A New Concept of Associations between Gut Microbiota, Immunity and Central Nervous System for the Innovative Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Inflammatory Neuro-Immune Responses
3. Engrams and Neuro-Immune Responses in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Disorders
4. How to Modulate the Engrams
5. Utilization of Gut–Brain Axis for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders
6. Next Perspectives
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ALS | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
AMP | adenosine mono-phosphate |
AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
BBB | blood–brain barrier |
CNS | central nervous system |
CSF | cerebrospinal fluid |
DREADD | designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs |
FMT | fecal microbiota transplantation |
GABA | gamma amino butyric acid |
HDACs | histone deacetylases |
IL | interleukin |
ROS | reactive oxygen species |
SCFAs | short-chain fatty acids |
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Yoshikawa, S.; Taniguchi, K.; Sawamura, H.; Ikeda, Y.; Tsuji, A.; Matsuda, S. A New Concept of Associations between Gut Microbiota, Immunity and Central Nervous System for the Innovative Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders. Metabolites 2022, 12, 1052. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12111052
Yoshikawa S, Taniguchi K, Sawamura H, Ikeda Y, Tsuji A, Matsuda S. A New Concept of Associations between Gut Microbiota, Immunity and Central Nervous System for the Innovative Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders. Metabolites. 2022; 12(11):1052. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12111052
Chicago/Turabian StyleYoshikawa, Sayuri, Kurumi Taniguchi, Haruka Sawamura, Yuka Ikeda, Ai Tsuji, and Satoru Matsuda. 2022. "A New Concept of Associations between Gut Microbiota, Immunity and Central Nervous System for the Innovative Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders" Metabolites 12, no. 11: 1052. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12111052
APA StyleYoshikawa, S., Taniguchi, K., Sawamura, H., Ikeda, Y., Tsuji, A., & Matsuda, S. (2022). A New Concept of Associations between Gut Microbiota, Immunity and Central Nervous System for the Innovative Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders. Metabolites, 12(11), 1052. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12111052