The Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Gut Microbiota and Their Metabolic Potential in Psychiatric Patients
A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Advances in Metabolomics".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 February 2023) | Viewed by 33928
Special Issue Editors
Interests: microbiota; gut–brain axis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
The value of the global probiotics market was around USD 49 billion in 2019 and is projected to reach USD 95 billion by 2027, exhibiting an annual growth rate of 7.9%. However, despite the popularity of this group of products, their mechanism of action is relatively poorly understood, especially in the context of cause-and-effect relationships.
Probiotics are used primarily to replenish the deficiency of microorganisms in the gut, which can cause specific diseases. An example of such an approach is the concept of the prophylactic introduction of probiotics during antibiotic therapy, which damages the intestinal microbiota. In addition, probiotic strains are administered to patients due to their antagonistic properties against pathogenic bacteria or microorganisms that may be responsible for a given disease. Finally, probiotic bacteria are also used to supplement the metabolites that bacterial strains produce. The latter use is of particular interest in studies evaluating the efficacy of the psychobiotic intervention.
Psychobiotics, i.e., probiotics that support mental health, are currently of great interest to researchers, doctors and people with mental disorders or those exposed to stress. Alterations in the secretion of microbiota-derived metabolites have been described in patients with neuropsychiatric diseases. For example, in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), a lower abundance of bacteria involved in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production has been described. Moreover, microbial alterations that result in increased putrefaction have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders. Selected psychobiotic strains affect the activity of the vagus nerve. If administered for a sufficiently long time, they can change the expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, which has been related to the pathogenesis of anxiety-depressive disorders. Moreover, numerous experimental and clinical studies have shown that some probiotics can lower cortisol levels in humans. It follows that they are also indirectly involved in the regulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis.
In this special issue of Metabolites, reviews and original research articles covering the latest developments in studying the effects of probiotics and their metabolites on the central nervous system (CNS), specifically relationships between the microbiota, its metabolites and mental health. We hope that our Special Issue will contribute to deepening the knowledge on the use of probiotics in mental disorders and provide the basis for creating new therapeutic standards.
Dr. Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka
Dr. Igor Loniewski
Guest Editors
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Keywords
- microbiota
- metabolome
- probiotics
- psychobiotics
- psychiatric diseases
- mental health
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