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Nutrients
Special Issues
Effects of Diet, Lifestyle on Maternal and Offspring Obesity
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Effects of Diet, Lifestyle on Maternal and Offspring Obesity

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Obesity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (14 November 2023) | Viewed by 7176

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Benazir Siddeek

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Woman-Mother-Child Department, Division of Pediatrics, DOHaD Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 27, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
Interests: DOHaD; nutrition; maternal; epigenetics; non-communicable diseases

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Obesity is one of the greatest public health concerns of the 21st century and, concerningly, maternal obesity is increasing at an alarming rate. Fetal and perinatal periods represent windows of sensitivity, during which qualitative or quantitative alterations to maternal nutrition and lifestyle influence the offspring's risk of developing metabolic disturbances and obesity, maintaining a vicious cycle. This Special Issue will focus on the maternal factors related to lifestyle, dietary approaches, food intake and composition that influence offspring obesity. Articles which investigate how these factors can modulate obesity through epigenetics, placental function, brain development, hormonal regulations, and breast milk and microbiome composition are welcome. Authors are also encouraged to submit research and reviews with emphasis on prevention and treatment strategies.

Dr. Benazir Siddeek
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • maternal nutrition
  • lifestyle
  • developmental origin of health and disease
  • obesity
  • metabolic disorders
  • epigenetics
  • placenta
  • microbiome
  • mitochondria

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 2456 KiB  
Article
Effect of a Diet-Induced Obesity on the Progeny Response in a Murine Model
by Maria Gallardo Paffetti, Juan G. Cárcamo, Lucía Azócar-Aedo and Angel Parra
Nutrients 2023, 15(23), 4970; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15234970 - 30 Nov 2023
Viewed by 799
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity could have detrimental effects on adults and their progeny. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a high-energy diet on both F1 mice body weight and tissue/organ weight and F2 offspring growth. A simple murine model for [...] Read more.
Diet-induced obesity could have detrimental effects on adults and their progeny. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a high-energy diet on both F1 mice body weight and tissue/organ weight and F2 offspring growth. A simple murine model for obesity was developed using a high-energy diet and mice reared in litters of five or ten, from 30 dams receiving a cafeteria diet of either commercial chow (low energy), or a mixture of commercial chow, chocolate (50% cacao), and salty peanuts (high energy). This diet continued from mating until weaning, when the pups were allocated according to sex into eight groups based on maternal diet, litter size, and post-weaning diet. On day 74, the males were slaughtered, and the females were bred then slaughtered after lactation. As a result, the high-energy maternal diet increased the F1 offspring growth during lactation, while the high-energy post-weaning diet increased the F1 adult body weight and tissue/organ weight. The high-energy maternal diet could negatively affect the onset of the F1 but not the maintenance of breastfeeding of F1 and F2 offspring. For F2 offspring growth, the high energy overlapped the low-energy post-weaning diet, due to problems of gaining weight during lactation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Diet, Lifestyle on Maternal and Offspring Obesity)
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23 pages, 5271 KiB  
Article
Multi-Omics Data Integration Reveals Sex-Dependent Hippocampal Programming by Maternal High-Fat Diet during Lactation in Adult Mouse Offspring
by Thibaut Gauvrit, Hamza Benderradji, Alexandre Pelletier, Soulaimane Aboulouard, Emilie Faivre, Kévin Carvalho, Aude Deleau, Emmanuelle Vallez, Agathe Launay, Anna Bogdanova, Mélanie Besegher, Stéphanie Le Gras, Anne Tailleux, Michel Salzet, Luc Buée, Fabien Delahaye, David Blum and Didier Vieau
Nutrients 2023, 15(21), 4691; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214691 - 5 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1621
Abstract
Early-life exposure to high-fat diets (HF) can program metabolic and cognitive alterations in adult offspring. Although the hippocampus plays a crucial role in memory and metabolic homeostasis, few studies have reported the impact of maternal HF on this structure. We assessed the effects [...] Read more.
Early-life exposure to high-fat diets (HF) can program metabolic and cognitive alterations in adult offspring. Although the hippocampus plays a crucial role in memory and metabolic homeostasis, few studies have reported the impact of maternal HF on this structure. We assessed the effects of maternal HF during lactation on physiological, metabolic, and cognitive parameters in young adult offspring mice. To identify early-programming mechanisms in the hippocampus, we developed a multi-omics strategy in male and female offspring. Maternal HF induced a transient increased body weight at weaning, and a mild glucose intolerance only in 3-month-old male mice with no change in plasma metabolic parameters in adult male and female offspring. Behavioral alterations revealed by a Barnes maze test were observed both in 6-month-old male and female mice. The multi-omics strategy unveiled sex-specific transcriptomic and proteomic modifications in the hippocampus of adult offspring. These studies that were confirmed by regulon analysis show that, although genes whose expression was modified by maternal HF were different between sexes, the main pathways affected were similar with mitochondria and synapses as main hippocampal targets of maternal HF. The effects of maternal HF reported here may help to better characterize sex-dependent molecular pathways involved in cognitive disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Diet, Lifestyle on Maternal and Offspring Obesity)
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14 pages, 604 KiB  
Article
Dietary Pattern Influences Gestational Weight Gain: Results from the ProcriAr Cohort Study—São Paulo, Brazil
by Silvia Regina Dias Medici Saldiva, Adélia da Costa Pereira De Arruda Neta, Juliana Araujo Teixeira, Stela Verzinhasse Peres, Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni, Mariana Azevedo Carvalho, Sandra Elisabete Vieira and Rossana Pulcineli Vieira Francisco
Nutrients 2022, 14(20), 4428; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14204428 - 21 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2189
Abstract
The maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) influence maternal and infant outcomes. This study identified patterns of habitual dietary intake in 385 pregnant women in São Paulo and explored their associations with excessive weight gain (EGWG). Weight at [...] Read more.
The maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) influence maternal and infant outcomes. This study identified patterns of habitual dietary intake in 385 pregnant women in São Paulo and explored their associations with excessive weight gain (EGWG). Weight at the first visit (<14 weeks) was used as a proxy for pre-pregnancy weight. Food consumption was assessed using the 24HR method, administered twice at each gestational trimester, and dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis. Three dietary patterns were identified: “Vegetables and Fruits,” “Western,” and “Brazilian Traditional.” Descriptive data analysis was performed using absolute and relative frequencies for each independent variable and multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression was used to analyze excessive gestational gain weight (EGWG) and dietary patterns (DP). The Brazilian Traditional dietary pattern showed a protective effect on EGWG (p = 0.04) and age > 35 years (p = 0.03), while subjects overweight at baseline had a higher probability of EGWG (p = 0.02), suggesting that the identification of dietary and weight inadequacies should be observed from the beginning of pregnancy, accompanied by nutritional intervention and weight monitoring throughout the gestational period to reduce risks to the mother and child’s health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Diet, Lifestyle on Maternal and Offspring Obesity)
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Review

Jump to: Research

24 pages, 437 KiB  
Review
Understanding the Immunological Quality of Breast Milk in Maternal Overweight and Obesity
by Anita Froń and Magdalena Orczyk-Pawiłowicz
Nutrients 2023, 15(24), 5016; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15245016 - 5 Dec 2023
Viewed by 2078
Abstract
Maternal obesity, affecting many pregnant women globally, not only poses immediate health risks but also modulates breast milk composition. Obesity is linked to inflammation and oxidative stress, impacting breast milk’s immune properties. This paper explores the intricate relationship between maternal metabolic disorders, such [...] Read more.
Maternal obesity, affecting many pregnant women globally, not only poses immediate health risks but also modulates breast milk composition. Obesity is linked to inflammation and oxidative stress, impacting breast milk’s immune properties. This paper explores the intricate relationship between maternal metabolic disorders, such as obesity, and breast milk’s immunological components. We conducted a thorough search for original and review articles published until 17 October 2023 in the PUBMED/Scopus database. This search included several terms related to human breast milk, immunological properties, and obesity. Articles were selected with the consensus of all authors. Maternal metabolic disorders have discernible effects on the composition of immune-related components in breast milk, such as immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, C-reactive protein, growth factors, extracellular vesicles, and lymphocytes. These changes in breast milk composition can significantly impact the newborn’s immune system, with potential long-term health implications beyond the immediate postnatal period. Maternal metabolic health is a critical factor in shaping the health trajectory of the neonate through breastfeeding, although the full advantages of breastfeeding for children of mothers with obesity remain uncertain. Ongoing research aims to understand and unravel these links. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Diet, Lifestyle on Maternal and Offspring Obesity)
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