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Phytochemicals as Valuable Tools for Fighting Metabolic Disorders

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Natural Products Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 2144

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84100 Fisciano, SA, Italy
Interests: anticancer agents; natural products; synthesis of small molecules, peptides, and peptidomimetics; medicinal chemistry; drug design
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, Health, and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria Via Pietro Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
Interests: synthesis of heterocyclic compounds; chemotherapeutics; antioxidants; food-derived bioactive molecules; medicinal chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, phytochemicals have gained increasing attention for their treatment of metabolic disorders. Diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, obesity and metabolic syndrome are the main examples of these disorders, which are widely prevalent in developed countries and are often associated with the risk of co-morbidities such as cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Phytochemicals have shown promising effects due to their diverse biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and insulin-sensitising properties, and could thus be useful for prevention or as therapeutic alternatives or adjuvants to approved synthetic drugs. They could also be starting points for the development of new drugs with improved efficacy.

This Special Issue aims to provide original research or reviews on specific plant compounds, their effects on metabolic pathways and their potential in dietary interventions. Identification, characterization, biological evaluation in vivo and in vitro, computational studies, the mechanism of action of phytochemicals and their synthetic analogs with hypoglycemic and/or hypolipidemic activity are topics of interest for this Special Issue to which you are invited to contribute.

Dr. Anna Ramunno
Dr. Francesca Aiello
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • phytochemicals
  • metabolic disorders
  • obesity
  • diabetes
  • antioxidants
  • therapeutic applications

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

40 pages, 1548 KiB  
Review
The Role of Genistein in Type 2 Diabetes and Beyond: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential
by Mateusz Kciuk, Weronika Kruczkowska, Katarzyna Wanke, Julia Gałęziewska, Damian Kołat, Somdutt Mujwar and Renata Kontek
Molecules 2025, 30(5), 1068; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30051068 - 26 Feb 2025
Viewed by 836
Abstract
The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) necessitates the exploration of novel therapeutic approaches to mitigate its complex molecular pathogenesis. This review investigates the potential role of genistein, a prominent isoflavone derived from soybeans, in the management of T2DM. Recognized for [...] Read more.
The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) necessitates the exploration of novel therapeutic approaches to mitigate its complex molecular pathogenesis. This review investigates the potential role of genistein, a prominent isoflavone derived from soybeans, in the management of T2DM. Recognized for its selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) activity, genistein exerts a multifaceted influence on key intracellular signaling pathways, which are crucial in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and insulin signaling. Genistein’s anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and metabolic regulatory properties position it as a promising candidate for T2DM intervention. This review synthesizes current research spanning preclinical studies and clinical trials, emphasizing genistein’s impact on insulin sensitivity, glucose metabolism, and inflammatory markers. Additionally, this review addresses genistein’s bioavailability, safety, and potential influence on gut microbiota composition. By consolidating these findings, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of genistein’s therapeutic potential in T2DM management, offering valuable insights for future research and clinical practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phytochemicals as Valuable Tools for Fighting Metabolic Disorders)
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21 pages, 7937 KiB  
Review
Review of Cathepsin K Inhibitor Development and the Potential Role of Phytochemicals
by Dong Oh Moon
Molecules 2025, 30(1), 91; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30010091 - 29 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1032
Abstract
Cathepsin K plays a pivotal role in bone resorption and has emerged as a prominent therapeutic target for treating bone-related diseases such as osteoporosis. Despite significant advances in synthetic inhibitor development, none have achieved FDA approval due to safety and efficacy challenges. This [...] Read more.
Cathepsin K plays a pivotal role in bone resorption and has emerged as a prominent therapeutic target for treating bone-related diseases such as osteoporosis. Despite significant advances in synthetic inhibitor development, none have achieved FDA approval due to safety and efficacy challenges. This review highlights the potential of phytochemicals as alternative inhibitors, emphasizing their natural origin, structural diversity, and minimal adverse effects. Key phytochemicals, including AC-5-1, Cycloaltilisin 6, Cycloaltilisin 7, Nicolaioidesin C, and Panduratin A, were examined for their inhibitory activities against cathepsin K. While these compounds exhibit varying IC50 values, their docking studies revealed significant interactions within Cathepsin K’s active site, particularly involving critical residues such as Cys25 and His162. However, challenges such as lower potency compared to synthetic inhibitors and limited in vivo studies underscore the need for structural optimization and comprehensive preclinical evaluations. This review discusses biological insights, current limitations, and future strategies for advancing phytochemical-based inhibitors toward clinical applications in managing Cathepsin K-associated diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phytochemicals as Valuable Tools for Fighting Metabolic Disorders)
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