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Flavonoids and Other Polyphenols: Extraction, Analysis and Biological Properties

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A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 2825

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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, the interest in flavonoids and other polyphenols as dietary biologically active compounds (bioactive) has greatly increased. Plant polyphenols, especially flavonoids, have been shown to possess numerous health-promoting physiological benefits in a wide range of investigations, from cell-based assays to epidemiological and human intervention studies. Polyphenols are ubiquitously present in plant-based foods, teas, wines, and traditional herbal remedies. The physiological benefits of dietary polyphenols have been demonstrated to be due to multiple mechanisms of action, including regulating redox homeostasis, epigenetic regulations, activation of survival genes and signaling pathways, regulation of mitochondrial function and bioenergetics, and modulation of inflammation response. The role of polyphenols on gut microbiota and the impact of their microbial metabolites (postbiotics) on optimal health have begun to be discovered.

Therefore, this Special Issue is dedicated to original research articles, which cover the latest findings on the extraction and distribution of polyphenols, role of dietary polyphenols on the prevention or delay of chronic disorderes, and their underling mechanism of actions. Review articles are welcome to discuss the advancement of our knowledge of the effects of polyphenols on specific disorders, the interaction of polyphenols with gut microbiota, and modern green extraction technologies and approches to enhance flavonoid stability, bioavailability, and bio-efficacy.

Prof. Dr. H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

flavonoids and polyphenols
extraction, isolation and identification
non-communicable diseases
disease prevention
mechanisms of action
postbiotics of polyphenols
bioavailability
functional foods and nutraceuticals
food technologies

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 3224 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Polyphenols-Rich Extract of Calotropis procera Alone and in Combination with Trichoderma Culture Filtrate for Biocontrol of Cantaloupe Wilt and Root Rot Fungi

by Ashraf M. Nofal, Ragaa A. Hamouda, Amira Rizk, Mohamed Abd El-Rahman, Adel K. Takla, Hoda Galal, Mashael Daghash Alqahtani, Basmah M. Alharbi, Amr Elkelish and Sabery Shaheen

Molecules 2024, 29(1), 139; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29010139 - 26 Dec 2023

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Abstract

Fungal diseases have always been a major problem for cantaloupe crops; however, synthetic fungicides are hazardous to humans and the environment. Consequently, a feasible alternative to fungicides without side effects could be by using bio agents and naturally occurring plants with antibacterial potential. This study has achieved a novel procedure for managing wilt and root rot diseases by potentially using Trichoderma sp. culture filtrates in consortium with plant extract of Calotropis procera, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, and Pythium ultimum, which were isolated from infected cantaloupe roots with identified root rot symptoms. The antagonistic activity of four Trichoderma isolates and analysis of antibiotics and filtrate enzymes of the most active Trichoderma isolate were determined as well as phytochemical analysis of C. procera plant extract using HPLC-UV. The obtained results showed that all Trichoderma isolates considerably lowered the radial growth of P. ultimum, R. solani, and F. oxysporum in varying degrees. The scanning electron micrographs illustrate the mycoparasitic nature of Trichoderma sp. on F. oxysporum. The phytochemical analysis of C. procera indicated that phenolic contents were the major compounds found in extracts, such as vanillin (46.79%), chlorogenic acid (30.24%), gallic acid (8.06%), and daidzein (3.45%) but including only a low amount of the flavonoid compounds rutin, naringenin, and hesperetin. The Pot experiment’s findings showed that cantaloupe was best protected against wilting and root rot diseases when it was treated with both Trichoderma sp. culture filtrates (10%) and C. procera extract of (15 mg/mL), both alone and in combination. This study demonstrates that the application of bio agent Trichoderma spp. filtrate with C. procera phenol extract appears useful for controlling wilting and root rot disease in cantaloupe. This innovative approach could be used as an alternative to chemical fungicide for the control of wilting and rot root diseases. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Flavonoids and Other Polyphenols: Extraction, Analysis and Biological Properties)

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Review

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30 pages, 2026 KiB

Open AccessReview

Proanthocyanidins-Based Synbiotics as a Novel Strategy for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Risk Reduction

by Wasitha P. D. W. Thilakarathna and H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe

Molecules 2024, 29(3), 709; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29030709 - 03 Feb 2024

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Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common liver disease worldwide, is a spectrum of liver abnormalities ranging from steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) characterized by excessive lipid accumulation. The prevalence of NAFLD is predicted to increase rapidly, demanding novel approaches to reduce the global NAFLD burden. Flavonoids, the most abundant dietary polyphenols, can reduce the risk of NAFLD. The majority of dietary flavonoids are proanthocyanidins (PACs), which are oligomers and polymers of the flavonoid sub-group flavan-3-ols. The efficacy of PAC in reducing the NAFLD risk can be significantly hindered by low bioavailability. The development of synbiotics by combining PAC with probiotics may increase effectiveness against NAFLD by biotransforming PAC into bioavailable metabolites. PAC and probiotic bacteria are capable of mitigating steatosis primarily through suppressing de novo lipogenesis and promoting fatty acid β-oxidation. PAC and probiotic bacteria can reduce the progression of steatosis to NASH mainly through ameliorating hepatic damage and inflammation induced by hepatic oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Synbiotics of PAC are superior in reducing the risk of NAFLD compared to independent administration of PAC and probiotics. The development of PAC-based synbiotics can be a novel strategy to mitigate the increasing incidence of NAFLD. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Flavonoids and Other Polyphenols: Extraction, Analysis and Biological Properties)

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