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Evidence-Based Nutritional Approaches and Guidelines for Multiple Sclerosis

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 April 2026 | Viewed by 1059

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
Interests: bioinformatics; immune system; modeling and simulation; molecular biology; multiple sclerosis; neuroimmunology; immune system and microbiome

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
Interests: immunology; autoimmunity; immunotherapy; neuroimmunology; multiple sclerosis; gut microbiome; vaccines
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder of the central nervous system characterized by neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Increasing evidence suggests that nutrition plays a critical role in modulating disease activity, progression, and quality of life in people with MS. Nutritional status and dietary habits can influence immune function, gut microbiota composition, systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and overall metabolic health—factors that are deeply interconnected with MS pathophysiology.

For this Special Issue, Evidence-Based Nutritional Approaches and Guidelines for Multiple Sclerosis, we invite contributions that examine the relationship between nutrition and MS, with particular emphasis on evidence-based dietary strategies that may help manage disease symptoms, improve patient outcomes, and promote overall well-being. We especially welcome studies investigating the impact of specific dietary patterns (such as the Mediterranean diet or caloric restriction), as well as the role of functional foods, micronutrients, probiotics, and nutraceuticals in modulating the gut microbiota and influencing immune and neurological responses in MS.

We also encourage submissions that address the development of personalized and sustainable nutritional guidelines, considering patient-specific needs, comorbidities, and lifestyle factors. Research investigating the underlying biological mechanisms linking nutrition, immune modulation, neuroprotection, and the gut microbiota in MS is particularly relevant.

This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current knowledge and future directions in nutritional approaches for MS, ultimately contributing to the development of clinical recommendations that can improve patient care and quality of life.

Dr. Alessandro Maglione
Dr. Simona Rolla
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutrition
  • multiple sclerosis
  • gut microbiota
  • diet
  • dietary patterns
  • macronutrients
  • micronutrients
  • quality of life
  • disease progression
  • lifestyle factors

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

34 pages, 1789 KB  
Review
The Hidden Players in Multiple Sclerosis Nutrition: A Narrative Review on the Influence of Vitamins, Polyphenols, Salt, and Essential Metals on Disease and Gut Microbiota
by Rachele Rosso, Eleonora Virgilio, Matteo Bronzini, Simona Rolla, Alessandro Maglione and Marinella Clerico
Nutrients 2026, 18(1), 148; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18010148 - 1 Jan 2026
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Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory and autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) whose cause remains unknown. Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are the current standard of care, yet growing evidence highlights the importance of complementary lifestyle-based interventions, including nutrition, in modulating [...] Read more.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory and autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) whose cause remains unknown. Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are the current standard of care, yet growing evidence highlights the importance of complementary lifestyle-based interventions, including nutrition, in modulating disease activity. Given the influence of diet on immune function, several studies have examined its effects in MS, with particular attention to specific dietary patterns and macronutrients. However, fewer studies have focused on micronutrients, bioactive compounds, and minerals and their influence in MS. In this narrative review, we report the latest evidence on micronutrients such as vitamins and essential metals, along with polyphenols and minerals like salt, in both experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and MS. We also discuss how these dietary components may influence the gut microbiota, which is considered a contributor to disease onset due to its interaction with the immune system in the gut–brain axis. While findings for vitamins B, C, E, and K remain heterogeneous, vitamins A and D show the most consistent immunological and clinical effects, with immunomodulatory, antioxidative, and neuroprotective effects in both EAE and MS. Polyphenols also display anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in EAE and, to a lesser extent, in clinical studies. Lastly, evidence suggests the importance of balanced salt intake and adequate levels of essential metals, as dysregulation may contribute to comorbidities or enhance inflammatory pathways relevant to MS. Although only a limited number of studies have explored these aspects, the gut microbiota appears to be differentially affected by these dietary factors. Overall, advancing our understanding of how these components interact with immune and microbial pathways may support the development of personalized nutritional strategies to complement current therapies and improve patient outcomes. Full article
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