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Molecular Effects of Metal Nanoparticles on Plant Growth

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Cross-Field Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 3362

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Interests: nanoparticles; nanomedicine; nanobiotechnology; plant physiology; crop improvement; oilseed crops; crop production

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The effects of nanoparticles on plants can be both positive and negative, depending on the type of nanoparticle and the concentration used. Positive impacts of nanoparticles on plant growth include increased crop yield and quality, improved stress tolerance, enhanced disease resistance, increased nutrient availability, and improved pesticide efficacy. However, excessive exposure to certain types of nanoparticles can lead to toxicity and oxidative stress, resulting in reduced plant growth and yield. It is also important to consider potential risks to the environment and human health when using nanoparticles in agriculture and horticulture.

The Special Issue, "Molecular Effects of Metal Nanoparticles on Plant Growth", provides a platform for the publication of studies related to the impact of metal nanoparticles on plant growth at the molecular level. This could include discussions on the uptake, distribution, and potential toxicity of metal nanoparticles in plants, as well as the effects on key plant processes such as photosynthesis and nutrient uptake as well as the potential benefits and limitations of using metal nanoparticles in agriculture and horticulture through original papers and short communications, but also for providing an overview of the current knowledge in this field through reviews.

Dr. Zia-ur-Rehman Mashwani
Dr. Shah Fahad
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • plant–nanoparticle interaction
  • nanoparticle toxicity
  • nutrient uptake
  • stress tolerance
  • disease resistance
  • nutrient availability
  • phytoremediation
  • agricultural nanotechnology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 6573 KiB  
Article
Kinetin Capped Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Improve Plant Growth and Ameliorate Resistivity to Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-Induced Drought Stress in Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek (Mung Bean)
by Maham Ajmal, Rehman Ullah, Zahir Muhammad, Muhammad Nauman Khan, Hussain Ahmad Kakar, Alevcan Kaplan, Mohammad K. Okla, Ibrahim A. Saleh, Asif Kamal, Abdullah Abdullah and Sarah Abdul Razak
Molecules 2023, 28(13), 5059; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28135059 - 28 Jun 2023
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 2764
Abstract
Plants are sessile and mostly exposed to various environmental stresses which hamper plant growth, development, and significantly decline its production. Drought stress is considered to be one of the most significant limiting factors for crop plants, notably in arid and semi-arid parts the [...] Read more.
Plants are sessile and mostly exposed to various environmental stresses which hamper plant growth, development, and significantly decline its production. Drought stress is considered to be one of the most significant limiting factors for crop plants, notably in arid and semi-arid parts the world. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the potential impact of different concentrations (10, 100, and 200 µg/mL) of kinetin capped zinc oxide nanoparticles (Kn-ZnONPs) on Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek under varying levels (5%, 10%, 15%) of PEG-induced drought stress. ZnONPs were synthesized by a co-precipitation method using Zinc acetate as a precursor at pH-12, incinerated to 500 °C, and kinetin was used as a surface functionalizing agent. The resulting Kn-ZnONPs were characterized by various contemporary analytical techniques, including SEM, SEM-EDS, XRD, DLS, and Zeta potential and IR spectroscopy. Crystalline Kn-ZnONPs, with a zeta potential of 27.8 mV and a size of 67.78 nm, of hexagonal wurtzite structure and vibrational stretches associated with N-H, C-O, C-N, etc., were confirmed. PEG-induced drought stress significantly reduced the growth of V. radiata by declining the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents. Moreover, a significant decrease in the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), soluble sugar contents, proline, protein contents, phenol, and tannin were observed compared to the control. However, the exogenous application of Kn-ZnONPs ameliorated all photosynthetic parameters by up-regulating the antioxidant defense system through the promotion of SOD, POD, CAT, and lipid peroxidation levels. The biochemical parameters, such as proteins, soluble sugars, and proline, were observed to be maximum in plants treated with 200 µg/mL Kn-ZnONPs under 5% drought stress. The application of Kn-ZnONPs also enhanced the total phenol contents, flavonoid, and tannin contents. In conclusion, the findings of this study demonstrate that the exogenous application of Kn-ZnONPs provides beneficial effects to V. radiata by attenuating the damaging effects of drought stress through the up-regulation of the antioxidant defense system and osmolytes. These results suggest that Kn-ZnONPs have potential as a novel approach to improve crop productivity under drought stress conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Effects of Metal Nanoparticles on Plant Growth)
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