusions: Malnutrition in advanced CKD is an increasingly prevalent condition linked to worsened in-hospital outcomes and heightened healthcare resource utilization. The rising trend of severe malnutrition underscores the need for early nutritional screening and the need for future interventional studies to mitigate adverse clinical outcomes in this high-risk population. Full article
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