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A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Electrochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2023) | Viewed by 10716

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Dr. Haiyong He

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Guest Editor

Ningbo Institute of Industrial Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
Interests: Lithium-ion battery; synthesis and properties of functional carbonaceous materials and hybrid materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Until about 25 years ago, the battery market was seen as established, with demand closely related to the sale of either automobiles or various consumer products. Due to the great improvement in portable devices and automotive applications, the development of high-performance lithium ion batteries with high-capacity retention, high coulombic efficiency, high energy density, and low cost is becoming increasingly urgent. A comprehensive understanding of the failure mechanism of materials and developing new materials plays a critical role in further improving the electrochemical performance of lithium ion batteries. Therefore, this Special Issue aims to provide a platform for researchers and engineers to present their latest research findings and engineering experiences in developing and applying novel technologies to improve and address current challenges.

We welcome submissions to this Special Issue. Relevant topics include, but are not limited to electrode materials and active elements, aluminum, cobalt compounds, conductive polymers, copper compounds, electrolytic manganese dioxide halogens, fullerenes, inorganic carbon, lithium metal and compounds nickel metal and compounds, rare earth compounds, sulfur compounds, vanadium compounds, lithium battery electrolytes, and battery separators.

Dr. Haiyong He
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3561 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Multifunctional Coating on Sulfur-Containing Carbon-Based Anode for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries

by Lin Zhu, Bo Yin, Yuting Zhang, Qian Wu, Hongqiang Xu, Haojie Duan, Meiqin Shi and Haiyong He

Molecules 2023, 28(8), 3335; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28083335 - 10 Apr 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1631

Abstract

A sulfur doping strategy has been frequently used to improve the sodium storage specific capacity and rate capacity of hard carbon. However, some hard carbon materials have difficulty in preventing the shuttling effect of electrochemical products of sulfur molecules stored in the porous structure of hard carbon, resulting in the poor cycling stability of electrode materials. Here, a multifunctional coating is introduced to comprehensively improve the sodium storage performance of a sulfur-containing carbon-based anode. The physical barrier effect and chemical anchoring effect contributed by the abundant C-S/C-N polarized covalent bond of the N, S-codoped coating (NSC) combine to protect SGCS@NSC from the shuttling effect of soluble polysulfide intermediates. Additionally, the NSC layer can encapsulate the highly dispersed carbon spheres inside a cross-linked three-dimensional conductive network, improving the electrochemical kinetic of the SGCS@NSC electrode. Benefiting from the multifunctional coating, SGCS@NSC exhibits a high capacity of 609 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹ and 249 mAh g⁻¹ at 6.4 A g⁻¹. Furthermore, the capacity retention of SGCS@NSC is 17.6% higher than that of the uncoated one after 200 cycles at 0.5 A g⁻¹. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontier in Lithium-Ion Battery)

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11 pages, 1984 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Interlayer-Expanded MoS₂ Enabled by Sandwiched Monolayer Carbon for High Performance Potassium Storage

by Yuting Zhang, Lin Zhu, Hongqiang Xu, Qian Wu, Haojie Duan, Boshi Chen and Haiyong He

Molecules 2023, 28(6), 2608; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28062608 - 13 Mar 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1349

Abstract

Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have aroused a large amount of interest recently due to the plentiful potassium resource, which may show cost benefits over lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the huge volume expansion induced by the intercalation of large-sized potassium ions and the intrinsic sluggish kinetics of the anode hamper the application of PIBs. Herein, by rational design, nano-roses assembled from petals with a MoS₂/monolayer carbon (C-MoS₂) sandwiched structure were successfully synthesized. The interlayer distance of ultrathin C-MoS₂ was expanded from original MoS₂ of 6.2 to 9.6 Å due to the formation of the MoS₂-carbon inter overlapped superstructure. This unique structure efficiently alleviates the mechanical strain, prevents the aggregation of MoS₂, creates more active sites, facilitates electron transport, and enhances the specific capacity and K⁺ diffusion kinetics. As a result, the prepared C-MoS₂-1 anode delivers a high reversible specific capacity (437 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹) and satisfying rate performance (123 mAh g⁻¹ at 6.4 A g⁻¹). Therefore, this work provides new insights into the design of high-performance anode materials of PIBs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontier in Lithium-Ion Battery)

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9 pages, 5058 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Silicon/Graphite/Amorphous Carbon as Anode Materials for Lithium Secondary Batteries

by Haojie Duan, Hongqiang Xu, Qian Wu, Lin Zhu, Yuting Zhang, Bo Yin and Haiyong He

Molecules 2023, 28(2), 464; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020464 - 04 Jan 2023

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3861

Abstract

Although silicon is being researched as one of the most promising anode materials for future generation lithium-ion batteries owing to its greater theoretical capacity (3579 mAh g⁻¹), its practical applicability is hampered by its worse rate properties and poor cycle performance. Herein, a silicon/graphite/amorphous carbon (Si/G/C) anode composite material has been successfully prepared by a facile spray-drying method followed by heating treatment, exhibiting excellent electrochemical performance compared with silicon/amorphous carbon (Si/C) in lithium-ion batteries. At 0.1 A g⁻¹, the Si/G/C sample exhibits a high initial discharge capacity of 1886 mAh g⁻¹, with a high initial coulombic efficiency of 90.18%, the composite can still deliver a high initial charge capacity of 800 mAh g⁻¹ at 2 A g⁻¹, and shows a superior cyclic and rate performance compared to the Si/C anode sample. This work provides a facile approach to synthesize Si/G/C composite for lithium-ion batteries and has proven that graphite replacing amorphous carbon can effectively improve the electrochemical performance, even using low-performance micrometer silicon and large size flake graphite. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontier in Lithium-Ion Battery)

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9 pages, 5022 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Ultra-Thin Wrinkled Carbon Sheet as an Anode Material of High-Power-Density Potassium-Ion Batteries

by Boshi Cheng, Xing Li, Linhai Pan, Hongqiang Xu, Haojie Duan, Qian Wu, Bo Yin and Haiyong He

Molecules 2022, 27(9), 2973; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092973 - 06 May 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1616

Abstract

Although K⁺ is readily inserted into graphite, the volume expansion of graphite of up to 60% upon the formation of KC₈, together with its slow diffusion kinetics, prevent graphite from being used as an anode for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs). Soft carbon with low crystallinity and an incompact carbon structure can overcome these shortcomings of graphite. Here, ultra-thin two-dimensional (2D) wrinkled soft carbon sheets (USCs) are demonstrated to have high specific capacity, excellent rate capability, and outstanding reversibility. The wrinkles themselves prevent the dense stacking of micron-sized sheets and provide sufficient space to accommodate the volume change of USCs during the insertion/extraction of K⁺. The ultra-thin property reduces strain during the formation of K-C compounds, and further maintains structural stability. The wrinkles and heteroatoms also introduce abundant edge defects that can provide more active sites and shorten the K⁺ migration distance, improving reaction kinetics. The optimized USC₂₀₋₁ electrode exhibits a reversible capacity of 151 mAh g⁻¹ even at 6400 mA g⁻¹, and excellent cyclic stability up to 2500 cycles at 1000 mA g⁻¹. Such comprehensive electrochemical performance will accelerate the adoption of PIBs in electrical energy applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontier in Lithium-Ion Battery)

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12 pages, 6297 KiB

Open AccessArticle

One-Step Route to Fe₂O₃ and FeSe₂ Nanoparticles Loaded on Carbon-Sheet for Lithium Storage

by Denghu Wei, Leilei Xu, Zhiqi Wang, Xiaojie Jiang, Xiaxia Liu, Yuxue Ma and Jie Wang

Molecules 2022, 27(9), 2875; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27092875 - 30 Apr 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1509

Abstract

Iron-based anode materials, such as Fe₂O₃ and FeSe₂ have attracted widespread attention for lithium-ion batteries due to their high capacities. However, the capacity decays seriously because of poor conductivity and severe volume expansion. Designing nanostructures combined with carbon are effective means to improve cycling stability. In this work, ultra-small Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles loaded on a carbon framework were synthesized through a one-step thermal decomposition of the commercial C₁₅H₂₁FeO₆ [Iron (III) acetylacetonate], which could be served as the source of Fe, O, and C. As an anode material, the Fe₂O₃@C anode delivers a specific capacity of 747.8 mAh g⁻¹ after 200 cycles at 200 mA g⁻¹ and 577.8 mAh g⁻¹ after 365 cycles at 500 mA g⁻¹. When selenium powder was introduced into the reaction system, the FeSe₂ nano-rods encapsulated in the carbon shell were obtained, which also displayed a relatively good performance in lithium storage capacity (852 mAh g⁻¹ after 150 cycles under the current density of 100 mA·g⁻¹). This study may provide an alternative way to prepare other carbon-composited metal compounds, such as FeN_x@C, FeP_x@C, and FeS_x@C, and found their applications in the field of electrochemistry. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frontier in Lithium-Ion Battery)

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