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Novel Nanomaterials for Pollution Control and Environmental Remediation

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Green Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 2048

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Ilie Murgulescu Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
Interests: functional nanomaterials; adsorption; micro/mesoporous materials; manocomposites; metal oxides; magnetic materials; biomaterials; water treatment; spinel ferrite; N2 adsorption desorption analysis; FT-IR spectroscopy; dynamic light scaterring (DLS); zeta potential
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Environmental pollution poses serious risks to ecosystems and public health worldwide. Contaminants such as heavy metals, persistent organic compounds, microplastics, and emerging pollutants accumulate in air, water, and soil, threatening biodiversity and human well-being. Addressing these challenges requires innovative, efficient, and sustainable technologies capable of overcoming the limitations of conventional remediation methods. Nanomaterials, owing to their unique physicochemical properties, including high surface area, tunable surface chemistry, and enhanced reactivity, have demonstrated exceptional potential to detect, capture, degrade, or transform pollutants even at trace levels, offering promising solutions for pollution control and environmental remediation. Various types of nanomaterials have been developed for environmental applications, including metal oxide nanoparticles, carbon-based nanostructures such as graphene and carbon nanotubes, nanocomposites, and hybrid materials.

This Special Issue of Molecules, titled "Novel Nanomaterials for Pollution Control and Environmental Remediation", gathers recent advances in the synthesis, characterization, and application of novel nanomaterials for removing contaminants from air, water, and soil. Topics include the development of novel functional nanomaterials for the removal of heavy metals, organic pollutants, and emerging contaminants from various environmental media.

We welcome original research articles and review papers that explore innovative synthesis strategies, mechanisms of action, and practical case studies of nanomaterial-based technologies for mitigating environmental pollution.

Dr. Daniela Cristina Culita
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • functional nanomaterials
  • environmental pollution
  • remediation technologies
  • heavy metals removal
  • organic pollutants
  • emerging contaminants
  • pollution control

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 6840 KB  
Article
Magnetically Recoverable ICT-Functionalized Fe3O4 Nanoparticles for Efficient Horseradish Peroxidase Immobilization
by Katarina Isaković, Marko Jonović, Dušan Sredojević, Marko Bošković, Jovana Periša, Zorica Knežević-Jugović and Vesna Lazić
Molecules 2026, 31(1), 178; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31010178 - 2 Jan 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 842
Abstract
The formation of interfacial charge transfer (ICT) complexes between phenolic ligands and metal oxide surfaces enables surface functionalization strategies with potential applications in catalysis and bioconjugation. In this study, magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were modified with two phenolic ligands, 5-aminosalicylic [...] Read more.
The formation of interfacial charge transfer (ICT) complexes between phenolic ligands and metal oxide surfaces enables surface functionalization strategies with potential applications in catalysis and bioconjugation. In this study, magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were modified with two phenolic ligands, 5-aminosalicylic acid (5ASA) and caffeic acid (CA), to generate ICT complexes capable of covalent or non-covalent enzyme immobilization, respectively. The modified nanomaterials were structurally characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was immobilized on these functionalized supports using varying nanoparticle amounts (10–30 mg) and initial enzyme concentrations (25–250 µg mL−1). Catalytic activity was evaluated using pyrogallol oxidation assays. The Fe3O4/5ASA–HRP system exhibited a maximum activity of 2.5 U per 20 mg of support (approximately 125 U g−1), whereas Fe3O4/CA showed minimal activity under the same conditions. Enzyme loading studies confirmed that 5ASA-enabled covalent attachment resulted in significantly higher immobilization efficiency (up to 1068 mg g−1) compared to the CA system. Reusability tests demonstrated that the Fe3O4/5ASA system retained high absolute catalytic activity during the initial reaction cycles and consistently outperformed the non-covalently immobilized Fe3O4/CA system upon repeated reuse. The magnetic properties of Fe3O4 allowed rapid recovery of the biocatalysts using an external magnetic field. These results highlight the effectiveness of ICT-based functionalization for enzyme immobilization, positioning Fe3O4/5ASA as a promising platform for robust and reusable biocatalysts in environmental and industrial applications. Full article
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18 pages, 6518 KB  
Article
Influence of Zeolite-A Doping and Solvent Mixing Ratio for Electrospun PVDF-Based Membranes
by Ionut Procop, Viorica Mușat, Elena Maria Anghel, Nicolae Țigău, Felicia Stan, Irina Atkinson, Daniela Cristina Culiță, Alina Cantaragiu Ceoromila, Emanuela Elena Herbei, Radu-Robert Piticescu, Gabriela Ioniță and Alexandru Petrică
Molecules 2025, 30(22), 4353; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30224353 - 10 Nov 2025
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Abstract
The current study evaluates the characteristics of electrospun PVDF-based membranes doped with zeolite-A in terms of their structural, morphological, thermal, mechanical, hydrophobic, optoelectrical, and adsorption properties. The effects of the DMF–acetone ratio on solvent and zeolite-doping concentration have been evaluated using SEM-EDX, BET, [...] Read more.
The current study evaluates the characteristics of electrospun PVDF-based membranes doped with zeolite-A in terms of their structural, morphological, thermal, mechanical, hydrophobic, optoelectrical, and adsorption properties. The effects of the DMF–acetone ratio on solvent and zeolite-doping concentration have been evaluated using SEM-EDX, BET, Raman, XRD, DSC-TGA, UV-VIS spectroscopy, contact angle measurements, and mechanical testing. The membranes prepared with solvents low in acetone and increased zeolite content exhibited a higher crystallinity degree exceeding 50%. Zeolite-enriched membranes have a slightly higher content in the α crystalline phase of PVDF when compared to zeolite-free membranes. Electrospinning processing decreased the sample’s subcooling, improving its thermal stability. Zeolite-doping reduced the band gap energy to 1.3 eV from a maximum of 2.7 eV in PVDF membranes. Membranes doped with 3 or 4 wt.% zeolite exhibit improved load-elongation values at break, reaching up to 4.2 N and 47 mm, respectively, and increased flexibility due to their porous structures and the ratio of crystalline to amorphous phases. The membranes adsorbed an MB equilibrium quantity up to 18.5 mg/g and obeyed the pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic model within the first 24 h. Thus, the synergistic effect of zeolite content and solvent ratio can effectively adjust the sample’s structure, texture, and properties. Full article
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