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Intestinal Microbiome and Gastrointestinal Disease: The Status of the Art

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (13 July 2023) | Viewed by 5232

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS “S. Matteo” Hospital Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
Interests: functional gastrointestinal disorders; malabsorption syndrome; celiac disease; irritable bowel syndrome; osteoporosis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recently, many efforts have been made to clarify if alterations of both composition and metabolic activity of intestinal microbiota are associated with gastrointestinal disorders. In some conditions, a role for intestinal microbiota or microbioma exerting a clinically remarkable effect was described, and many lines of research are ongoing, dealing with other disease conditions. Important results were provided for functional bowel disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases, for which a role of microbioma is more perceivable, with microbiota being in direct contact with the intestinal barrrier and its immune system. However, liver diseases are also an important topic where intestinal microbiota is considered an essential pathophysiological factor, or at least a co-factor. The aim of this Special Issue is the description of knowledge on the role of intestinal microbioma in the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal disorders and the indication of future research lines to clarify the current obscure topics.

Dr. Michele Di Stefano
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • intestinal microbiota
  • functional gastrointestinal diseases
  • brain–gut axis
  • visceral sensitivity
  • gastrointestinal motility
  • inflammatory bowel diseases
  • irritable bowel syndrome

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

25 pages, 3497 KiB  
Review
Unraveling the Impact of Gut and Oral Microbiome on Gut Health in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
by Hala Elzayat, Ghaidaa Mesto and Farah Al-Marzooq
Nutrients 2023, 15(15), 3377; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153377 - 29 Jul 2023
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4843
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). IBD mainly includes two distinct diseases, namely Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. To date, the precise etiology of these conditions is not fully elucidated. Recent research [...] Read more.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). IBD mainly includes two distinct diseases, namely Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. To date, the precise etiology of these conditions is not fully elucidated. Recent research has shed light on the significant role of the oral and gut microbiome in the development and progression of IBD and its collective influence on gut health. This review aims to investigate the connection between the oral and gut microbiome in the context of IBD, exploring the intricate interplay between these microbial communities and their impact on overall gut health. Recent advances in microbiome research have revealed a compelling link between the oral and gut microbiome, highlighting their pivotal role in maintaining overall health. The oral cavity and GIT are two interconnected ecosystems that harbor complex microbial communities implicated in IBD pathogenesis in several ways. Reduction in diversity and abundance of beneficial bacterial species with the colonization of opportunistic pathogens can induce gut inflammation. Some of these pathogens can arise from oral origin, especially in patients with oral diseases such as periodontitis. It is essential to discern the mechanisms of microbial transmission, the impact of oral health on the gut microbiome, and the potential role of dysbiosis in disease development. By elucidating this relationship, we can enhance our understanding of IBD pathogenesis and identify potential therapeutic avenues for managing the disease. Furthermore, innovative strategies for modulating the oral and gut microbiome can promote health and prevent disease occurrence and progression. Full article
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