State of the Art in Nanotoxicology

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Biology and Medicines".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 August 2026 | Viewed by 1174

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biochemistry and Physiology and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: nanotoxicology; in vitro; skin irritation; skin sensitization; cytotoxicity
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Twenty years ago, Donaldson coined the term nanotoxicology to describe the study of the toxicity of nanomaterials. Since then, it has been recognized as a subdiscipline of toxicology, and in recent years, the field has grown significantly due to the rise of nanotechnology. Nanotoxicology aims to understand the toxicological properties of nanomaterials by considering their chemical and physical characteristics, as well as how they interact with biological systems. Traditionally, nanotoxicology studies have relied on animal models. However, animal welfare considerations, certain bans on the use of laboratory animals, such as in the case of cosmetics, and the development of novel methodologies have led to a substantial increase in studies conducted without the use of experimental animals. In this context, the application of Next-Generation Risk Assessment (NGRA) for risk evaluation is based on the integration of in silico, in chemico, and in vitro approaches. This Special Issue will present various studies that aim to assess the safety of nanomaterials at both the human and environmental levels. Additionally, novel applications of nanotoxicology will be explored.

Prof. Dr. Maria Pilar Vinardell
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • nanotoxicology
  • in vitro
  • in silico
  • NGRA
  • cytotoxicity

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

23 pages, 4647 KB  
Article
An AOP-Based Integrated In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of the Non-Genotoxic Carcinogenic Potential of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
by Minju Kim, Heesung Hwang, Sulhwa Song, Keun-Soo Kim, JuHee Lee and Seung Min Oh
Nanomaterials 2026, 16(4), 273; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16040273 - 20 Feb 2026
Viewed by 590
Abstract
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are increasingly incorporated into industrial and consumer products, raising concerns about potential carcinogenicity because their physicochemical properties vary widely among materials. Although Mitsui-7 has been classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans (IARC, Group 2B), the carcinogenic potential of domestically [...] Read more.
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are increasingly incorporated into industrial and consumer products, raising concerns about potential carcinogenicity because their physicochemical properties vary widely among materials. Although Mitsui-7 has been classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans (IARC, Group 2B), the carcinogenic potential of domestically manufactured MWCNTs and the determinants underlying material-specific differences remain insufficiently characterized. Here, we applied an adverse outcome pathway (AOP)-oriented integrated testing strategy (ITS) to compare four domestically manufactured MWCNTs with Mitsui-7 using human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells. Acute responses were assessed by measuring cytotoxicity and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Exposure concentrations for long-term studies were selected using range-finding assays, and cells were then exposed for four weeks at non-cytotoxic concentrations. Following chronic exposure, transformation-related phenotypes were evaluated using anchorage-independent growth, anchorage-dependent clonogenicity, wound healing migration, and Transwell–Matrigel invasion assays, and tumorigenic potential was examined in xenograft models using colony-derived cells. Highly aggregated MWCNTs elicited stronger oxidative stress and were associated with increased proliferation/clonal expansion, enhanced anchorage-independent colony formation, and increased tumor formation in vivo, whereas other materials showed more limited or endpoint-specific responses. Overall, the results indicate that MWCNT-associated carcinogenic potential is material-dependent rather than a uniform class effect and support the utility of an AOP-aligned ITS for nanosafety assessment and hazard differentiation of carbon-based nanomaterials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State of the Art in Nanotoxicology)
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