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Micromachines
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Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Technique and Its Applications
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Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Technique and Its Applications

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "B：Biology and Biomedicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 2810

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Shaohua Pi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
Interests: optical coherence tomography; ophthalmic imaging

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become an indispensable tool with the capability of offering in vivo, non-invasive, micron-resolution, dye-free, and 3D imaging. It has now been widely used in clinics and research to image living animals and humans. OCT works as a Michelson Interferometer where the light backscattered from biological tissue interferes with the light traveling in the reference arm. For time-domain OCT (TD-OCT), the reference mirror moves periodically to scan along the axial direction. For Fourier-domain OCT (FD-OCT), the interference is captured either by a spectrometer in spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) or by a photodetector in a swept-source OCT (SS-OCT). The emerging extensions of OCT include OCT angiography (OCTA), polarization-sensitive OCT (PS-OCT), Doppler OCT, full-field OCT (FF-OCT), and OCT oximetry. These technologies hold great potential in ophthalmology, dermatology, neuroscience, and other fields. Accordingly, this Special Issue seeks to showcase research papers, communications, and review articles that focus on novel methodological developments and bioengineering applications of OCT.

We look forward to receiving your submissions.

Dr. Shaohua Pi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biopsy
  • biomedical applications
  • optical coherence tomography
  • optical imaging
  • eye
  • brain
  • skin

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 21488 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Early Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy in the Dog by Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT)
by Annie Oh, Christine D. Harman, Kristin L. Koehl, Jiayan Huang, Leandro B. C. Teixeira, Laurence M. Occelli, Eric S. Storey, Gui-Shuang Ying and András M. Komáromy
Micromachines 2024, 15(6), 780; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15060780 - 13 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Background: Inherited primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in Beagle dogs is a well-established large animal model of glaucoma and is caused by a G661R missense mutation in the ADAMTS10 gene. Using this model, the study describes early clinical disease markers for canine glaucoma. Methods: [...] Read more.
Background: Inherited primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in Beagle dogs is a well-established large animal model of glaucoma and is caused by a G661R missense mutation in the ADAMTS10 gene. Using this model, the study describes early clinical disease markers for canine glaucoma. Methods: Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was used to assess nine adult, ADAMTS10-mutant (median age 45.6 months, range 28.8–52.8 months; mean diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP): 29.9 +/− SEM 0.44 mmHg) and three related age-matched control Beagles (mean diurnal IOP: 18.0 +/− SEM 0.53 mmHg). Results: Of all the optic nerve head (ONH) parameters evaluated, the loss of myelin peak height in the horizontal plane was most significant (from 154 +/− SEM 38.4 μm to 9.3 +/− SEM 22.1 μm; p < 0.01). There was a strong significant negative correlation between myelin peak height and IOP (Spearman correlation: −0.78; p < 0.003). There were no significant differences in the thickness of any retinal layers evaluated. Conclusions: SD-OCT is a useful tool to detect early glaucomatous damage to the ONH in dogs before vision loss. Loss in myelin peak height without inner retinal thinning was identified as an early clinical disease marker. This suggests that initial degenerative changes are mostly due to the loss of myelin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Technique and Its Applications)
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9 pages, 2326 KiB  
Article
A Novel Small Form-Factor Handheld Optical Coherence Tomography Probe for Oral Soft Tissue Imaging
by Alok K. Kushwaha, Minqi Ji, Sneha Sethi, Lisa Jamieson, Robert A. McLaughlin and Jiawen Li
Micromachines 2024, 15(6), 742; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15060742 - 31 May 2024
Viewed by 484
Abstract
Tissue imaging is crucial in oral cancer diagnostics. Imaging techniques such as X-ray imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and computed tomography (CT) enable the visualization and analysis of tissues, aiding in the detection and diagnosis of cancers. A significant amount [...] Read more.
Tissue imaging is crucial in oral cancer diagnostics. Imaging techniques such as X-ray imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and computed tomography (CT) enable the visualization and analysis of tissues, aiding in the detection and diagnosis of cancers. A significant amount of research has been conducted on designing OCT probes for tissue imaging, but most probes are either heavy, bulky and require external mounting or are lightweight but straight. This study addresses these challenges, resulting in a curved lightweight, low-voltage and compact handheld imaging probe for oral soft tissue examination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first curved handheld OCT probe with its shape optimized for oral applications. This probe features highly compact all-fiber optics with a diameter of 125 μm and utilizes innovative central deflection magnetic actuation for controlled beam scanning. To ensure vertical stability while scanning oral soft tissues, the fiber was secured through multiple narrow slits at the probe’s distal end. This apparatus was encased in a 3D-printed angular cylinder tube (15 mm outer diameter, 12 mm inner diameter and 160 mm in length, weighing < 20 g). An angle of 115° makes the probe easy to hold and suitable for scanning in space-limited locations. To validate the feasibility of this probe, we conducted assessments on a multi-layered imaging phantom and human tissues, visualizing microstructural features with high contrast. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Technique and Its Applications)
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Review

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24 pages, 17770 KiB  
Review
Growing Trend to Adopt Speckle Variance Optical Coherence Tomography for Biological Tissue Assessments in Pre-Clinical Applications
by Ruchire Eranga Wijesinghe, Nipun Shantha Kahatapitiya, Changho Lee, Sangyeob Han, Shinheon Kim, Sm Abu Saleah, Daewoon Seong, Bhagya Nathali Silva, Udaya Wijenayake, Naresh Kumar Ravichandran, Mansik Jeon and Jeehyun Kim
Micromachines 2024, 15(5), 564; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15050564 - 25 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 963
Abstract
Speckle patterns are a generic feature in coherent imaging techniques like optical coherence tomography (OCT). Although speckles are granular like noise texture, which degrades the image, they carry information that can be benefited by processing and thereby furnishing crucial information of sample structures, [...] Read more.
Speckle patterns are a generic feature in coherent imaging techniques like optical coherence tomography (OCT). Although speckles are granular like noise texture, which degrades the image, they carry information that can be benefited by processing and thereby furnishing crucial information of sample structures, which can serve to provide significant important structural details of samples in in vivo longitudinal pre-clinical monitoring and assessments. Since the motions of tissue molecules are indicated through speckle patterns, speckle variance OCT (SV-OCT) can be well-utilized for quantitative assessments of speckle variance (SV) in biological tissues. SV-OCT has been acknowledged as a promising method for mapping microvasculature in transverse-directional blood vessels with high resolution in micrometers in both the transverse and depth directions. The fundamental scope of this article reviews the state-of-the-art and clinical benefits of SV-OCT to assess biological tissues for pre-clinical applications. In particular, focus on precise quantifications of in vivo vascular response, therapy assessments, and real-time temporal vascular effects of SV-OCT are primarily emphasized. Finally, SV-OCT-incorporating pre-clinical techniques with high potential are presented for future biomedical applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Technique and Its Applications)
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